Lokacin da mutane ke magana game da kasuwar simintin saka hannun jari, galibi suna tsalle kai tsaye zuwa manyan lambobi - hasashen duniya, adadin CAGR, sararin samaniya da sassan kiwon lafiya suna haɓaka haɓaka. Wannan duk ya dace, tabbas, amma ya rasa nassi. Gaskiyar labarin ba kawai a cikin rahotanni ba; yana cikin niƙa na yau da kullun na yin harsashi mai kyau, sarrafa dewax, da buga daidai saman gama a kan injin turbine ba tare da busa kasafin kuɗi ba. Akwai kuskuren da aka saba cewa masana'anta ce mai balaga, mai saurin tafiya. Daga inda na tsaya, ba komai bane. Matsin lamba don daidaitawa-sababbin gami, ƙarin juriya, gajeriyar gudu don samfuri-yana dawwama. Ya rage game da yin simintin gyare-gyare da yawa da ƙari game da yin wayo.
Babban Tsari: Inda Ka'idar ta Haɗu da Crucible
Kowa ya san matakan asali: ƙirar kakin zuma, ginin harsashi, dewax, zuba, ƙwanƙwasa. Bukatar kasuwa, duk da haka, tana tilasta juyin halitta a kowane mataki. Ɗauki yin harsashi. Juyawa zuwa ƙarin dorewa, rigunan fuska na tushen zircon ba kawai musanya kayan abu bane; yana da cikakken recalibration na bushewa sau da kuma tanderun jadawalin. Mun koyi wannan hanya mai wahala a cikin ƴan shekarun baya akan gudu na bawul. Sabuwar girke-girke na slurry, akan takarda mafi girma don kwanciyar hankali, ya haifar da kaurin harsashi mara daidaituwa saboda kulawar zafi ɗin mu bai kai takaitu ba. Wani gunguni ne suka fito da zazzafan hawaye. Wannan darasi ne na $20k a cikin dalilin da ya sa dole ne a fara tantance yanayin kasuwa zuwa manyan yumbura a kan shagon ku da farko.
Sannan akwai kakin zuma da kanta. Tare da haɓakar hadaddun, abubuwan da ke da bangon bakin ciki a sassa kamar jiragen sama marasa matuƙa da kayan aikin tiyata, allura da faɗaɗa yanayin zafi na kayan ƙirar suna da mahimmanci. Ba siyan kaya ba ne kuma. Yawancin lokaci kuna haɓaka haɗin kakin zuma tare da mai siyarwa don dacewa da takamaiman lissafin lissafi. Na tuna wani aiki don madaidaicin sashin sararin samaniya inda muka yi gyare-gyaren kakin zuma guda bakwai kafin tsarin ya fito daga mutuwa ba tare da murdiya ba. Haƙurin abokin ciniki shine +/- 0.1mm akan tazarar 200mm. Kasuwar ba wai kawai ta nemi daidaito ba; yana buƙatar ka gina wannan madaidaicin zuwa mataki na farko.
Wannan shine inda zurfin kamfani ke nunawa. Kamfanin kamar Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), tare da shekaru talatin da suka yi a wasan, ya ƙunshi wannan ƙwarewar fasaha. Ziyartar kayan aiki kamar nasu (zaka iya ganin bakan damar su a https://www.tsingtaocnc.com) ya bayyana. Ba wai kawai game da samun layukan simintin saka hannun jari ba; yana game da hadedde hanya. Ayyukan su na dogon lokaci yana nufin sun iya gani kuma sun warware ɗimbin ƙananan gazawa - fashewar harsashi, tashin hankali na ƙarfe, ragowar damuwa - wanda ke raba magana daga tsari mai riba, mai maimaitawa.
