Kuna duba 'simintin saka hannun jari inconel 718' kuma kuna samun ambaliya na bayanai: 1400°F ƙarfin ƙarfi, fashewar ɓarna, juriya da iskar shaka har zuwa 1300°C. Abin da ba za ku samu ba shine jin harsashi yana fashe akan dewax, ko kuma lokacin nutsewa lokacin da rahoton NDT ya nuna alamun suma a cikin wani sashe mai mahimmanci. Takaddun bayanai yana sa ya zama kamar matsalar da aka warware. Ba haka ba. Tattaunawa ne da ilimin kimiyyar lissafi, kuma ƙarfe sau da yawa yana da ra'ayin ƙarshe.
Alloy Ba Matsala bace. Tsarin Shine.
Kowane mutum yana daidaitawa akan Inconel 718 kanta - abun da ke ciki, takaddun shaida. Amma a zuba jari, gami da danyen abu ne kawai. Babban kalubalen shine tafiya daga kakin zuma zuwa gama simintin. 718 yana da ɗabi'a mara kyau na samar da lokaci na Laves, waɗancan mahadi na tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsaki, idan ƙarfafawar ba ta da ƙarfi sosai. Ba za ku iya kawai zuba shi kamar 304 bakin karfe ba. Halayen thermal sun bambanta. Rashin raguwa ya bambanta. Yadda yake amsawa tare da harsashi yumbu ya bambanta.
Na tuna wani batch don ɓangaren turbine shroud. Geometry ya kasance siriri-bango amma mai rikitarwa. Mun sami cikakkiyar sinadarai, amma simintin gyare-gyaren ya gaza gwajin fashewar damuwa. Matsalar? Za mu yi amfani da daidaitaccen tsarin harsashi—haɗin fuska na yau da kullun na silica. 718, a waɗancan yanayin yanayin zafi, yana amsawa tare da shi kawai ya isa ya haifar da lalata iyakokin hatsi. Ba babban lahani ba ne, amma a ƙarƙashin haɓakawa, kuna iya ganin ɓarna. Takaddun bayanai na harsashi bai ambaci wannan hulɗar ba. Kuna koyi cewa hanya mai wuyar gaske.
A nan ne shekaru 30 na shago ke so Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY) ya shigo cikin wasa. Ba kawai game da samun tanderu ba; shi ne game da cibiyoyin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya wanda harsashi girke-girke aiki tare da abin da nickel tushen gami. Gidan yanar gizon su, tsingtaocnc.com, Lissafin aikin su tare da kayan aiki na musamman, amma ainihin ilimin yana cikin takardun aikin su - tweaks don preheat yanayin zafi da zubar da sauri wanda ke haifar da bambanci tsakanin simintin sauti da tarkace.
Kakin Kaki, Shell, da Rawar Faɗuwar thermal
Bari muyi magana game da harsashi. Don 718, sau da yawa kuna ƙaura daga daidaitattun tsarin tushen silica. Mun matsa zuwa gashin fuska na tushen zircon da madadin alumina-silicate. Me yasa? Coefficient na thermal fadadawa. Kuna buƙatar harsashi don jure yanayin zafi na ~1500°C karfe amma kuma ku kasance mai rauni sosai don cirewa daga baya ba tare da yin amfani da injinan tashin hankali ba wanda zai iya yin aiki-taurare saman simintin. Ayyukan daidaitawa ne.
Matakin cirewa yana da mahimmanci. Tare da karfe, autoclave dewaxing yana da sauƙi. Tare da kayan aiki mai girma kamar 718, inda tsarin kakin zuma zai iya zama ya fi girma ko kuma yana da sassan da ya fi girma, kuna hadarin harsashi daga matsa lamba mai sauri idan ba a kunna sake zagayowar ba. Mun taɓa yin asarar bishiyar ƙira saboda zagayowar autoclave ya yi muni sosai. Harsashin ya yi kyau, amma tsagewar gashi ya bar ƙarfe ya shiga, yana haifar da ƙuƙumma masu yawa da lalata daidaiton girma. Yanzu, sau da yawa muna amfani da hankali, hanyar dewax mai walƙiya don mahimman ayyuka 718, kodayake yana ƙara lokaci.
