Lokacin da kuka ji suna kamar 'Investment and Precision Casting Limited', yana ba da takamaiman takamaiman hoto, kusan ingantacciyar hoto a cikin masana'antar: aiki mara kyau, haɗaɗɗen tsaye inda ƙira ke gudana cikin cikakkiyar ƙirar kakin zuma, ta hanyar harsashi na yumbu mai ƙaƙƙarfan harsashi, kuma yana fitowa azaman mara lahani, ɓangaren ƙarfe mai siffa. Gaskiyar ita ce, kamar yadda duk wanda ya yi amfani da lokaci a kan ginin ginin ya sani, ya fi damuwa, ya fi dacewa, kuma ya fi ban sha'awa. Kalmar 'daidaici' ita kanta ma'aunin zamiya ce-abin da ke daidai ga mahalli na famfo na iya zama wanda ba za a yarda da shi ba ga injin turbine. Na ga bayanai dalla-dalla da yawa na sayayya da RFQs waɗanda suke bi da su zuba jari a matsayin akwatin baƙar fata na monolithic, tsarin kayayyaki. Wannan shine kuskure na farko kuma mafi tsada. Ƙimar gaske ba kawai a cikin sunan tsari ba, amma a cikin shekarun da suka gabata na tarawa, sau da yawa ba a bayyana ba, sanin yadda karfe ke aiki lokacin da zafin jiki na 1600 ° C ke kewaye da shi da kuma yumbu mai yumbu wanda ke yaki da yaduwar zafin jiki. Yana cikin ƙirar gating ɗin da aka rubuta akan adibas bayan an kasa zubowa guda uku, ko ƙayyadaddun danko na tushen cobalt wanda ba za ku iya samu daga littafin karatu ba.
Bayan Rubutun: Madaidaicin Ƙimar Simintin Ɗaukaka
Bari mu yi magana game da wannan kalmar, 'madaidaici'. A cikin mahallin kamfani kamar Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), wanda shafin su https://www.tsingtaocnc.com Jihohi suna da fiye da shekaru 30 a cikin yin simintin gyare-gyare da injina, daidaito ba daidai ba ne. Abu ne da aka gina akan gazawa. Da farko a cikin ma'amala na tare da hadaddun geometries-tunanin bakin ciki mai katanga sararin samaniya tare da tashoshi masu sanyaya rai - mun koyi cewa samun juriyar ± 0.005 inch ba kawai game da ƙira ba ne. Ya kasance game da yanayin zafi a cikin dakin allurar kakin zuma ranar da aka yi tsarin. Rana mai laushi tana nufin kakin zuma mai laushi kaɗan, wanda ke nufin ɓarna a hankali yayin ginin harsashi. 'Madaidaicin' ya fito ne daga kafa tsarin kula da yanayi, ba daga siyan kakin zuma mai tsada ba. Wannan shine nau'in granular, daki-daki na aiki wanda ke raba gaskiya zuba jari da madaidaicin simintin gyaran kafa abokin tarayya daga shagon aiki. QSY na dogon lokaci mai da hankali kan harsashi mold simintin gyaran kafa da saka hannun jari yana nuna cewa sun kewaya waɗannan ƙananan yanayi na sarrafa tsari.
Haɗin kai tsakanin simintin gyare-gyare da injina wani yanki ne inda maƙasudin ƙasida ya haɗu da injin niƙa, a zahiri. Kuna iya jefa jikin bawul ɗin siffa mai kusa-net, amma idan abokin aikin injin ɗinku bai fahimci ragowar yanayin damuwa ba ko yuwuwar ɗan ƙaramin porosity kawai a ƙarƙashin fata a cikin takamaiman yanki na simintin, izinin CNC na farko zai iya lalata wani yanki mai kyau. Gaskiyar cewa QSY ya haɗa CNC machining yana da mahimmanci. Yana nufin suna sarrafa dukkan sarkar darajar daga narkakken ƙarfe zuwa girman da ya ƙare. Wannan yana guje wa wasan zargi na yau da kullun: mashin ɗin ya ce simintin gyare-gyaren ba shi da kyau, masana'antar ta ce injin ɗin yana da ƙarfi sosai. Lokacin da gida ɗaya ne, madaidaicin amsa yana nan take. Sun koyi cewa don wani nau'in bakin karfe na musamman na 17-4PH, suna buƙatar daidaita maganin zafi kafin yin aiki don hana lalacewa kayan aiki. Wannan daidai ne.
