Ke kuhikuhi nei nā mea ʻenekinia i nā ʻāpana mīkini hoʻoheheʻe kobalt no nā pamu hydraulic, nā kīwaha downhole, a i ʻole nā ʻaʻahu winch lole kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole lākou e koho wale i kahi mea - ke koho nei lākou i ke kūpaʻa dimensional ma lalo o ke kaomi 300 MPa, ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka galling ma 650 ° C, a me ka microstructural consistency ma waena o 500 mau ʻāpana. ʻO ia ke kumu o ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi mea hilinaʻi hale hana ʻāpana mīkini ʻāpana cobalt kakaʻikahi e pau me nā kumu kūʻai. Hoʻomaka ia me ke kuleana metala, ka mana kaʻina hana multi-axis, a me ka ʻae ʻole no ka hoʻokaʻawale carbide ma AMS 5387 a i ʻole T800-grade castings.
No ke aha e koi ai nā ʻāpana cobalt ma mua o ka mana CNC maʻamau
ʻO nā superalloys hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Cobalt e like me Stellite 6B, Haynes 188, a me nā mea hoʻokumu T800 proprietary e pale aku i ka ʻaʻahu a me ka ʻino-akā naʻe lākou e wili pū i nā mea hana 3-5x ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o ke kila kila. Ua ʻike mākou i nā hale kūʻai e ʻōlelo ana i nā lima lima nozzle cobalt e ʻoki wale i ka 40% o nā ʻāpana holo mua ma muli o ka haʻalulu o ka ʻili o ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma nā lua o loko. ʻO ke kumu kumu? ʻO nā mea hana paʻa paʻa ʻole e nānā ʻole i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wela ma waena o ka cobalt (10.4 µm/m·K) a me nā papa hoʻopaʻa alumini. Ma QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., hoʻomaka kēlā me kēia hana cobalt me ka palapala ʻāina uku wela—i hōʻoia ʻia e ka nānā ʻana i ka infrared i ke kaʻina hana i ka wā o ka roughing pass. Pēlā mākou e paʻa ai ± 0.008 mm pōʻai ma luna o 120-mm-diameter cobalt alloy plugs me ka mālama ʻana iā Ra ≤0.4 µm ma luna o ka sila.
ʻEhā mau mea hiki ke kūʻai ʻole ʻia o kahi hale hana ʻāpana mīkini ʻāpana cobalt alloy
Pono ka hale hana e koi ana i ka ʻike cobalt ma mua o ka ʻoki wikiwiki. Ma muli o 12 mau makahiki o ka hana ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana pump-system, ua hoʻokaʻawale kēia mau mana ʻehā i nā hoa i hōʻoia ʻia mai nā mea kūʻai manaʻolana:
- Hiki ke hiki i ka helu wela-ʻaʻole wale nā palapala wili. ʻO ka hana a Cobalt e pili ana i ke kalapona pololei a me ka ʻike tungsten; he 0.02% ka hoʻokaʻawale kalapona ma AMS 5387 e hoʻololi i ka paʻakikī mai ka 42 HRC a i ka 49 HRC, e pilikia ana i ka haki ʻana i ka hoʻouka ʻana.
- Hoʻohui ʻia ka hoʻolei ʻana-i-machine workflow-ʻaʻohe lima lima ma waena o ka hale kūʻai a me ka mīkini. E emi me ka manaʻo ʻole o nā hale hoʻolimalima hoʻolele kobalt ke ʻole ke kuhikuhi ʻana o nā mea hana machining i nā hiʻohiʻona like-cast datum. Mīkini mākou i nā hale cylinder i loko o 72 mau hola o ka haʻalulu, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka CMM like i hōʻoia i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana.
- ʻO ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka wela- Pono ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka hopena ma mua o ka mīkini hope loa e hoʻomaha i ke koʻikoʻi i koe. Akā ʻo ka over-annealing e hoʻopau i ka chromium carbide, e hōʻemi ana i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion. Hoʻopili ʻia kā mākou mau pahu kapuahi me ka helu serial o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana a pili i nā hōʻike CMM post-heat.
- Hōʻoia GD&T ma mua o ka ʻoki ʻana— ʻoi loa no ka ʻae ʻana i ka ʻike ma nā nozzle cobalt. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kahi ʻōlelo kikoʻī 0.05 mm ma kahi noho conical me nā wili hope maʻamau. Hoʻohālike mākou i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ke ala hana ma VERICUT, a laila e hōʻoia me nā ʻōkuhi contour optical — ʻaʻole nā CMM wale nō.
