Ke lohe ka nui o ka poʻe i ka 'martensitic stainless steel', noʻonoʻo koke lākou i ka 'paʻakikī'. ʻAʻole hewa ia, akā ʻo ia ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka nui o nā kuhi hewa i ke kūʻai ʻana a me ka noi. ʻAʻole pili wale ka moʻolelo maoli i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi helu Rockwell C kiʻekiʻe; e pili ana i ka hulahula koʻikoʻi ma waena o ke kemika, ka mālama wela, a me nā ʻoihana kūʻai ʻole. Ua ʻike au i ka nui o nā papahana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka mea ua kuhikuhi kekahi i ka generic 410 a i ʻole 420 no ka 'corrosion resistance a me ka ikaika' me ka ʻole o ka hopu ʻana i ka mea e pili ana i ka papahele o ka hale kūʻai. ʻO nā māwae kinai ʻana, ka nui o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana ma hope o ka paʻakikī, ka nele o ka paʻakikī i ka mea i ʻike ʻia me he mea paʻa - ʻo ia nā haʻawina maoli. ʻAʻole kēia he puke haʻawina; ʻo ia kāu e aʻo ai ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana i kekahi mau pūʻulu.
ʻO ke ʻano kumu a me kona mau hopena maʻamau
E wehe hou kakou. Ke kila kila ʻole Martensitic ʻo ia ka mea paʻakikī Fe-Cr-C alloy. ʻO ke kī ʻo ka hoʻololi martensitic—he kinai wikiwiki ʻana mai ka wela austenitizing e paʻa ana i nā ʻātoma kalapona, e hana ana i kahi ʻano tetragonal i hoʻokae ʻia, supersaturated. ʻO ia ke kumu o ka paʻakikī. Eia naʻe ka hopu mua mua: ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kalapona no ka paʻakikī (e like me ka 440C), ʻoi aku ka nui o kou hoʻololi ʻana i ka weldability a, ʻano kūʻē ʻole no ke kila 'stainless', kūpaʻa i ka corrosion. Pono ʻo Chromium e hoʻopaʻa me ke kalapona e hana ai i ka carbide, e hoʻoemi ana i ka chromium manuahi i loaʻa e hoʻokumu i kēlā papa pasif oxide. No laila, loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kahi pahi 58 HRC paʻakikī e hōʻike mau ana i nā kiko ʻōpala.
Ma kā mākou hana mīkini ma Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY), halawai pinepine makou i keia lualua. E hoʻouna ka mea kūʻai aku i kiʻi kiʻi no ka ʻāpana valve a i ʻole ka pahu pahū ma 17-4PH (he ʻano martensitic paʻakikī paʻakikī, akā e hui pū mākou ma ʻaneʻi no ke kūkākūkā). Makemake lākou i nā waiwai magnetic, ka ikaika hoʻohua, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka corrosion. Hoʻomaka ka paʻakikī ma ka pae maka. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi o ka pahu pahu mai kāna kaʻina hana ponoʻī hiki ke hoʻopau i ka pōʻino i kā mākou hana ma hope ʻO ka mīkini CNC. Ua aʻo mākou e kuhikuhi mau i nā mea hoʻomaha hoʻomaha no nā ana koʻikoʻi, a i ʻole kālā no ka mālama wela waena iā mākou iho. He kumu kūʻai, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o kahi ʻāpana warping 0.1mm ma hope o ka mālama wela hope.
ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa wela ponoʻī kahi e hui ai ke akamai me ka ʻepekema. ʻAʻole ia he polokalamu kapuahi 'hoʻonohonoho a poina'. He mea koʻikoʻi ka mahana austenitizing—haʻahaʻa loa, a ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa ka hoʻonā piha; kiʻekiʻe loa, pilikia ʻoe i ka ulu ʻana o ka austenite a i ʻole ka ulu ʻana o ka palaoa. A laila ʻo ke kinai: ʻaila maʻamau, akā ʻo ka hoʻonāukiuki a me ka mahana o ka ʻaila quenchant he mea nui no ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka distortion a me ka pohō ʻana i ka pilikia, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā hoʻoheheʻe kālā paʻakikī me nā ʻāpana like ʻole. Ua loaʻa iā mākou he pūʻulu o nā paia lahilahi hoʻolei kālā nā prototypes ma 410 pohā kokoke i ka lohe ʻana i ka wā kinai. ʻO ka haʻawina? No nā hiʻohiʻona paʻakikī, i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole ʻo ka māka martensitic ka pane, a i ʻole ka hoʻolālā e pono ai ka radii a me ka mānoanoa like ʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma ka pae DFM (Design for Manufacture).