Materials: Ƙa'idar Alloy
Ƙwarewar kasuwar simintin saka hannun jari ta fi kowa bayyana a cikin amfani da kayan aiki. Yana motsawa fiye da bakin karfe 316 da carbon karfe. Yanzu, game da tela alloy ɗin zuwa matakin hauka. Tushen famfo don sabis na lalata na iya buƙatar babban bakin ruwa mai duplex; vane na jagora don injin turbine na iya buƙatar ingantacciyar nickel superalloy a gaba. Kowane abu yana jefa muku matsala daban-daban.
Alloys na tushen nickel, alal misali, dabba ne. Matsayin narkewar su da yanayin samar da tsayayyen oxides yana nufin zazzagewar zafin ku da ƙirar gating ɗinku dole ne su kasance tabo. Duk wani tashin hankali, kuma kuna samun haɗawa. Duk wani ɗan karkata a cikin mold preheat, kuma kuna samun mistruns. Mun taɓa zubo wani nau'in Inconel 718 sassa inda thermocouple a cikin tanderun ke ba da karatu mai zurfi. Karfe a zahiri ya kasance kusan 30°C mai sanyaya fiye da yadda muke zato. Sakamakon? Daskarewa da wuri a cikin masu gudu, rashin cikawa. Dukan zafin ya ɓalle. Kudin karfen kawai ya kasance mai raɗaɗi.
Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa babban fayil ɗin kayan masarufi ya zama alamar kai tsaye ga iyawar kasuwar sa. Lokacin da kuka kalli bayanin martaba na kamfani kamar QSY's, wanda ke jera abubuwan gami na musamman kamar cobalt-based da nickel-based tare da daidaitattun kayan aiki, yana nuna alamar ginin da aka tanadar don ƙarshen ƙimar ƙimar. kasuwar simintin zuba jari. Yana nuna suna da ƙwarewar ƙarfe, tanderun yanayi mai sarrafawa, da sanin yadda za a iya sarrafa shi. Ba jeri ba ne akan gidan yanar gizo; magana ce ta warware matsalolin.
Hannun Hannu na CNC: Yin Casting Rabin Yaƙin Ne Kawai
Wannan batu ne mai mahimmanci wanda galibi ana haskawa a cikin faɗuwar nazarin kasuwa. Ƙananan simintin saka hannun jari kaɗan ne ke shirin jigilar kaya. Kusan duk suna buƙatar inji. Hanya tsakanin sassan simintin gyare-gyare da CNC shine inda ake samun riba ko rasa. Yin gyare-gyare na iya zama mai sauti, amma idan fasalin datum ya kashe, ko kuma alawus ɗin hannun jari bai daidaita ba, injinan yana ɗaukar awoyi yana ramawa, yana kashe gefen ku.
Haɗin kai na gaskiya shine maɓalli. Mafi kyawun aiki shine samun ƙungiyar shirye-shiryen CNC a cikin lokacin ƙirar kayan aiki. Za su iya ba da shawara kan ƙara mashin ɗin injin, suna ba da shawarar sauye-sauye a cikin layin raba don inganta matsawa, ko ƙayyadaddun wuraren da ke buƙatar sarrafa simintin simintin gyare-gyare. Na ga ayyukan da simintin ya yi kyau, amma saboda ƙugiya mai mahimmanci tana cikin wuri mai wuyar daidaitawa, farashin injin ɗin ya ninka farashin ɓangaren. Abokin ciniki ya yi tafiya.
Wannan shine fa'idar mai bada haɗin kai tsaye. Daga rukunin yanar gizon su, zaku iya ganin jerin QSY duka harsashi mold simintin gyaran kafa, zuba jari, da CNC machining a matsayin ainihin ayyuka. Wannan ba daidaituwa ba ne. Yana da masaniyar dabarun cewa kasuwar zamani ba ta siyan simintin gyare-gyare; yana siyan kayan da aka gama. Samun machining a cikin gida yana nufin za su iya inganta tsarin tafiyar da aiki gaba ɗaya, sarrafa inganci a kowane mataki, kuma a ƙarshe suna ba da ingantaccen abin dogaro kuma galibi mafi ƙarancin farashi. Yana rage nuna yatsa tsakanin mai kaya da shagon injin lokacin da wani abu ya faru.
