Saib, thaum koj hnov 'Co 6', yog tias koj tsis sib sib zog nqus hauv qhov casting lossis machining ntawm cov hlau ua haujlwm siab, koj tsuas yog xav txog qib cobalt. Tab sis qhov ntawd yog qhov chaw thawj qhov chaw. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog cov khoom siv spec; nws yog lub teeb liab rau tag nrho cov teeb meem kev sib tw thiab kev txiav txim siab ntawm lub khw hauv pem teb. Kuv tau pom ntau cov duab kos tuaj nrog tsuas yog 'Co 6' lossis cov npe zoo sib xws, thiab cov lus nug tam sim tom ntej los ntawm peb pab pawg npaj yog ib txwm, Okay, tab sis peb ua dab tsi tiag tiag nrog ntawm no? Cov nominal muaj pes tsawg leeg yog ib yam - txhua leej txhua tus tuaj yeem saib tau tias nws yog cobalt-based alloy, feem ntau nrog chromium thiab tungsten tseem ceeb rau hnav thiab corrosion kuj. Qhov tseeb ntawm machining nws, tau txais lub suab nrov tsis muaj micro-cracks, los yog txawm nrhiav tau ib lub pob zeb zoo sib xws? Qhov ntawd yog qhov tiag 'Co 6'. Nws sawv cev rau ib pawg uas cov ntaub ntawv theoretical ua tau raws li qhov ua tau zoo, feem ntau ntxhov siab, lub ntiaj teb ntawm kev ua cov khoom uas tsis poob rau hauv huab cua kub lossis puas.
Lub Spec Sheet vs. Lub tshuab dhos
Peb muaj ib qhov project ib pliag rov qab, lub valve tivthaiv rau kev pabcuam hnyav. Cov ntawv luam tau hais tias a cobalt-raws li alloy ntsib Co 6 cov yam ntxwv dav dav. Cov neeg siv khoom tau muab ib daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv, txhua tus lej pristine. Peb thawj txav ntawm QSY tsis yog rau kev pab cuam CNC; nws yog los khiav ib pawg me me ntawm daim coupon xeem los ntawm cov khoom siv. Vim li cas? Vim tias qhov ntsuas machinability ntawm daim ntawv yuav luag tsis muaj qab hau. Koj yuav tsum hnov nws. Peb pib nrog cov txheej txheem carbide inserts rau high-temperature alloys. Qhov tshwm sim? Ua ntej lub npoo chipping, qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov chaw tiav, thiab cov cua sov nkag mus rau hauv qhov ntau dua li peb nyiam. Cov Co 6 cov khoom, nrog rau nws txoj kev ua hauj lwm-hardening nyiam, tau tawm tsam rov qab. Daim ntawv spec tsis tau tham txog qhov tshwj xeeb batch qhov hloov pauv me ntsis hauv cov ntsiab lus tungsten, uas tsuas yog txaus los hloov txoj haujlwm nyuaj rau hauv npau suav phem.
Qhov no yog qhov uas 30 xyoo nyob rau hauv casting thiab machining kicks nyob rau hauv. Koj txhim kho lub plab. Peb tau hloov mus rau txoj hauv kev nruj dua nrog kev tshwj xeeb, ntse-edged ceramic inserts ntawm kev nrawm dua tab sis qis dua ntawm kev txiav. Nws suab counter-intuitive-ceramics ntawm cobalt? Tab sis nws yog hais txog kev tswj cov tshav kub thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm hardening ua ntej ntawm lub cuab tam. Kev noj zaub mov thiab kev ntsuas ceev los ntawm software yog qhov pib, tab sis qhov kawg tsis tau los ntawm lub suab ntawm kev txiav thiab xim ntawm cov nti. Cov chips yuav tsum yog silverish, tsis xiav. Xiav txhais tau hais tias muaj cua sov ntau dhau, ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev puas tsuaj rau lub subsurface ntawm ib feem. Nws yog qhov pom thiab hnov QA kuaj uas tsis muaj lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov pauv tag nrho.