Mīkini a me ka hoʻopau ʻana: ka hale kūʻai ʻoiaʻiʻo
Hoʻopili ʻia ka mīkini kila kuhiliʻole martensitic He holoholona ʻokoʻa ka hana ʻana i kona ʻano paʻakikī. Ma ke kūlana annealed (maʻamau i hana ʻia ma kahi o 85 HRB), he gummy. ʻAʻole ia e haki i nā ʻāpana maʻemaʻe e like me 303 austenitic; hana ia i nā ʻāpana loloa i hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka mea hana a hoʻopau i ka pau ʻana o ka ʻili. ʻAʻole hiki ke kūkākūkā ʻia nā geometry mea hana, nā uhi (TiAlN hana maikaʻi), a me ka mea hoʻoluʻu kiʻekiʻe e wāwahi a haʻalele i nā ʻāpana. Holo mākou i kēia mau hana ma luna o kā mākou kaumaha, ʻoʻoleʻa ʻO ka mīkini CNC nā kikowaena e hoʻomāmā i ka haʻalulu.
ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka wela ma hope o ka hana ʻana ʻo ia ke kumu o ka hoʻi ʻole. Ke hoʻopaʻakikī ʻoe iā ia, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā mīkini ʻē aʻe, i kaupalena ʻia i ka wili a i ʻole EDM. ʻO kēia kaʻina ka mea nui. Ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi ʻike aʻo ʻehaʻeha i nā makahiki i hala aku nei me kahi mea hana. Makemake ka mea kūʻai aku e ʻoki ʻia nā niho ma hope o ka paʻakikī ʻana e hōʻoia i ka geometry kūpono. Pono mākou e hoʻokaʻawale i kahi loea me nā huila wili CBN, a he mea nui ke kumukūʻai a me ka manawa. I kēia manawa, kā mākou hana maʻamau, a me nā mea a mākou e ʻōlelo ai i nā mea kūʻai aku ma kā mākou paepae tsingtaocnc.com, e mīkini i nā ana hope loa i loko o ka moku'āina annealed, e helu ana i ka ulu ʻana / shrinkage mai ka pōʻaiapili paʻakikī a me ka tempering. Pono kēia i kahi waihona hohonu o ka ʻikepili mōʻaukala e pili ana i ka neʻe ʻana o nā geometries kikoʻī i nā māka kikoʻī, a mākou i kūkulu ai ma mua o 30 mau makahiki ka hoolei ana a me ka hana ana.
ʻO ka hoʻopau ʻana he nuance ʻē aʻe. A passivated kila kuhiliʻole martensitic ʻAʻole loaʻa kahi ʻāpana i ke kūpaʻa ʻino o kahi ʻāpana 316L. ʻO ke kaʻina hana passivation (ʻo ia ka nitric a i ʻole ka citric acid) ke kōkua, akā ke hoʻonui nei i kahi papa kūlohelohe. No nā noi i loko o nā kaiapuni haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e like me kekahi mau ʻāpana mīkini hoʻomaʻamaʻa meaʻai a i ʻole nā lako kai, kahi electropolish kiʻekiʻe ma hope o ka passivation hiki ke hoʻololi maoli. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ia i nā micro-peaks, e hōʻemi ana i nā wahi no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pitting. He ʻanuʻu ʻē aʻe, akā hoʻopili ia i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka palena waiwai a me nā koi noi.
Koho Mea: I ka manawa e hoʻohana ai, i ka wā e hele ai
ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hoʻoholo ʻoihana. Ke kila kila ʻole Martensitic ʻālohilohi kahi e pono ai ʻoe i ka hui pū ʻana o ke kūpaʻa corrosion haʻahaʻa, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe / paʻakikī, a pinepine hoʻi, ka permeability magnetic. E noʻonoʻo i nā ʻūhā turbine i kekahi mau kaiapuni mahu, nā ʻoki ʻoki, nā pahi pahi, nā mea hana ʻokiʻoki, nā heihei hoʻokele i nā noi i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia, a me nā mea hoʻopaʻa e like me nā kī ikaika kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā ʻano like ʻole e paʻakikī ana i ka ua e like me 17-4PH he mea maikaʻi loa ia no nā ʻāpana aerospace ikaika kiʻekiʻe e paʻa i nā ʻae ʻana ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka wā kahiko.
Eia nō naʻe, pono ʻoe e pale aku iā ia no nā hana welded piha (koe me nā kaʻina lapaʻau ma mua o ka wela), no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaiapuni waiwai chloride (e like me kahi kokoke i ke kai me ka pale ʻole), a i ʻole he mea koʻikoʻi ka paʻakikī o ka hopena i nā wela haʻahaʻa. ʻO ke kino-kokoko o ka martensite he wela hoʻololi ductile-a-brittle; hiki ke lilo i mea ʻino i ka lawelawe anu. Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei au i ka nānā ʻana ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia i kahi mīkini ululāʻau waho i ka hoʻoilo; Ua hui ka mea 420 i ke kiko o ka paʻakikī akā ua haki i ka hopena. Ua pololei paha ka Austenitic stainless a i ʻole ke kila wela haʻahaʻa.
