Kuna jin 'Monel 400' kuma abu na farko da ya zo a hankali shine ruwan teku, bawuloli, famfo famfo. Shi ne tafi-zuwa ga lalata ruwan gishiri, dama? Gaskiya ne, amma kuma a nan ne yawancin zato suka fara. Mutane suna tantance shi saboda ya shahara, ba koyaushe saboda yana da kyau ba. Na ga an yi amfani da shi inda bakin duplex mai yiwuwa ya kasance mai rahusa kuma an yi shi daidai. Ainihin nuance tare da wannan gami ba kawai abun da ke ciki ba-kimanin 67% Ni, 23% Cu-yana fahimtar inda takamaiman haɗin gwiwa na ƙarfi, weldability, da kaddarorin da ba na maganadisu ba a zahiri suna biyan kuɗin kuɗi, kuma inda al'ada ce mai tsada.
Haqiqanin Falo Na Farko
Casting Monel 400 ba kamar zuba carbon karfe bane. Ba ma kusa ba. Abu na farko da ka lura shine zafi - yana zubowa a ƙananan zafin jiki fiye da karfe, amma karfe yana da alama 'sluggish'. Ba ya gudana tare da hanzari iri ɗaya. A cikin simintin gyare-gyaren harsashi, wanda muke amfani da shi sosai a Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), Samun wannan cika daidai ba tare da rufe sanyi ba ko hazo yana buƙatar daidaita tsarin gating. Ba za ku iya kwafin ƙirar kawai daga aikin bakin 316 ba. Babban abun ciki na nickel na gami yana nufin yana da haɗari ga shaƙar iskar gas kuma, don haka yanayin ƙura da aikin deoxidation suna da mahimmanci. Ɗauki kaɗan kuma kuna samun simintin gyare-gyaren da za su iya wuce abin gani amma kasa ƙarƙashin matsin lamba.
Sai kuma ciyarwa. Ƙunƙarar ƙarfafawa yana da mahimmanci. Mun koyi tun da wuri cewa yin amfani da girman hawan hawan kamar na kwatankwacin simintin ƙarfe na carbon karfe shine girke-girke na raguwa a cikin sassa masu kauri. Ya ɗauki ƴan ɗimbin ɓangarorin da suka gaza, yanke tarkace don ganin ɓangarorin ciki, don buga madaidaicin girma da wuri. Irin wannan nau'in hannu ne, kusan bayanan gwaji-da-kuskure waɗanda ba ku samu daga takaddun takamaiman ba. Shekaru fiye da 30 a cikin yin simintin gyare-gyare a QSY yana nufin mun gina ɗakin karatu na waɗannan sigogi don nau'ikan geometries daban-daban, wanda ita ce hanya ɗaya tilo don tabbatar da inganci akai-akai.
Bayan simintin gyare-gyare, ma'aunin saman yana da ƙarfi. Baƙar fata, Layer oxide Layer yana samuwa. Ba za ku iya kawai busa shi da daidaitaccen harbi ba; yana buƙatar ƙara fashewar fashewar ƙoshin ƙarfi ko wani lokacin har ma da ɗanɗano acid don bayyana yanayin yanayin launin toka-fari na gindin sautin. Rashin wannan matakin kafin yin injin yana haifar da saurin lalacewa na kayan aiki. Karamin daki-daki ne, amma tsallake shi yana mai da aiki mai riba ya zama mai yin asara.
Machining: Inda Ka'idar ta Haɗu da Bit Tool
Idan kuna tunanin machining bakin karfe yana da wahala, Monel 400 zai ƙasƙantar da ku. Ba taurin kai ba ne - aiki tuƙuru ne. Kayan kamar yayi fada. Kuna yanke, kuma yankin da ke bayan yankan ya taurare nan da nan. Shiga don wani fasinja tare da zurfin wannan? Za ku ji kayan aikin yana gunaguni, idan ba ya guntuwa kai tsaye.
