Lokacin da wani ya ce 'ɓangarorin simintin ƙarfe,' galibi suna tunanin dunƙule na ƙarfe wanda bai dace da zane ba. Daga nan ne matsalar ta fara. Ainihin labarin ba a cikin nau'in kayan abu a kan takarda-yana cikin sautin sautin da sashi ya yi lokacin da kake danna shi, tsarin hatsi a ƙarƙashin microscope bayan gwajin gwagwarmayar rashin nasara, da kuma muhawara marar iyaka tsakanin 'mai kyau' da 'zai riƙe har tsawon shekaru goma.' Bakin? Wannan wata dabba ce gaba ɗaya; ba kawai 'karfe da ba ya tsatsa.' Na ga ayyuka da yawa sun tsaya tsayin daka saboda an fi mayar da hankali kan ilmin sinadarai ne ba kan tsarin da ke mayar da wannan sinadari zuwa wani abu mai aiki, abin dogaro ba.
Wasan Shell: Daidaitawa Ba Game da Haƙuri kawai ba ne
Muna gudu da yawa harsashi mold simintin gyaran kafa nan. Mutane suna zaɓe shi don ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙasa, amma sau da yawa suna rasa mahimmin lokacin da aka riga aka yi. Haɗin guduro-yashi, lokacin warkewa, kaurin harsashi — girke-girke ne, ba kafaffen wuri ba. Rukunin harsashi da suka warke a rana mai zafi suna da halaye daban-daban. Mun taba samun gudu na 316L bakin karfe simintin sassa don kayan aikin ruwa inda harsashi ya ɗan ɗan warke. Sakamakon ba gazawar bala'i ba ne; wani fili ne mai hankali yana huda kan wuraren da ba su da mahimmanci, kusan kamar bawon lemu. Sassan sun wuce gwaje-gwaje masu girma amma sun yi kyau. Abokin ciniki bai ji daɗi ba. Ba gazawar abin duniya ba ne; wani tsari ne da ba mu kiyaye shi sosai ba. Abin da ke faruwa ke nan: tsarin ƙirar wani ɓangare ne na aikin ƙarshe na kayan.
Simintin saka hannun jari yana samun ƙarin ƙauna don daidaitonsa, amma yana gabatar da nasa nau'ikan masu canji. Misalin kakin zuma, hawan keke mai slurry, hanyar cirewa-kowane mataki na iya haifar da damuwa ko ƙaramar murdiya kafin a zubar da kowane ƙarfe. Don high-nickel alloys, wannan yana da mahimmanci. Rashin daidaituwa a haɓakar zafi tsakanin harsashi yumbura da ƙarfe yayin sanyaya na iya haifar da tsagewar zafi. Ba koyaushe kake ganinsa da ido ba. Yana iya nunawa daga baya yayin injina ko cikin damuwa. Takeaway? Ƙayyade simintin saka hannun jari ba harsashin sihiri ba ne. Dole ne ku ƙididdigewa, ko aiki tare da tushen da ke fahimta, dukan sarkar.
Wannan shine inda ƙwarewar shago na dogon lokaci ke da mahimmanci. Kamfanin kamar Fasahar Qingdao Qiangsenyuan (QSY), tare da shekaru 30 da suka yi na yin simintin gyare-gyare da injina, da alama sun ga irin wannan gazawar sau ɗari. Wannan tarihin ba layin talla ba ne kawai; ɗakin karatu ne na tunani na abin da zai iya faruwa ba daidai ba. Yana fassara zuwa yadda suke saita ayyukan su. Ba kawai suna zuba karfe a cikin rami ba; suna sarrafa yanayin zafi da sinadarai daga tsari zuwa gama sashi.
Material Mafari ne, Ba Garanti ba
Abokan ciniki suna aiko mana da cikakkun bayanai: ASTM A351 CF8M ko AISI 4140. Wannan shine sashi mai sauƙi. Abu mai wuya shine sanin cewa CF8M (simintin simintin daidai da bakin karfe 316) daga narke ɗaya na iya bambanta da wani dangane da aikin deoxidation, zub da zafin jiki, har ma da tarkace da ke shiga cikin tanderun. Mun yi injin bawul ɗin bawul sau ɗaya inda rayuwar kayan aiki ta kasance da rashin daidaituwa. Takaddun shaida sun kasance cikakke. A ƙarƙashin ikon, bambancin rarraba carbide ya fito fili. Narken sunadarai 'a cikin ƙayyadaddun bayanai,' amma labarin ƙarfafawa bai yi kyau ba.