Niches Kasuwa vs. Gabaɗaya Ƙarfin
Kasuwar simintin saka hannun jari tana wargajewa. Akwai babban girma, gefen mota (tunanin gidaje na turbocharger) wanda duk game da aiki da kai da ɓangarorin reza. Sa'an nan kuma akwai ƙananan ƙaranci, babban maɗaukakiyar (aerospace, Defense, implants na likita), wanda shine game da iyawa da takaddun shaida. Ƙoƙarin zama kowane abu ga kowa da kowa tarko ne ga manyan wuraren da aka kafa.
Wasan da ya fi wayo shine haɓaka gwaninta mai zurfi a cikin ma'aurata a tsaye. Misali, ƙwararre a cikin alluna masu jure lalata don masana'antar sarrafa sinadarai, ko a cikin simintin gyare-gyare masu inganci don samar da wutar lantarki. Wannan yana ba ku damar gina suna, daidaita ayyukanku don waɗannan takamaiman kayan aiki da buƙatun inganci, da haɓaka alaƙar abokin ciniki na dogon lokaci. Yana da ƙasa game da bin kowane RFP da ƙari game da zama go-ga-gani ga wata matsala ta musamman.
Gina wannan suna yana ɗaukar lokaci da isarwa akai-akai. Tarihin shekaru 30, kamar yadda aka gani a bangon kamfani kamar QSY, yana nuna kwanciyar hankali da tarin ilimin tsari wanda ke da kima. Yana nufin sun zagaya zagayowar kasuwa, sun dace da sabbin ƙa'idodi masu inganci (kamar yadda ake kai wa NADCAP a sararin samaniya), kuma tabbas sun gina wani littafi na abin da ke aiki da abin da ba haka ba ne kawai ba za ku iya samu daga sabon aiki ba. A cikin wannan kasuwa, tsawon rayuwa sau da yawa wakili ne don aminci.
Neman Gaba: Matsi da Dama
Matsalolin matsin lamba a bayyane suke: hauhawar farashin makamashi, ƙa'idodin muhalli akan ɗaure da sharar gida, da gasar duniya, musamman akan mafi sauƙi na geometry. Yin aiki da kai na matakai kamar dipping harsashi na mutum-mutumi da kuma duba 3D don dubawa ba abin alatu ba ne; larura ce don daidaito da gasa.
Amma damar ta ta'allaka ne a cikin rikitarwa da haɗin kai. Yayin da masu zanen kaya ke turawa ga sassa masu ƙarfi, ƙarfi, mafi ingancin zafin jiki, ana tilasta musu su juya zuwa simintin saka hannun jari don geometries wanda ba zai yiwu ba tare da injina ko ƙirƙira. Ci gaban kasuwa yana cikin waɗancan hadaddun, abubuwan da aka ƙara ƙima. Kamfanonin da za su bunƙasa su ne waɗanda za su iya zama abokan haɗin gwiwa don ƙira don ƙira, ba da jagorar kimiyyar kayan aiki, da isar da wani ɓangaren da aka gama, injina.
Sana'a ce ta hannu, mai warware matsaloli. Nasara a cikin kasuwar simintin zuba jari ya sauko zuwa mayar da hankali na yau da kullum akan cikakkun bayanai - danko na slurry, daidaitawar tanderun wuta, sadarwa tsakanin mai zanen mold da mai shirye-shiryen CNC. Ba kyawawa bane, amma gaskiya ne. Kuma ga waɗanda suka samu daidai, waɗanda za su iya dogaro da gaske fassara bugu mai wahala zuwa sauti, daidaitaccen simintin gyare-gyare, kasuwa-na gaske, ƙasƙanci, kasuwa mai buƙata-yana da ayyuka da yawa don bayarwa.