Dabarar ita ce kayan aiki masu kaifi, rake mai kyau, kuma babu wurin zama. Dole ne ku ci gaba da yanke ci gaba da zurfin isa don samun ƙarƙashin aikin-taurin aiki daga wucewar da ta gabata. Muna tafiyar da shi a hankali fiye da karfe, tare da nauyi, abinci mai sarrafawa. Coolant ba za a iya sasantawa ba, kuma ba don sanyaya ba kawai - yana taimakawa tare da karyewar guntu. Chips ɗin suna fitowa da ƙarfi da tauri, kamar wukar tsuntsun azurfa waɗanda za su iya murƙushe komai idan ba a sarrafa su ba. Yin amfani da na'urar sanyaya mai ƙarfi don karyawa da kwashe kwakwalwan kwamfuta daidaitaccen aiki ne akan saitin CNC ɗin mu.
Yin hakowa da buguwa ƙalubale ne nasu na musamman. Hakowa Peck yana da mahimmanci don share kwakwalwan kwamfuta da hana kamawa. Don bugawa, muna yin girman ramin fiye da madaidaicin ginshiƙi kuma muna amfani da famfo mai rufi mai ƙima. Ko da a lokacin, karyewar famfo ba sabon abu bane akan ramuka masu zurfi. Kudin fasa famfo a cikin ɓangaren Monel da aka kusa ƙare yana da zafi-wani lokacin yana da rahusa don cire ɓangaren fiye da gwadawa da EDM fitar da kayan aikin da aka karye. Yana tilasta muku tsara tsarin da kyau, yana sanya ayyuka masu haɗari da wuri.
The Welding Paradox
An kwatanta Monel 400 a matsayin mai saurin walƙiya, kuma ta ƙarfe, gaskiya ne. Amma 'a hankali' ba yana nufin 'sauƙi' ba. Yana nufin za ku iya samun haɗin sauti ba tare da preheat ko maganin zafi ba, wanda shine babbar fa'ida. Amma shaidan yana cikin dabara.
Babban abun ciki na jan ƙarfe shine babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a nan. Copper yana da high thermal conductivity, don haka zafi daga baka yana watsawa da sauri. Wannan na iya haifar da rashin haɗuwa idan ba ku yi hankali ba - kududdufin yana daskarewa da sauri fiye da yadda kuke tsammani. Kuna buƙatar kula da tsattsauran baka kuma wataƙila ɗan ƙaramin amperage fiye da na bakin. Amma crank shi da yawa, kuma kuna ƙara haɗarin fashewa mai zafi, musamman a cikin wuraren da aka hana.
Filler karfe zabin wani hukunci ne. Yawancin lokaci, kuna amfani da Monel 400 filler (ERNiCu-7). Amma ga mahaɗin da ba su da kamanni, ka ce wa ƙarfe na carbon, za ka iya zuwa neman abin da ake amfani da shi na nickel kamar ENi-1 don rage ƙauran ƙarfe da kuma hana ɓarna. Na tuna wani aiki na ma'aunin ruwan teku inda Monel flange aka welded zuwa bututun ƙarfe na carbon. Ƙoƙari na farko ya yi amfani da filler Monel, kuma HAZ a gefen karfe ya haifar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta bayan ƴan hawan zafi. An canza zuwa ENi-1, an warware matsalar. Waɗannan cikakkun bayanai na tsaka-tsaki ne ke ayyana ingantaccen ƙirƙira.
Bayan-weld, launi na oxide zai iya gaya maka da yawa. Bambaro zuwa launin ruwan kasa yawanci yana da kyau. Sikelin shuɗi ko launin toka yana nufin kun yi zafi sosai, kuma ƙila kun lalata juriyar lalata a wannan yankin, kuna buƙatar wucewar niƙa mai haske don tsaftace shi.
Matsalolin aikace-aikace da rashin fahimta
Sunanta a aikace-aikacen ruwa ya cancanci, amma ba babban gwarzo na duniya ba ne. Na ga an kayyade shi don sabis na sulfuric acid mai zafi, mai da hankali saboda wani ya ga 'garin nickel mai jure lalata.' Wannan bala'i ne. Monel 400 yana da ƙarancin juriya ga oxidizing acid da salts. A cikin sulfuric acid, yana da kyau a ƙarƙashin deaerated, dilute, ƙananan yanayin zafi, amma jefa cikin iska ko zafi, kuma yana lalata da sauri. Don haka, kuna son kallon Hastelloy B ko C.
