Lokacin da abokan ciniki suka yi tambaya game da farashin simintin yashi, abu na farko da na gaya musu shi ne su manta farashin kowane kilo da za su iya gani a kan layi. Wannan shine babban tarko. Ainihin farashin ba kawai nauyin ƙarfe ba ne; duk abin da ke faruwa ne kafin narkakkar ƙarfen ma ya taɓa yashi. Na shafe shekaru a wuraren da aka samo asali, kuma takardun ƙididdiga da suka zo a kan tebur na sau da yawa suna rasa ɓoyewar direbobi. Ba wai don nemo mafi arha ba, a'a, fahimtar abin da kuke biya ne. Bari mu karya shi daga tsarin sama.
Inda Kuɗin Ke Tafiya: Yana farawa da Tsarin
Kowane mutum yana mai da hankali kan kayan - simintin simintin gyare-gyare, baƙin ƙarfe, ƙarfe. Amma farashin ƙirar shine mai kashe kasafin kuɗi na shiru, musamman don ƙananan ƙananan gudu. Tsarin katako mai sauƙi don gidaje na kayan aiki guda ɗaya? Wataƙila ana iya sarrafawa. Amma idan kuna buƙatar kwanciyar hankali na juzu'i don guda 500, kuna kallon ƙirar ƙarfe da aka ƙera. Wannan jarin ne mai lamba biyar kafin ku yi sashi guda. Zaɓin a nan yana ƙaddamar da komai: ingancin mold, kusurwoyin tsarawa, yuwuwar yankewa. Yi kuskuren tsarin, kuma farashin ku na kowace raka'a ya yi tashin gwauron zabi saboda gyaran hannun da ake buƙata akan kowane simintin gyare-gyare. Na ga ayyuka inda farashin ƙirar ya wuce jimillar kuɗin simintin gyare-gyare na rukunin farko. Kuɗaɗen jari ne wanda ke buƙatar a gyara shi, kuma ba duk masu samar da kayayyaki ba ne suke fayyace game da hakan.
Sannan akwai akwatunan core. Idan ɓangaren ku yana da kogo na ciki, kuna buƙatar ƙira. Kowane cibiya yana buƙatar akwatinsa don samar da sifofin yashi. Ƙarin rikitarwa = ƙarin akwatuna = ƙarin kayan aiki na gaba. Wannan shi ne inda aiki tare da gogaggen abokin tarayya kamar Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) yana kawo bambanci. Tare da shekaru 30 na aikin simintin gyare-gyare, sun san yadda ake ƙirƙira ƙira da kwalaye masu mahimmanci don ƙirƙira, galibi suna ba da shawarar ƙananan canje-canje waɗanda ke rage wahalar kayan aiki ba tare da shafar aikin ba. Wannan injiniyan gaba-gaba ne ke sarrafa ƙarshen baya kudin simintin yashi.
Kayan samfurin yana da mahimmanci kuma. Don dogon gudu, karfe ne kawai hanya. Amma na taɓa turawa don ƙirar epoxy don matsakaicin gudu na jikin bawul ɗin bakin karfe, ina tunanin za mu adana. Mugun motsi. Zafi da ƙazanta daga yashi na silica sun sa yanayin ƙasa ta zagayowar 100th, yana gabatar da bambance-bambancen da ya haifar da zubar da simintin gyare-gyare. An share abin da ake zaton ceto ta hanyar kin amincewa. Darasi? Kada ku yi arha akan kayan aiki. Tsarin shine ginshiƙin tsarin kuɗin ku duka.
Masu Laifin Boye: Haɓaka da Ƙarshe
Amfani shine sirrin datti na kudin simintin yashi. Kuna oda kilogiram 100 na simintin gyare-gyare, amma dole ne ku zuba kilo 150 na narkakkar karfe. Me yasa? Tsarin gating da masu tashi-waɗannan tashoshi waɗanda ke ciyar da ƙarfe a cikin rami na mold - wani ɓangare ne na nauyin da aka zubar amma ana yanke su kuma a sake yin fa'ida. Yawan amfanin ƙasa shine adadin da aka zubar wanda ya zama ɓangaren jigilar kaya na ƙarshe. Sashi mai sarƙaƙƙiya, ɓangaren sirara na iya samun yawan amfanin ƙasa 50% ko ƙasa da haka. Don haka, farashin kayan ku ya ninka yadda ya kamata. Masu ba da kaya tare da ƙarancin sarrafa tsari suna da ƙarancin amfanin ƙasa, kuma kuna biyan wannan sharar gida.