Yin burodin Shell, ko preheating, wani kiran hukunci ne. Zuba cikin harsashi mai sanyi sosai, kuma kuna haɗarin haɗari. Yayi zafi sosai, kuma zaku iya ƙara girman halayen ƙarfe-harsashi da ƙara girman hatsi. Don hadaddun Farashin 718 yin simintin gyare-gyare, yawanci muna nufin zafin harsashi a kusa da 1000 ° C, amma wannan ya biyo bayan dogon lokaci, jinkirin hawan sama don fitar da duk abin da ba shi da tabbas ba tare da girgiza yumbu ba. Ba lamba ba ce da kuke samu a cikin littafin karatu; shine ka iso bayan an kasa zubawa.
Ciyarwa, Ciyarwa, da Neman Sauti
Ciyarwa Inconel 718 sigar fasaha ce. Kewayon daskarewarsa bai kai girman wasu superalloys ba, amma har yanzu yana buƙatar masu karimci masu zafi. Dole ne a tsara tsarin gating don rage tashin hankali-hargitsi yana haifar da haɗaɗɗun oxide, waɗanda ke da haɗari a cikin abubuwan haɗin sararin samaniya. Muna amfani da kwaikwaiyon kwamfuta a yanzu, amma kwaikwaiyon farko sun kasance masu kyakkyawan fata. Za su nuna cikakkiyar cikawa da ciyarwa. Simintin gyare-gyare na ainihi zai sami raguwar porosity a cikin kauri mai kauri.
Darasi? Kwaikwayi jagora ne ba annabi ba. Har yanzu kuna buƙatar over-engineer feeders don 718. Mu sau da yawa amfani da exothermic feeder hannayen riga musamman tsara don nickel gami don ci gaba da riser zafi tsawon. Ko da a lokacin, wani lokacin dole ne ku ƙara ƙaramin sanyi a wurare masu mahimmanci don tilasta ƙarfafawar jagora zuwa ga mai tashi. Tsari ne na tactile na bita da maimaitawa. Aboki kamar QSY, tare da zurfin asalinsu a ciki harsashi mold simintin gyaran kafa kuma zuba jari, yawanci yana da ɗakin karatu na ingantattun ƙirar gating don iyalai daban-daban na gami, wanda shine babban farawa.
Bayan jefawa, ƙofofin da masu tashi su ne dabba don cirewa. 718 aiki-taurare da sauri sauri. Idan kayi ƙoƙarin gani ko niƙa shi kamar ƙarfe na carbon, za ku ƙone ruwan wukake kuma ƙila ku haifar da fashewar damuwa. Yanke ruwan jet mai ƙyalƙyali ko ƙwanƙolin bandeji tare da ingantaccen abinci da sauri suna da mahimmanci. Abu ne mai tsada da lokaci da yawa suna mantawa da yin lissafinsu a farkon maganarsu.
Maganin Zafi: Inda Aka Yi Kayayyakin (ko Karye)
Wannan shine mafi yawan maƙasudin gazawa a cikin sarkar samarwa. Kuna samun kyau, sauti zuba jari. Sa'an nan kuma ku lalata shi a cikin tanderun maganin zafi. Don yin 718, jiyya daidai ne: maganin maganin da shekaru. Don jefa 718, ya bambanta. Kuna ma'amala da tsarin simintin simintin gyare-gyare, rarrabuwa, da waɗancan matakan Laves masu yuwuwa.