Wannan gaskiya ne musamman ga abin da ake kira musamman gami- tushen cobalt, kayan nickel. Ƙarfinsu ya zama mafarki mai ban tsoro idan aka kwatanta da carbon karfe. Suna da ɗanɗano, masu saurin rarrabuwa, kuma suna ƙin canjin zafin jiki kwatsam. Nasara tare da waɗannan kayan ba shi da ƙarancin samun tanderu kuma ƙari game da haƙuri da ƙa'idodi. Yana da game da sarrafawar zub da jini, wani lokacin har ma da vacuum ko garkuwar argon, da takamaiman tsarin sarrafa zafin jiki yayin sanyaya. Ba za ku iya gaggawar shi ba. Aikin gaggawa akan sashin Hastelloy C zai fashe, tabbas. Kudin ba kawai a cikin kayan da aka yi ba; yana cikin lokaci da yanayin sarrafawa da ake buƙata don daidaita shi.
Yin aiki tare da kewayon kayan aiki, daga jefa baƙin ƙarfe to nickel alloys, tilasta ku sake saita tunanin ku don kowane aiki. Abin da ke aiki don gidan famfo na ƙarfe na ductile zai lalata babban abin bakin ciki na duplex. Kamfanonin da ke sarrafa wannan yaduwar, kamar QSY ya ambata suna yi, dole ne suyi aiki kusan kamar shaguna na musamman da yawa a ƙarƙashin rufin ɗaya. Tunani don baƙin ƙarfe launin toka ya bambanta da tunani don sassan simintin karfe a cikin sabis na lalata.
Hannun Hannun: Lokacin da Casting Ya Haɗu da CNC
Wannan shine lokacin yin-ko-karya da yawancin wuraren da aka samo asali na wasan kwaikwayo suka yi watsi da su. Kun samar da wani kyakkyawan simintin 'kusa' mai girma. Yanzu ya tafi zuwa machining bene. Idan ba a buga ƙungiyar mashin ɗin cikin tsarin simintin gyare-gyare ba, za su zargi kowace matsala a kan tushen, kuma akasin haka. Na kasance cikin tarurrukan da suka kasance kawai: wasan zargi. Masu injinan sun sami wuri mai wuya wanda ke lalata kayan aiki-shin hada da yashi ne ko sanyi? Ma'aikatar ta ce zanen ya yi kira ga sashin ya kasance mai kauri.
Haɗe-haɗe Injin CNC babbar fa'ida ce, amma idan an haɗa sadarwar kuma. Mafi kyawun al'amuran shine lokacin da ma'aikacin mashin ɗin zai iya komawa wurin da ake ganowa ya ce, Hey, muna ganin daidaiton porosity a cikin wannan wurin da aka dasa a kan simintin gyare-gyare na uku, kuma mutanen da ke fakewa za su iya duba ƙirar gating ko riser na wannan wurin nan da nan. Yana da ainihin-lokaci, amsa mai amfani. Lokacin da yin simintin gyare-gyare da injina keɓaɓɓu ne daban-daban, wannan madaidaicin amsa yana da jinkirin gaske kuma sau da yawa gaba.
Mun koyi wannan ta hanyar jerin juzu'in famfo. Simintin gyare-gyaren sun yi kyau, amma lokacin ban sha'awa, za mu sami ɗan zance. Batun ba inji ko girman simintin ba. Shi ne saura danniya a cikin bakin karfe simintin gyaran kafa daga rashin daidaituwar sanyaya. Maganin ba shine canza ƙirar simintin ba sosai; shi ne don ƙara matakan sauƙi na damuwa na girgiza kafin yin nauyi mai nauyi. Tawagar kafuwar ba ta yi la'akari da shi ba saboda ɓangaren ya haɗu da ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Ƙungiyar mashin ɗin sun yi tunanin cewa kayan yana da 'tauri.' Cike wannan gibin ya warware shi. Mai sayarwa wanda ke ba da sabis guda biyu a zahiri yana da mafi kyawun damar magance waɗannan matsalolin mu'amala.
