Lokacin da yawancin masu siye ko ma wasu injiniyoyi suka ji 'OEM sand simintin', suna ɗaukar wani yanki mai ƙasƙanci, mara tsada. Wannan shine farkon kuskure kuma babba. Ba wai kawai yin kwafi masu arha ba ne; game da ƙware tushen tushe, tsari mai ban sha'awa mai ban mamaki don sadar da aiki, abin dogaro a ƙara. Ƙwarewar haƙiƙa tana cikin sanin lokacin amfani da shi, yadda za a tsara shi, da yadda za a sarrafa shi don saduwa da ƙayyadaddun bayanai waɗanda galibi ke ba mutane mamaki.
Rashin Fahimtar Canjin Yashi
Bari mu sami takamaiman. Sassaucin ba kawai girmansa ba ne—ko da yake a, kuna iya jefa ƙaramin sashi ko babban gadon inji. Yana game da daidaitawar kayan aiki da canje-canjen ƙira. Na yi aiki a kan ayyukan da abokin ciniki ya zo mana da wani OEM yashi simintin gyaran kafa zane don ductile baƙin ƙarfe, amma bayan nazarin kaya da kuma sawa alamu, mun ba da shawarar canzawa zuwa ƙananan ƙarfe. Kayan aiki - ƙirar - ya kasance iri ɗaya ne, amma canjin kayan a cikin tsarin yashi ya ba ɓangaren 40% tsawon rayuwar sabis. Wannan darajar ba za ku samu daga siyayya don mafi ƙarancin ƙima ba.
Tsarin kansa gabaɗayan tattaunawa ne. Tsarin itace don samfuri ko gajerun gudu, urethane na ƴan guda ɗari, daga ƙarshe kuma ƙirar ƙarfe don samarwa cikin dubun dubbai. Kowane mataki ne mai tsada vs. girma yanke shawara. Na ga kamfanoni suna ƙone kuɗi ta hanyar tsalle zuwa kayan aikin aluminum don oda 500, ba tare da sanin tsarin itacen zai biya kansa sau goma ba. Tsarin tsarin gating a cikin ƙirar yashi wani fasaha ne na ɓoye. Rashin kyautuwa yana haifar da raguwa, rufewar sanyi, da ɓarnatar ƙarfe. Ba wani abu bane da kuka kammala daga littafin karatu; yana daga ganin an zubo daruruwa ana yanka tarkace don ganin abin da ya faru.
Wannan shi ne inda gwanin kafuwar ya fada. Kamfanin kamar Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), tare da shekarun da suka gabata a cikin wasan kwaikwayo, sun fahimci wannan nuance. Ba kawai a yashi simintin gyare-gyare shago; Ayyukansu na dogon lokaci yana nufin da alama sun gina kuma sun ƙirƙira kan dubban alamu. Wannan ilimin cibiyoyi kan yadda ake karkatar da wani yanki a cikin ƙira, inda za a sanya masu tashi, da yadda ake daidaita allo daban-daban shine ainihin abin da kuke biya.
Inda Ya Dace (Kuma Inda Bai Yi ba)
To yaushe ne OEM yashi simintin gyaran kafa kiran daidai? Don hadaddun, juzu'i ɗaya ko ƙarancin girma a cikin ƙarfe na ƙarfe, galibi ba a iya doke su. Yi tunanin kayan aikin injuna masu nauyi, gidajen famfo, ko manyan jikin bawul. Ƙarshen farfajiyar zai zama mai ƙarfi fiye da simintin saka hannun jari, kuma haƙurin juzu'i ya fi faɗi - yawanci a kusa da +/- 0.5mm akan girman 100mm, ya dogara. Ba za ku iya tsammanin ɗaukar kashi goma na millimita ba. Idan kuna buƙatar hakan, kuna kallon sauran ayyukan su kamar Injin CNC a matsayin aiki na biyu, wanda shine ainihin abin da mai haɗakarwa ke bayarwa.