Wannan shi ne inda ƙwarewar tsari ke raba shaguna. Kamfanonin da ke haɓaka ƙirar gating da yin amfani da software na kwaikwayo na iya haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa. Na tuna da wani aiki na babban madaidaicin madaidaicin ƙarfe a QSY. Injiniyoyinsu sun sake fasalin gating, suna motsawa daga babban ƙofar gargajiya zuwa tsarin cikewar ƙasa mai sarrafawa. Ya kara yawan amfanin gona daga 58% zuwa 72%. Canji guda ɗaya ya sauke kudin simintin yashi da kusan 8% a gefen kayan kawai. Ba sihiri ba ne; ana amfani da ƙarfe da kuzarin ruwa.
Sai ya zo yana gamawa. Nawa Injin CNC ana bukata? Yashi simintin gyare-gyare yana ba ku siffa ta kusa-talla, amma filaye masu mahimmanci koyaushe suna buƙatar injina. Kowane milimita na hannun jari da kuka bari don injina karin ƙarfe ne da kuka biya don jefawa, sannan ƙarin lokacin ku biya don yanke. Na yi jayayya da masu zanen kaya na tsawon sa'o'i a kan ƙara izinin injin injin 1mm akan fuskar da ba ta da mahimmanci tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙarewar simintin simintin. Wannan 1mm a fadin babban fili yana ƙara nauyi, yana rage yawan amfanin ƙasa, kuma yana ƙara lokacin injina. Tsabar kudi ce. Mafi kyawun al'ada ita ce zayyana musaya masu aiki kawai azaman saman injina. Bari wasan ya zama wasan kwaikwayo a ko'ina kuma.
Girma da Geometry: Dangantakar da Ba ta Layi ba
Kudin ba ya daidaita daidai da ƙara. Guda 100 na farko sun fi tsada saboda suna ɗaukar cikakken nauyin tsari da saiti. Ƙimar farashin tana faɗuwa sosai bayan ƴan ɗaruruwan guda, yayin da kawai kuke ɗaukar nau'ikan farashi kamar ƙarfe, makamashi, da aiki don gyare-gyare. Amma akwai wani dutse: geometry. Siffa mai sauƙi, mai toshewa yana da arha don ƙirƙira da tushe. Ƙara gungu na haƙarƙari na ciki, ganuwar bakin ciki kusa da sassa masu kauri, ko jure juriya akan girman simintin, kuma kuna neman matsala.
Yankuna masu kauri suna kwantar da hankali a hankali, suna haifar da raguwar porosity. Ƙananan sassan sanyi da sauri. Haɗa su tare, kuma kuna ƙirƙirar wuraren damuwa da hawaye masu zafi. Sa'an nan kamfen ɗin dole ne ya ƙara sanyi (ƙarfe a cikin yashi) ko masu tashi na musamman don sarrafa ƙarfi, wanda ke ƙara aiki da rikitarwa. Na koyi wannan hanya mai wuya tare da ƙirar gidaje na famfo. Muna da flange 3mm kusa da shugaba mai hawa 25mm. Simintin ya ci gaba da fashewa. Maganin shine don ƙara fillet da sauye-sauye a hankali, wanda ƙungiyar ƙirar ta fara tsayayya da dalilai masu kyau. Mun yi shi duk da haka, tsagewar ta tsaya, kuma farashin ya sauko saboda yawan kin amincewa ya ragu. Wani lokaci, ƙira don tsari shine babban mai tanadin farashi.
Wannan ita ce ƙimar haɗe-haɗen shagunan da ke sarrafa duka simintin gyare-gyare da Injin CNC. Kamfanin kamar QSY, wanda ke ba da duka biyu, na iya ba da shawara daga farko. Suna iya cewa, Bar wannan bangon azaman simintin simintin gyare-gyare, amma sanya wannan ƙarancin girman 2mm don mu iya sarrafa shi zuwa cikakkiyar gamawa da haƙuri. Suna ganin duk tafiya daga rairayi zuwa gamawa, don haka shawarar farashin su cikakke ne, ba rarrabuwa ba.