Zaɓin kayan aiki shine inda takaddun bayanan ƙa'idar ke haɗuwa da tanderun. Yin aiki tare da kayan haɗi na musamman kamar nickel-based alloys ko cobalt ba wai kawai narke su ba ne. Yana nufin fahimtar yadda suke mu'amala da harsashi yumbu. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan allunan suna da ƙarfin gaske. Na tuna da wani aiki don bututun zafin jiki mai zafi inda muka yi amfani da kayan aikin cobalt na mallakar mallaka. Takardar bayanan ta ce daidaitattun kayan harsashi karbuwa. Ba su kasance ba. Mun sami amsa mai banƙyama, wani nau'in sikeli wanda ya ɗauke microns daga jurewar saman. Gyaran bai kasance mai facier gami ba; wani tsari ne na slurry na farko daban tare da abun ciki mafi girma na zirconia. Kamfanin da ke da shekaru 30 na tarihin abin duniya, kamar yadda aka ambata a gabatarwar QSY, zai sami ɗakin karatu na waɗannan alaƙar da aka koya-mai yiwuwa ba a rubuce ba amma ana ɗauka a cikin shugabannin injiniyoyi.
Wasan Shell: Duk Game da Mold ne
Shell mold simintin gyaran kafa, sau da yawa ana ambata a cikin numfashi ɗaya kamar simintin saka hannun jari, wani lokacin rikicewa tare da shi. A cikin sauƙi mai sauƙi, simintin saka hannun jari yana amfani da tsarin kakin zuma na hadaya kewaye da harsashi yumbu. Yin gyare-gyaren Shell yawanci yana amfani da ƙirar yashi mai ɗaure da guduro wanda aka kafa a kusa da ƙirar ƙarfe. Babban bambancin sakamako? Ƙarshen Surface da cikakkun bayanai. Don mafi kyawun fasali-tunanin kusurwoyi masu kaifi akan kayan aikin tiyata ko kyakkyawan wasiƙar akan kayan aiki - simintin saka hannun jari shine sarki. Amma tsarin harsashi yana da matuƙar ƙarfi ga girma, ƙananan ƙananan sassa a cikin mafi girma. Mai ƙwarewa Investment and Precision Casting Limited Aiki sau da yawa masters duka biyu domin suna hidima daban-daban niches a cikin wannan m kasuwa na hadaddun karfe sassa. Yana da game da dacewa da tsarin zuwa aikin sashi da bukatun tattalin arziki, ba tilastawa mafita ɗaya ba.
Tsarin ginin harsashi a cikin simintin saka hannun jari fasaha ce da aka kama kamar kimiyya. Tsuntsaye, magudanar ruwa, stucco, busassun sake zagayowar da alama madaidaiciya. Amma adadin yadudduka, kusurwar magudanar ruwa, girman girman yashi na stucco don kowane gashi mai zuwa-waɗannan su ne duk masu canji a cikin shekaru. Yadudduka kaɗan, kuma harsashi yana tsage yayin zuba. Da yawa, kuma kuna ɓata kayan aiki da lokacin sake zagayowar, kuma yana iya haifar da al'amuran sanyaya da ke haifar da lahani. Manufar ita ce ƙaramar harsashi mai yuwuwa wanda zai iya jure matsi na ƙarfe da girgizar zafi. Na ga shaguna inda wannan tsantsar ilimin kabilanci ne, an wuce shi daga ja-gorar canji zuwa jagorar canji. Waɗanda suke bunƙasa, Ina tsammanin kamar QSY, sun sami nasarar daidaitawa aƙalla 80% na shi cikin sigogin tsari masu sarrafawa, yayin da suke barin ɗaki don taɓawar mai sana'a a kan mafi hadaddun ayyuka.
