ʻO ke kila kila 316 (US standard ASTM S31600, Chinese standard 06Cr17Ni12Mo2) he molybdenum-containing austenitic stainless steel, i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo "marine-grade stainless steel" ma muli o kona kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma ka 304 stainless steel me ka hoʻohui ʻana o 2-3% molybdenum (Mo), ka mea e hoʻonui nui ai i kona kūʻē ʻana i ka lua a me ka crevice corrosion.
Ⅰ.Na Mea Ko'iko'i
1.Exceptional Corrosion Kū'ē: ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka molybdenum e hāʻawi iā ia i ka hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma nā kaiapuni chloride (e laʻa, ka wai kai, ka paʻakai paʻakai), me ke kūpaʻa pitting i ʻoi aku ma mua o ko 304 stainless steel. Hiki ke emi ma lalo o 0.1 mm / makahiki ka nui o kona corrosion ma 10% sulfuric acid.
2.High-Mahana Hana: ʻO ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka pale ʻana i ka oxidation, me ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka lawelawe lawelawe a hiki i 870 ° C a me ka lawelawe intermittent a hiki i 925 ° C.
3. Mechanical Properties: ʻO ka ikaika ≥205 MPa, ka ikaika tensile ≥515 MPa, ka elongation ≥40%, hāʻawi i ka paʻakikī maikaʻi a me ka hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ka hana.
4.Low Magnetism: Non-magnetic i loko o ka solution-annealed state; hiki ke lilo i mea hoʻokalakupua ma hope o ka hana anu. He kūpono no nā mea hana pili i nā māla magnetic.
Ⅱ.Ka Hui Kimia (Nā Hōʻailona Koʻikoʻi)
| ʻElemu | Laulā maʻiʻo | Hana |
| Kalapona (C) | ≤0.08% | Kāohi i ka ʻinoʻino intergranular |
| Chromium (Cr) | 16.0-18.0% | Hoʻokumu i ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni passive, pale i ka pala |
| Nikela (Ni) | 10.0-14.0% | Hoʻokūpaʻa i ka hoʻolālā austenitic, kūpaʻa waika |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 2.0-3.0% | ʻElemu kumu, hāʻawi i ke kūʻē pitting |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤2.00% | Deoxidizer |
| Silika (Si) | ≤0.75% | Deoxidizer |
Ⅲ.Mea Mechanical ma'amau
Nā Pono Mechanical Mahana lumi (Solution-Annealed State)
ʻO kēia ka moku'āina maʻamau no 316 stainless steel, e hāʻawi ana i kahi kaulike maikaʻi o nā waiwai.
| Waiwai | Waiwai maʻamau | Koi maʻamau (ASTM A240) |
| Ikaika U'i (Rm) | 515 - 620 MPa | ≥ 515 MPa |
| Ka ikaika o ka hua (Rp0.2) | 205 - 310 MPa | ≥ 205 MPa |
| Elongation (A) | 40% - 50% | ≥ 40% |
| Paʻakiki (HBW) | 149 - 217 | ≤ 217 |
| Modulus Elastic (E) | 193 GPa | - |
Nā memo:
1. Ka ikaika kūpono: E hāʻawi i ka ikaika ma kahi o 200-300 MPa, e maʻalahi ka hana a me ka hana.
2.Excellent Plasticity: ʻO ka lōʻihi ma mua o 40%, e hōʻike ana i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka haki ʻana.
3. Hooikaika hana: Hoʻonui nui ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī i ka wā o ka hana anu (e laʻa, ka ʻōwili anu, ke kaha kiʻi), akā e emi ana ka plasticity.
Ⅳ.Nā Wahi noi mua
1. ʻEnekinia Moana: Nā lako moku, nā paepae ma waho o ke kai, nā lako hoʻoheheʻe wai.
2. ʻOihana Kemika & Energy: Reactors, pipelines, heat exchangers (kū'ē i nā waikawa/alkalis).
3. ʻOihana Lapaʻau & Meaʻai: ʻO nā mea hana ʻokiʻoki, nā lako lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mīkini hana meaʻai (kūpono i nā kūlana maʻemaʻe).
4.Architecture & Hoʻonani: Ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pā pākū, nā ala hao ma nā kahakai (kū kūʻē i ka ʻinoʻino paʻakai).
Ⅴ.Nā Papa Hana Maʻamau
316L: ʻO ka mana haʻahaʻa-carbon (C≤0.03%), ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka weldability a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion intergranular, kūpono no nā ʻāpana welded ʻāpana kaumaha.
316H: ʻO ka mana kalapona kiʻekiʻe, ka ikaika wela kiʻekiʻe, kūpono no nā hale hoʻokiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