Tatsuniyar Abu: Ba Duk Iron Ne Daidai ba
Simintin ƙarfe ne kawai kalmar da ta sa na yi nasara. baƙin ƙarfe mai launin toka, baƙin ƙarfe ductile, baƙin ƙarfe austempered ductile iron (ADI)—kowanne yana da farashin albarkatun ƙasa daban-daban da buƙatun sarrafawa. Iron ductile yana buƙatar maganin magnesium, wanda ya kara matakai da farashi. Alloys na musamman? Wata duniyar kenan. QSY ya lissafa kayan kamar alade na tushen nickel, wanda zai iya kashe sau 10-20 fiye da kowane kilo fiye da daidaitaccen ƙarfe mai launin toka. Amma mafi girman farashi ba kawai farashin ingot ba; shi ne handling. Wadannan allunan galibi suna buƙatar kulawar narkewa, yashi daban-daban don hana kamuwa da cuta, da kuma na musamman na maganin zafi.
Zaɓin kayan da ya dace shine cin kasuwa mai tsada. Na yi aiki a kan faranti don kayan aikin hakar ma'adinai. Takaddun bayanai na farko shine don babban farin ƙarfe na chromium don matsananciyar juriyar abrasion. The kudin simintin yashi yana da girma, kuma yin amfani da shi daga baya ya zama mafarki mai ban tsoro. Mun yi samfuri da shi a cikin ƙaramin ƙarfe mai ƙanƙara tare da tauri mai rufi. Ya yi 80% kuma don 50% na jimlar farashin. Abokin ciniki ya yi farin ciki. Matsayin tushen shine gabatar da waɗannan zaɓuɓɓuka, ba kawai aiwatar da bugu a makance ba.
Yawan tarkace kuma ya dogara da kayan aiki. Kayayyakin karyewa sun fi saurin karyewa yayin girgiza (cire yashi) ko yanke kofofin. Matsakaicin adadin kuɗin da aka ɗora cikin shiru yana haɓaka ƙimar ku mai inganci kowane bangare mai kyau. Amintaccen tushen tushe zai sami tsayayyen matakai don kiyaye wannan ƙimar ƙasa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa tsawon rai a cikin kasuwancin, kamar shekaru talatin na QSY, galibi yana daidaitawa da ƙananan farashin ɓoye. Sun ga gazawar kuma sun gina tsarin don guje musu.
Bayan Magana: Jimlar Kudin Mallaka
A ƙarshe, ainihin kudin simintin yashi shine jimlar kudin mallakar. Yin simintin arha wanda ya gaza a filin ko kuma ya haifar da sake yin aiki na makonni a shagon injin ku shine mafi tsadan ɓangaren da zaku taɓa saya. Daidaituwa shine mabuɗin. Shin simintin gyare-gyare na 500 zai zama iri ɗaya da na farko? Bambancin girma yana rinjayar layin haɗin ku. Haɗuwa ko rashin ƙarfi na iya haifar da ɗigogi ko gazawar tsari.
Wannan shine inda takaddun shaida da takaddun tsari ke da mahimmanci. Takaddun shaida mai dacewa, rahoton binciken labarin farko, sigogin sarrafa tsari-waɗannan suna ƙara sliver zuwa farashin rukunin amma suna adana arziki cikin haɗari. Don abubuwa masu mahimmanci, koyaushe ina yin kasafin kuɗi don wannan. Yana da inshora.
Don haka, lokacin da kuke kimantawa kudin simintin yashi, duba bayan layin ƙasa akan zance. Yi tambayoyi game da dabarun ƙira, tambaya game da amfanin da ake sa ran, fahimtar taswirar ƙarshe, kuma zaɓi abokin tarayya wanda ya ga hoton gaba ɗaya. Manufar ba shine mafi ƙanƙanta farashin kowane yanki ba; shine mafi ƙanƙancin jimlar farashi don abin dogaro, ɓangaren aiki wanda ke fitar da samfuran ku kofa. Wannan shine lissafin da ke da mahimmanci a farfajiyar masana'anta.