Wani abin dubawa na yau da kullun shine lalata galvanic. Kashe babban Monel 400 flange zuwa bututun bakin karfe a cikin ruwan teku. Monel ya fi daraja. Ya zama cathode, kuma bakin karfe, anode, ya lalata sauri. Kuna buƙatar insulating gaskets da hannayen riga. Da alama a bayyane yake, amma a cikin gaggawar don gina tsarin 'lalata-lalata', waɗannan keɓancewar bayanan galibi sune farkon waɗanda za a ƙirƙira ƙima, suna haifar da gazawar da ba a kai ba wanda ake zargi kan kayan.
Sa'an nan akwai stress corrosion cracking (SCC). A cikin mahalli na ruwa, gabaɗaya yana da juriya, wanda shine mabuɗin siyarwa. Amma bijirar da shi ga danshi hydrofluoric acid vapors ko zafi, mayar da hankali alkalis, da SCC ya zama ainihin barazana. Mun ba da wasu gawar Monel 400 ga wata masana'antar sinadarai, kuma sun gaza cikin shekara guda a wani wuri mai zafi mai zafi. Abokin ciniki ya fusata, amma takaddun da suka dogara da shi kawai ya haskaka nasarorin da aka samu a cikin ruwa. Sakamakon mutuwar mutum ya nuna classic transgranular SCC. Gyaran yana canzawa zuwa Nickel 200 don takamaiman sabis ɗin. Ya jaddada cewa zaɓin kayan abu bai taɓa kasancewa game da dukiya ɗaya ba; tsarin yanayin sabis ne.
Sourcing da Sarkar Kaya Mai Aiki
Samun ingantaccen haja na Monel 400, musamman a cikin hadaddun simintin simintin, ba kamar yin odar faranti 304 bane. Kula da sunadarai na narkewa yana da mahimmanci. Abubuwan da aka gano kamar sulfur da gubar, waɗanda suke da jurewa a wasu karafa, suna da bala'i a nan, suna haifar da gajeru mai zafi yayin yin simintin gyare-gyare ko walda. Kuna buƙatar mai siyarwa wanda tushensa yana da ingantaccen rikodin waƙa tare da gami da nickel-Copper.
Wannan shine inda abokin tarayya ke so QSY yana kawo bambanci. Tare da mayar da hankali kan abubuwan gami na musamman, ba kawai mu zuba duk abin da ya shigo ciki ba. Muna samar da nickel da jan ƙarfe na matakin farko, kuma narke yana samun goyan bayan yanayin gani don kowane zafi. Kunshin takaddun shaida ba tunani ba ne; hujja ce ta sinadarai da ke ba da damar sashin yin aiki yadda aka yi niyya. Ga mai ƙirƙira ko OEM, wannan ganowar inshora ce. Kuna iya samun cikakkun bayanai na fasaha da takaddun shaida don ayyukanmu akan rukunin yanar gizon mu a https://www.tsingtaocnc.com.
Lokacin jagoranci wani gaskiya ne. Ba ma'ajin sito ba ne don yawancin siffofi. Don kwandon famfo na al'ada ko babban jikin bawul, kuna kallon tsarin samarwa wanda ya haɗa da yin ƙira, gyare-gyare, zubarwa, maganin zafi (yawanci kawar da damuwa), da NDE mai yawa. Gaggauta shi yana ƙara haɗari da yawa. Na sami abokan ciniki suna buƙatar isar da sati 4 akan hadadden ɓangaren simintin yashi. Hanya daya tilo don buga hakan ita ce samun cikakkiyar tsari akan shiryayye kuma tsallake matakan inganci masu dacewa, waɗanda ba za mu yi ba. Gudanar da waɗannan tsammanin wani ɓangare ne na aikin.
Kudi, ba shakka, shine mai tsaron ƙofa na ƙarshe. Kuna amfani da Monel 400 inda jimillar kuɗin rayuwa ta ke tabbatar da ƙima. Yana da wuya zaɓi mafi arha akan allon zane. Amma lokacin da kuka ƙididdige farashin rufewa don maye gurbin gurɓataccen ɓangaren ƙarfe na carbon a cikin mahimman layin sanyaya ruwan teku, ko haɗarin muhalli na ɗigo, lissafi yana canzawa. Ƙimar ba ta cikin farashin fam ɗin gami; yana cikin shekarun da suka gabata na sabis mara ƙima wanda zai iya bayarwa idan aka yi amfani da shi daidai.