Binciken gazawa daga abubuwan da suka shafi harsashi malami ne na dindindin. Na al'ada: lahani na jijiyoyi a saman simintin gyare-gyare, yana bayyana kamar layukan bakin ciki. Yana kama da matsalar ƙarfe, amma kusan koyaushe matsala ce ta harsashi — rashin daidaituwar haɓakar thermal ko tsagewar harsashi wanda ke cika da ƙarfe. Maganin zai iya zama daidaita yanayin zafin harsashi ko canza kayan da ke juyewa a cikin babban rigar. Duk wani lahani kamar wannan, warwarewa da kuma rubutawa, yana ƙarawa zuwa ainihin kayan fasaha na kamfani. Wannan ba kayan haƙƙin mallaka ba ne; shi ne gritty, m sani-yadda zai ba da m don dogara jefa bakin karfe impeller cewa ba zai cavitate ko nickel-gawa garkuwar zafi na wani jet engine.
CNC Machining: Abokin Waje don Yin Cast
Babu wani simintin gyare-gyaren da ke da siffa mai mahimmanci don aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci. Koyaushe akwai farfajiyar datum da ke buƙatar injina lebur, guntun da ke buƙatar cikakkiyar gamawar ID, ko zaren da ke buƙatar yanke. Wannan shine inda haɗin kai ke haskakawa. Aika simintin gyare-gyare don injina yana gabatar da dabaru, batutuwa masu inganci, da lokaci. Samun shi a cikin gida, kamar yadda QSY ke yi, yana ba da damar haɓaka dabarun masana'anta. Misali, za su iya tsara simintin gyare-gyaren tare da machining a hankali-ƙara ƙaramar haja amma dabarun dabaru a cikin wuraren da ba a iya riƙewa ba, ko kuma tabbatar da cewa tsarin gating ya kasance nesa da filaye masu mahimmanci don guje wa aikin tsaftacewa.
Gwajin haƙiƙanin yana kan simintin gyare-gyare, simintin bango. Machining na iya haifar da damuwa da hargitsi. Ƙungiya mai haɗin gwiwa ta san halayen wasan kwaikwayo-inda zai iya zama mafi wuya, inda damuwa na iya dadewa. Za su iya haɓaka tsarin injina wanda ke ɗaukar haske, daidaitaccen yanke don guje wa cire ɓangaren daga juriya. Na yi aiki a kan simintin saka hannun jari na aluminium don ɗorawa na gani inda haƙurin injina na ƙarshe ya kasance tsakanin 0.0005. Cimma wannan yana buƙatar masu injinan masana'antu da samarin masana'antu su zauna tare da tsara tsarin gaba ɗaya daga ƙarfafawa zuwa wucewa ta ƙarshe. Gaskiyar cewa bayar da kamfani a bayyane ya lissafa duka fannonin biyu yana nuna cewa sun gasa wannan haɗin gwiwar a cikin tsarin su.
Kayan kayan aiki wani ciwon kai ne da aka raba. Kayayyakin simintin gyare-gyare, ko da bayan maganin zafi, na iya samun haɗe-haɗe ko tabo mai wuya. Ƙungiyar mashin ɗin da aka katse daga ma'adanin za ta koka kawai kuma ta ƙone ta cikin abubuwan da aka saka. Ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwa tana ciyar da bayanan baya. Kamfanonin na iya daidaita inoculant da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin simintin ƙarfe ko tweak ƙimar sanyaya don wani ɓangaren bakin don ƙirƙirar ƙaƙƙarfan ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki. Wannan ci gaba da ingantawa, rufaffiyar madauki ne ke gina ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfi daidaitaccen simintin gyaran kafa iya aiki fiye da shekaru 30.
Kayayyaki: Daga Kayayyaki zuwa Exotic
Jerin kayan-simintin ƙarfe, ƙarfe, bakin karfe, gami na musamman-yana karanta kamar ci gaban iyawa. Duk wani tushe na iya yin baƙin ƙarfe mai launin toka. Yin shi akai-akai don babban kayan aikin mota tare da ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatun taurin ya fi wuya. Motsawa zuwa karfe yana gabatar da ƙalubalen raguwa da ciyarwa; wasa ne na ƙarfafawa daban. Bakin ƙarfe, tare da ƙarancin zafin zafinsu, suna da saurin yagewa idan gating da tashi ba su tabo ba. Kowace iyali sabon harshe ne na ƙarfe.