Ke hana nei me nā huila kūikawā e like me ka cobalt-based a i ʻole ka nickel-based alloys i kekahi manawa hāʻawi i kahi hopena ʻoi aku ka nani, ʻoiai ma ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe. No ka laʻana, no ka mea hoʻoheheʻe slurry pump impeller, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia kahi kulika martensitic paʻakikī e like me 440C, akā he Stellite (cobalt alloy) weld-overlay a paʻa. hoʻolei kālā i loko o kahi nickel alloy e like me Alloy 255 hiki ke hāʻawi i ke kumukūʻai ola-ola ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumu kūʻai. Ma QSY, loaʻa pinepine mākou i kēia mau kamaʻilio, alakaʻi ʻana i nā mea kūʻai aku ma o kēia matrix o ka hana, hana hana, a me ka huina kālā.
ʻO ka hihia ma kahi kikoʻī: He Saga ʻĀpana Valve
He laʻana paʻa mai kā mākou hale kūʻai. Pono ka mea kūʻai aku i kahi ʻōpuʻu kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Kāhea ʻia ka spec no ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion maikaʻi i kahi kemika haʻahaʻa, kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu kiʻekiʻe ma nā ʻaoʻao sila, a ʻaʻohe deformation mau ma lalo o 900 MPa tensile stress. Ua koho mua lākou i ka 316L no ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion. Hoʻokuʻu mākou i hope. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻopaʻakikī ʻia ʻo 316L no ka pono o ka lole. Manaʻo mākou i ka 440C no ka ʻaʻahu ʻaʻahu akā ua kū i ke ʻano kūʻē i ka corrosion.
ʻO ka hoʻonā he ala hybrid. Ua hana ʻia ke kino kumu nui mai 17-4PH i ke Kūlana A (annealed), a laila ʻelemakule i H900 ma hope o ka mīkini, hāʻawi iā ia i ka ikaika kumu. ʻO ka ʻāina hoʻopaʻa koʻikoʻi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka ʻili o ka ʻāina me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaʻina laser e hana i kahi ʻāpana martensitic paʻakikī me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā waiwai ʻino o ka mea nui. He kaʻina hana maʻamau ʻole ia e koi ai i ka launa pū ʻana ma waena o kā mākou mīkini hana hui a me kekahi hoa lapaau wela. Ua kūleʻa ka ʻāpana, akā ʻoi aku ka maʻemaʻe o ka lawe ʻana kila kuhiliʻole martensitic ʻaʻole ʻo ia ka pane hoʻokahi; he ʻāpana ia o ka hoʻolālā ʻōnaehana waiwai.
ʻO kēia ʻano hoʻoponopono pilikia kahi e hāʻule ai nā pepa ʻikepili maʻamau. Hāʻawi lākou iā ʻoe i ka ikaika a me ka nui o ka corrosion i loko o ka waikawa laboratorium, akā ʻaʻole lākou e haʻi iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka mea i ka wā e hoʻāʻo ai ʻoe e hoʻopaʻa i kahi ʻae 0.02mm ma kahi flange lahilahi e ʻike ai i kahi 800 ° C kinai. Loaʻa kēlā ʻike ma ka hana ʻana, ka hāʻule ʻana i kekahi manawa, a me ka hoʻomau. ʻO ia ke kumu o nā hui me nā moʻolelo lōʻihi ka hoolei ana a me ka hana ana, e like me kā mākou i ʻoi aku i ʻekolu mau makahiki, e hōʻiliʻili i kahi ʻano ʻike tacit e like me ka waiwai o ka mīkini ma ka papahele.
Nā Manaʻo Hoʻopau: E mahalo i ke kaʻina hana
No laila, he aha ka ʻōlelo hope kila kuhiliʻole martensitic? He ʻohana ikaika a maʻalahi ia o nā mea, akā koi ia i ka mahalo. ʻAʻole ia he 'drop-in' pani no ke kila kalapona i ka wā e pono ai ʻoe i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion. Ua pili pono kona ʻano i kona mōʻaukala wela. ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i ka holomua e pono ai ka noʻonoʻo holoʻokoʻa e pili ana i ke kaulahao hana holoʻokoʻa - mai ke kūlana wili o ke kumukūʻai a i ʻole ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka pūpū, ma kēlā me kēia hana mīkini, pololei i loko o ka umu wela a ma luna o ka papa hoʻokolokolo hope.
ʻO ka hewa nui loa ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana iā ia ma ke ʻano he waiwai. He mea hana kiʻekiʻe ia e pono ai ke kaʻina hana. Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ka pololei, ʻokoʻa nā hopena: nā ʻāpana paʻakikī, paʻa, a kūpono i ke kumu. Ke kuhi hewa ʻoe, ʻoi aku ke kumu kūʻai a me ke aʻo ʻana i nā hemahema. ʻO ka pahuhopu ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea mua a hōʻemi i ka mea hope, ʻo ia ka mea nui o ka ʻenekinia hana me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka koi a me ka uku ʻana e like me ka martensitic stainless.