Daidaitaccen aikin shine maganin homogenization na farko-riƙe a kusa da 1100 ° C na sa'o'i don narkar da Laves har ma da fitar da abun da ke ciki. Tsallake wannan, ko yi shi ba daidai ba, kuma tsufa mai zuwa ba zai haifar da gamma mai ninki biyu da ake buƙata ba. Sakamakon? Kaddarorin injiniyoyi marasa daidaituwa. Na ga simintin gyare-gyare sun wuce UT amma sun gaza gwaje-gwajen tensile na batch saboda yanayin yanayin zafi ya dogara ne akan ƙayyadaddun kayan ƙirƙira.
Sarrafa yanayin yanayi ba abin tattaunawa ba ne. Vacuum ko argon. Duk wani iskar oxygen da ke faruwa a lokacin homogenization mai zafi mai zafi zai haifar da iskar oxygen mai tsanani da raguwar abubuwa masu mahimmanci kamar chromium. Ba wai kawai kuna yin sikeli ba ne; kana canza karafa na fata. Mun koyi hakan ne bayan da wani tsari ya fito daga cikin tanderun da ake kyautata zaton ba shi da amfani tare da ɓawon toka mai laushi. Machining ya bayyana rami. An lalata hatimin tanderun. Yanzu, muna gudanar da takaddun shaida tare da kowane kaya don tabbatar da tsaftar yanayi.
Machining da Ƙarƙashin Ƙarshe
Wannan shi ne inda QSY ta hadedde model na zuba jari kuma Injin CNC yana nuna kimar sa. Machining simintin 718 dabba ce daban fiye da sarrafa takwararta da aka yi. The hardness can be inconsistent, and hidden micro-shrinkage or inclusions can shatter a $200 end mill in an instant.
Makullin ya tsaya tsayin daka, tsayayyen saiti da yanke masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. Ba za ku je aikin injina mai sauri ba a nan. Yana kusan jinkirin da tsayayye, tare da sanyaya mai yawa don sarrafa zafi da hana taurin aikin. Geometry na kayan aiki yana da mahimmanci - rake mai kyau, gefuna masu kaifi. Kayan aiki maras ban sha'awa kawai suna shafa kayan kuma suna haifar da zafi mai yawa.
Mafi mahimmanci, dole ne a tsara jerin mashin ɗin tare da ragowar damuwa na simintin gyaran kafa. Kuna iya buƙatar murkushewa, sannan sauƙaƙe damuwa, sannan gama na'ura. Idan kuka yi ƙoƙarin cire shi gaba ɗaya, ɓangaren na iya yin jujjuyawa sosai bayan ba a ɗaure shi ba, ya mai da shi mara amfani. Tattaunawa ta ƙarshe ce, a tsanake don bayyana cikakkiyar sashe daga wannan simintin simintin gyare-gyare.
To, Menene Gaskiyar Kuɗi?
Lokacin da kuke kimanta mai kaya don Inconel 718, ba kawai kuna siyan fam na karfe ba. Kuna siyan tarihin sarrafa tsarin su, fahimtar ƙarfensu, da ƙwaƙwalwar cibiyar warware matsalolin su. Ƙimar arha sau da yawa tana zuwa daga shagon da ke ɗaukar shi kamar bakin karfe. Za su isar da sashin da yayi daidai amma ya gaza a gwaji ko a fagen.
Darajar ma'aikacin da aka kafa shine don guje wa waɗannan bala'i, gazawar jinkirta shirin. Yana da a cikin sanin cewa wani ƙofa zane yana aiki don takamaiman sashi na lissafi, ko kuma takamaiman adadin yumbu foda yana buƙatar tweak a cikin slurry danko don 718. Wannan ba masana'antar kayayyaki bane. Ya fi kamar bespoke karafa. Haqiqa farashin shine tabbacin cewa sashin zai yi a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan da ƙayyadaddun takaddar ta bayyana da gaba gaɗi. Kuma an gina wannan tabbacin akan ginshiƙin kurakuran da suka gabata, koyan darussa, da nasara mai wuya, hikimar kanti.