Ma kahi i hāʻule ʻole ai nā mea hoʻolako maʻamau - a pehea ka pane ʻana o nā hale hana pololei
Hana kekahi mau mea hana i ka cobalt e like me ke kila paʻakikī: nā hānai like, ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa like, ka pinepine o ka nānā ʻana. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka wela ma ka ʻoki ʻoki. Ua ʻike mākou i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka pāpaʻi paʻakai ma hope o 200 mau hola i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka cobalt alloy 6 o ka mea kūʻai aku—ʻaʻole mai nā hemahema waiwai, akā mai nā micro-cracks i hoʻoulu ʻia e ka puʻe wai hoʻoluʻu kūpono ʻole (ʻoi aku ma mua o 12 bar ma 3-mm-diameter internal drills). ʻO kā mākou hoʻonā? ʻO ka lubrication liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi (MQL) me ka ʻaila ester-based, hāʻawi ʻia ma 80 psi ma o nā nozzles through-spindle, i hui pū ʻia me RPM spindle. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka pono o ka ʻili i ka 70%, a ua pālua ke ola mea hana.
ʻO kekahi āpau maʻamau: hoʻāʻo hana. ʻAʻole "hana" kahi plug cobalt i ka wā e hala ana nā ana. Pono ia e sila ma 414 bar i ka wā e huli ana ma 120 rpm e kū'ē i nā noho kuhili 420 paʻakikī. Hoʻāʻo mākou i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana ma nā rigs hydraulic i hana ʻia e hoʻihoʻi i ka torque lawelawe maoli, ka mahana, a me ke kaomi ʻana i ka ʻikepili i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a kaʻana like me nā mea kūʻai.
Ke koho ʻana i kāu ʻāpana mīkini ʻāpana cobalt alloy: papa inoa hana
Ma mua o ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā kiʻi, e nīnau i kēia mau nīnau ʻelima - a koi i nā pane i kākau ʻia:
- Hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i nā moʻolelo pōʻaiapuni hoʻōla wela no nā pahu AMS 5387 hope ʻekolu i hoʻouna ʻia?
- He aha kou lōʻihi i kākoʻo ʻole ʻia no 8-mm-diameter cobalt i loko—a he aha ka ʻōnaehana mea hana e hoʻokō ai?
- Hana ʻoe i ka hoʻāʻo ultrasonic post-machining ma nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa ma mua o 25 mm?
- Pehea ʻoe e hōʻoia ai i ka pono o ka ʻili ma nā noho pahu pahu cobalt machined? (Nā pane ʻae ʻia: ana keʻokeʻo-etch layer, microhardness gradient mapping, a i ʻole SEM fractography—ʻaʻole wale nā heluhelu Ra.)
- Hiki iā ʻoe ke paʻa i ke kūlana ʻoiaʻiʻo o ± 0.015 mm ma nā anawaena coaxial ʻekolu i ka hoʻonohonoho hoʻokahi no ka wili pahu kobalt waena 180-mm lōʻihi?
Inā ʻaʻole maopopo, hoʻopaneʻe, a kuhikuhi paha i nā "kaʻina hana maʻamau," e nānā mau. ʻAʻole kala ʻo Cobalt i nā manaʻo.
Manaʻo hope: ʻaʻole ʻo ka pololei kahi ʻāpana-he kaʻina
ʻO nā ʻāpana kobalt ikaika loa e puka mai ana mai ka hoʻopili paʻa ʻana ma waena o ka ʻepekema waiwai, ka physics mīkini, a me ka hōʻoia hana. Ma QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻoponopono ka poʻe hoʻolele kemika i ka ʻike vanadium e pili ana i ka ukana machining o ka pule aʻe, hoʻoponopono nā mea papahana CNC i nā helu hānai no kēlā me kēia mau mea paahana manawa maoli, a hōʻole nā mea ʻenekini maikaʻi i kahi ʻāpana e hele ana i nā loiloi GD&T inā hāʻule kona ʻili koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi ma waho o ka pae -5000a MP. ʻO kēlā kaʻina—mea → kaʻina → ana → hana—ʻo ia ke kumu e hoʻihoʻi ai nā ʻenekinia no ka hui ʻana o nā ʻāpana mīkini hana cobalt alloy i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻAʻole ana ʻia ka pololei ma nā microns wale nō. Ua ana ma ka hilinai.