Na tuna wani aiki don manifold na hydraulic. Zane na farko shine ƙera welded daga karfe farantin karfe. Lokacin jagora ya daɗe, murɗawar walda ya kasance mafarki mai ban tsoro, kuma gwajin matsa lamba yana da ɗigogi. Mun sake tsara shi a matsayin guda ɗaya yashi simintin gyare-gyare a cikin simintin ƙarfe. An ɗora hanyoyin haɗin kai a cikin ƙirar yashi, wanda ya kawar da yawancin walda. Wurin da aka yi simintin yana buƙatar tsaftacewa, amma an yi mashin ɗin a injin niƙa na CNC. Sakamakon ya kasance mafi ƙarfi, ɓangaren tabbatarwa a ƙananan farashin naúrar don ƙarar da ake buƙata. Makullin ba shine ganin simintin yashi azaman gabaɗayan mafita ba, amma azaman mafi kyawun tsarin tushe.
Matsalar gazawa? Ƙoƙarin amfani da shi don sirara-banga, maɗaukakiyar geometries a babban girma. Mun taɓa ƙoƙarin yin yunƙurin mahalli mai tace bakin karfe tare da haƙarƙari masu kyau da yawa. Yashi ba zai iya tattarawa yadda ya kamata a cikin kunkuntar kogon ba, wanda ke haifar da cikas mara daidaituwa da ƙazanta masu rauni. Yawan amfanin ƙasa ya yi muni. Mun canza zuwa simintin gyare-gyaren harsashi don wannan aikin-tsari kuma QSY ya lissafa, wanda shine ainihin tsarin yashi mai ladabi ta amfani da yashi mai rufaffiyar guduro don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai. Sanin iyakar tsari ya ceci aikin.
Mahimman hanyar haɗi: Foundry da Machining
Wannan shi ne bangaren da mutane da yawa suka yi watsi da su. Danye yashi simintin gyare-gyare kusan ba shine kashi na karshe ba. Kuna buƙatar injina don ramukan kulle, saman rufewa, da girma mai mahimmanci. Idan mai simintin simintin ku ya bambanta da shagon injin ku, kuna gayyato matsala. Matsakaicin ma'auni na jujjuya, dabaru suna ƙara farashi, da nuna yatsa yana farawa lokacin da simintin gyare-gyare ba za a iya sarrafa shi ba.
Haɗaɗɗen aiki yana canza komai. Ɗauki misali daga bayanin martabar QSY: suna ba da simintin gyare-gyare da kuma Injin CNC. Wannan yana nufin ƙungiyar mashin ɗin tana aiki tare da tushen daga matakin ƙirar ƙirar. Za su iya ba da shawara kan ƙara kayan inji a wuraren da suka dace, guje wa mahimman abubuwan da ke kusa da layukan rabuwa, da tabbatar da simintin yana da ingantaccen tsarin da zai iya jure maƙeƙaƙe yayin niƙa. An tsara ɓangaren sau ɗaya don dukan tafiyar masana'antu.
Mun koyi wannan hanya mai wuya tun da wuri. An samar da rukunin gidaje na ductile iron gearbox homes zuwa kantin injin. Shagon ya koka game da lalata kayan aiki da tabo mai wuya. Ya juya baya, yawan sanyaya a cikin yashin mu bai yi daidai ba, yana haifar da ɗan bambanci a cikin ƙananan sassa a wasu sassan. Mashinan sun yi ta bugun wuraren da suka fi tsayi. Da mun kasance ƙarƙashin rufin daya, da ra'ayin zai kasance nan da nan-daidaita sanyaya, watakila canza al'adar inoculant-kuma a warware kafin a zubar da duka. Yanzu, koyaushe muna jaddada mahimmancin mai siyarwa wanda ke sarrafa dukkan matakai.
Material Ya Fiye da Takaddun Takaddun Shafi
Abokan ciniki sun ba da darajar kayan kamar ASTM A216 WCB kuma suna tunanin an gama aikin. A ciki yashi simintin gyare-gyare, sa shine kawai farkon girke-girke. Ayyukan narke, maganin ladle, yawan zafin jiki na zub da ruwa a cikin yashi-waɗannan suna bayyana ainihin kayan abu. Ƙarfin ma'auni tare da gami na musamman, kamar tushen nickel ko waɗanda QSY ya ambata, alama ce mai ƙarfi ta sarrafa ƙarfe. Wadannan gami ba su gafartawa; ba daidai ba zazzabi ko gurɓata a cikin yashi m na iya lalata narke.