Alloys na musamman - tushen cobalt, tushen nickel - su ne inda shingen shiga ya yi girma. Suna da tsada, galibi masu mallakar su ne, kuma suna da hayaniya. Abubuwan injin su suna da matuƙar kula da tarihin zafin rana yayin simintin gyare-gyare da kuma maganin zafi na gaba. Samun ƙarfin juzu'i da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kayan aikin Inconel 718 ba kawai game da bugun sinadarai bane. Yana da game da sarrafa ƙimar sanyaya ta takamaiman kewayon zafin jiki sannan kuma amfani da daidaitaccen zagayowar ƙarfafa shekaru. Shagon da ke jera waɗannan kayan a hankali ya sanya jarin jari da ilimi a cikin tanda mai narkewa da sarrafa tanda mai zafi na yanayi. Bayani ne na niyya mai mahimmanci a cikin babban aiki na sashin zuba jari.
Ɗaya daga cikin ciwon kai mai amfani tare da waɗannan allunan shine gudanarwa na juyawa-sake amfani da tarkace da sprues. Ba za ku iya kawai jefa komai cikin narkewa ba. Ilimin sunadarai yana canzawa, abubuwan ganowa sun taru. Kuna buƙatar tsarin ladabtarwa don rarrabuwa da haɗuwa da komawa tare da kayan budurwa. Abu ne mai ban sha'awa amma mai mahimmanci na kulawar farashi da daidaiton inganci lokacin da ake mu'amala da allunan-kilo $50. Wannan shine nau'in horon aiki na baya-bayan nan wanda ke karfafa kasuwanci mai dorewa a cikin wannan fili.
Factor na Shekaru 30: Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa na Ƙaddamarwa ta Ƙaddamarwa ta Ƙaddamarwa
Shekaru talatin a cikin wannan kasuwancin, kamar yadda aka lura ga QSY, suna da mahimmanci. Yana nufin sun tsira da yawa na tattalin arziki zagayowar, ganin fasahar zo da tafi (tuna a lokacin da m prototyping zai kashe zuba jari simintin gyaran kafa don samfur?), Kuma da alama suna da zurfin benci na tsohon soja model maƙera, narka foreman, da ingantattun injiniyoyi. Wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar cibiyar ba ta da tsada. Yana nufin wani a wurin mai yiwuwa ya tuna yadda suka warware irin wannan lahani a wani ɓangaren don famfon rig ɗin mai da ba a daina amfani da shi ba a cikin 90s, kuma ilimin zai iya amfani da sabon sashi don bawul ɗin hydrogen a yau.
Amma gefen juyewa shine haɗarin tsayawa. Tsohon hanyoyin suna da dadi. Kalubale ga kowane kafa Investment and Precision Casting Limited mahaluži shi ne ya auri cewa zurfin gwaninta tare da sababbin fasahohi: 3D bugu don hadaya alamu ko ma yumbu bawo, ci-gaba kwaikwaiyo software for solidification tallan kayan kawa, real-lokaci tsari saka idanu tare da firikwensin a cikin tanderun da kuma tare da shafi line. Shagunan da za su jagoranci na shekaru 30 masu zuwa su ne waɗanda ke amfani da kwarewarsu ba a matsayin ƙwanƙwasa ba, amma a matsayin tushe don ingantawa da aiwatar da waɗannan sababbin kayan aiki cikin hikima. Za su yi amfani da simulation ba don maye gurbin tunanin mai tushe ba, amma don gwada ƙirar gating guda ashirin a cikin yini ɗaya maimakon ɗaukar makonni akan simintin gwaji.
A ƙarshe, abin da kuke nema a cikin abokin tarayya mai suna irin wannan ba jerin matakai da kayan aiki bane kawai. Kuna neman shaida mai zurfi, warware matsala mai amfani. Yana cikin hanyar da suke tambayar zanen ku, ba da shawarar ɗan canjin daftarin kusurwa don inganta cikawa, ko ba da shawarar wani nau'in bakin karfe daban wanda ya fi kyau kuma har yanzu ya dace da ƙayyadaddun lalata ku. Yana cikin fayyace lokacin da wani abu ya yi kuskure da cikakken bayani a cikin rahoton aikin gyara su. Wannan ita ce alamar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ma'aikata, ko a kan kantin sayar da su ko kuma a cikin shawarwarin fasaha. Sauran tallace-tallace ne kawai.