Gazawa Malami Ne Fiye da Cikakken Gudu
Bari muyi magana game da ainihin. Abokin ciniki yana son ƙwanƙwasa na al'ada don slurry sinadarai. An kayyade abu azaman babban farin ƙarfe na chromium don juriyar abrasion. Mun jefa shi, mun sarrafa shi, ya yi kama da kyau. Ya gaza a filin cikin makonni, yana fashe daga cibiyar waje. Bayan mutuwar mutum ya nuna fashewar karaya ce, ba lalacewa ba. Mun kasance mai mai da hankali sosai kan juriya na abrasion mun yi watsi da tasiri da girgizar thermal. Gyaran ba wani tsarin yin simintin ba ne daban; ya kasance wani zaɓi ne na kayan daban gaba ɗaya-mafi ƙarfi, ƙarancin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi tare da murfin kariya. Mun ci nasarar sake yin oda saboda mun koya kuma mun gabatar da nazarin ƙarfe. Abokin ciniki ya fi amincewa da mu bayan gazawar, saboda mun fahimci dalilin da ya sa ya kasa.
Waɗannan abubuwan sun tsara abin da kuke nema. Lokacin da na ga fayil ɗin kamfani a yanzu, hotuna masu haske ba su burge ni sosai kuma na fi sha'awar hadaddun, sassa masu siffa-wadanda suka gabatar da ƙalubale. Waɗanda kila sun yi gazawa ko biyu a tarihinsu. Wannan gwaninta ce ta gaske. Bambanci ne tsakanin shagon da ke bin umarni da wanda ke ba da hukunci.
Abin da ya sa, lokacin da ake kimanta abokin tarayya, shekarun su na aiki da kewayon kayan aiki, kamar shekaru 30+ da ƙwarewar gami da aka ambata ta QSY, alamar zurfin da ke zuwa daga saduwa-da warware-waɗannan matsalolin da ba na littafin rubutu ba. Wataƙila sun aika da wasu sassan da ba su yi alfahari da su ba, tun da wuri, kuma wannan ƙwarewar tana sanar da sarrafa tsarin su na yanzu.
Cikakkun bayanai marasa sexy waɗanda ke da mahimmanci
A ƙarshe, babu wanda ke jin daɗi game da gating da ƙira ta tashi, amma ita ce zuciyar ɗimbin sauti. Ba wai kawai game da ciyar da karfe ba; yana game da ƙarfafawar kwatance. Kuna son sashin ya ƙarfafa daga mafi nisa zuwa baya zuwa ga mai tashi, don haka raguwar porosity yana ƙarewa a cikin mai tashi, ba ɓangaren ba. Don kauri sashin simintin karfe kamar gear blank, wannan yana da mahimmanci. Yi kuskure, kuma kuna samun yanki na spongy na tsakiya wanda zai iya wuce UT idan ƙarami ne, amma zai kashe rayuwar gajiya.
Wani daki-daki mara kyau: jiyya mai zafi bayan jefa. Don yawancin carbon carbon da ƙananan ƙarfe, ya zama tilas don rage damuwa da daidaita tsarin. Amma sake zagayowar yana da mahimmanci. Yayi sauri sosai, kuma kuna saita sabbin damuwa. Da sannu sannu, kuma kuna ɓata kuzari. Don bakin karfe, musamman maki kamar 17-4 PH, maganin zafi shine matakin ma'anar dukiya. Ba ku kawai dumama da sanyaya; kun tsufa don haɓaka matakan taurare. Rasa yanayin zafi ko lokaci, kuma kayan aikin injina sun kashe, koda simintin ya kasance cikakke.
Wannan shi ne niƙa na yin kyau karfe / bakin karfe simintin sassa. Yana da sarkar ɗari ƙananan yanke shawara, daga shagon ƙirar zuwa tanderun maganin zafi. Babu dabarar sihiri guda ɗaya. Yana game da daidaito, faɗakarwa, da zurfi, wani lokacin mai raɗaɗi, ɗakin karatu na sakamakon da ya gabata. Makasudin ba shine kawai yin bangare ba; shi ne don yin ɓangaren da ke ɓacewa cikin taron abokin ciniki kuma yana aiki, ba tare da wata matsala ba, tsawon shekaru. Wannan shine ainihin alamar nasara, kuma shine ke raba mai siyar da sassa da abokin haɗin gwiwar masana'anta.