Misali, zubar da babban chromium baƙin ƙarfe don juriyar abrasion. Idan kun zuba zafi sosai a cikin yashi mai yashi, za ku iya samun sanyi - suna yin ƙarfi sosai, ƙananan carbines daidai a saman, wanda zai iya tashi a cikin sabis. Idan kun zuba mai sanyi sosai, za ku sami ɓarna. Tagan kunkuntar ce. Yana da game da ji da bayanai: kallon ƙurar ƙarfe, duba karatun thermocouple, da sanin kaddarorin zafi na yashi. Wannan ba mai sarrafa kansa ba ne; fasaha ce mai fafutuka.
Wannan ya ƙara zuwa jiyya mai zafi bayan simintin gyare-gyare. A yashi jefa Sashe yakan fito tare da saura damuwa da ƙananan tsarin da ba shi da kyau. Daidaita, quenching da fushi - waɗannan galibi suna da mahimmanci don aiki. Mai ba da cikakken sabis zai sami wannan a cikin gida ko kuma ana sarrafa shi sosai. Ba kwa son simintin rage damuwa ku zauna a cikin babbar mota na tsawon makonni biyu kafin yin injina, mai yuwuwar ɗaukar sabbin damuwa.
Gaskiyar OEM: daidaito a girma
OEM in OEM yashi simintin gyaran kafa yana nufin samarwa mai maimaitawa. Wannan shi ne bangare mafi wuya. Yin simintin mai kyau ɗaya abu ne mai sauƙi. Yin na 10,000 ya zama daidai da na 1 shine ƙalubale. Yashi ya ƙasƙantar da shi, sawa da ƙima, da labulen tanderun sun canza. Gudanar da tsari shine komai. Yana nufin tsauraran bincike na simintin gyare-gyare na farko, ba kawai sassan ƙarshe ba. Yana nufin gwaji na ɓarna lokaci-lokaci-yanke simintin gyare-gyare don bincika sautin ciki da ƙananan tsarin-ko da a lokacin oda.
Tsari mai amfani da muke amfani da shi shine sarrafa tsarin ƙididdiga akan maɓalli masu mahimmanci daga sassan simintin, kafin yin injina. Kuna ganin abubuwan da ke faruwa. Idan wurin buɗaɗɗen ya fara nitsewa, ƙila farantin ƙirar suna sanye da injin gyare-gyaren yana buƙatar daidaitawa. Kama shi da wuri yana hana guntun tarkace. Don haɗin gwiwar OEM na gaskiya, mai siyarwa yana buƙatar samun wannan tunanin. Ba batun dubawa ba ne don warware ɓarna ba; yana da game da sarrafa tsari don haka ba a yi sassa mara kyau ba.
Duban kyautar kamfani da aka daɗe, kamar tarihin shekaru 30 da aka lura don QSY, cewa tsawon rai yakan yi magana game da ikon kiyaye irin wannan daidaito. Sun ga tsarin yashin su yana tasowa, haɓaka fasahar gyare-gyaren su, kuma suna da bayanai cikin shekarun da suka gabata. Ga OEM, waccan bayanan tsari na tarihi ɓoyayyun kadari ne lokacin cancantar sabon sashi. Za su iya cewa, Don nau'in lissafi mai kama da haka a cikin karfe 4340, ga ma'aunin raguwar da muka yi amfani da shi, kuma ga yanayin gamawar da muka samu. Wannan yana rage haɗarin ku da lokacin haɓakawa sosai.
A ƙarshe, nasara OEM yashi simintin gyaran kafa ba siyan kaya ba ne. Haɗin gwiwar fasaha ne akan ingantacciyar hanyar masana'antu ta tattalin arziki. Yana buƙatar mai siyarwa wanda ke gani sama da ƙirƙira ga duka kayan da tsarin rayuwa. Lokacin da ya danna, yana ba da sassan da suke da tauri, masu tsada, kuma masu dogaro gabaɗaya-daidai abin da OEM ke buƙata.