Lub sab casting rau xws li alloys, uas peb lis los ntawm peb cov peev casting kab, nthuav qhia ib tug sib txawv puzzle. Nrog cobalt-based alloys, lub solidification ntau thiab thermal conductivity yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ncuav txias dhau, koj tau txais mistrus. Ncuav kub heev, koj txhawb nqa loj, brittle grain loj hlob. Rau ib qho nyuaj, nyias-walled tivthaiv peb tau ua xyoo tas los, peb yuav tsum tau tsim ib qho kev cai rooj vag thiab nce qhov system uas tsis nyob hauv ib phau ntawv. Nws yog raws li kev ua tsis tiav yav dhau los-peb tau pom shrinkage porosity sib sau ua ke hauv ib qho kev sib tshuam. Qhov kev daws teeb meem koom nrog qhov tsis yog qhov chaw txias txias rau kev taw qhia kev ua kom muaj zog. Nws ua haujlwm, tab sis nws ntxiv tus nqi thiab sijhawm. Qhov ntawd yog cov se zais ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv zoo li Co 6. Tus nqi tsis nyob rau hauv cov hlau nyoos ib kilogram; nws yog nyob rau hauv cov kev txawj ntse ntawm yuav ua li cas rau nws reliably.
Sourcing thiab Consistency Gambit
Cia peb tham txog cov khoom siv raw. Koj tsis tuaj yeem xaj 'Co 6' los ntawm ib lub zeb thiab cia siab tias muaj kev sib haum xeeb. Qhov sib txawv ntawm melts, txawm tias los ntawm cov chaw muag khoom muaj koob npe, tuaj yeem txaus los cuam tshuam koj tag nrho kev teeb tsa machining. Peb kawm qhov no nyuaj heev thaum ntxov. Peb tsim nyog ib tug txheej txheem rau machining lub nplhaib foob los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb bar Tshuag. Thawj 100 daim yog zoo meej. Cov batch tom ntej, los ntawm ntau tus lej sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv 'tib yam', pib ua rau hnav mus rau triple. Tool life projections tau tawm ntawm qhov rais. Tus neeg ua txhaum? Cov ntsiab lus, tej zaum ib yam dab tsi zoo li tantalum los yog cov ntsiab lus carbon nyob rau ntawm ntug heev ntawm spec txwv, hloov cov alloy tus cwj pwm nyob rau hauv lub cuab yeej shear stress.
Tam sim no, peb cov qauv kev coj ua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom tseem ceeb, yog kom muaj daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev tsom xam rau ntau qhov tshwj xeeb thiab ua haujlwm peb tus kheej lub txim hluav taws xob los yog, zoo dua, qhov ceev spectroscopy yog tias qhov ntim pom zoo rau nws. Nws yog ib kauj ruam ntxiv uas qee cov neeg yws yws txog, tab sis nws txuag cov mob taub hau hauv qab. Qhov no yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntseeg siab Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. cog lus. Nws tsis yog glamorous, tab sis tswj cov tswv yim yog 50% ntawm yeej kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog superalloys. Peb qee zaum koom tes nrog cov khw muag khoom me me, tshwj xeeb yaj uas ua rau cov khoom lag luam aerospace vim tias lawv cov txheej txheem tswj tau nruj dua, txawm tias lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev dua. Rau tus qauv cobalt hlau twj tso kua mis, cov lag luam-qib yaj yuav zoo. Rau ib daim ntawv qhia turbine, nws yuav tsis ya.
Qhov kev tsis sib haum no kuj los ntshav rau hauv cov txheej txheem casting. Lub fluidity ntawm molten hlau, uas cuam tshuam zoo npaum li cas nws sau ib qho intricate plhaub pwm, tuaj yeem sib txawv. Lub yaj uas yog me ntsis tawm ntawm nws qhov zoo tagnrho qhov rais tuaj yeem ua rau txias kaw lossis qhov chaw tsis xws luag uas yog npau suav phem los nrhiav thiab kho tom qab casting. Peb tau tsiv mus rau ntau lub sijhawm saib xyuas thaum lub sijhawm ncuav-pyrometers, cov koob yees duab thermal ntawm lub khob ncuav-kom ntes cov kev sib txawv no thaum lawv tshwm sim. Nws tsis yog kev dag ntxias, tab sis nws hloov lub peev xwm batch seem rau hauv kev tswj tau, kho me me.
Vuam thiab Kho Conundrum
Nov yog qhov xwm txheej uas tsis tau txais huab cua txaus: kho. Cov neeg siv khoom xa tuaj rau hauv ib qho hnav Co 6 tivthaiv, tej zaum ib tug xyaum me ntsis bushing los yog ib tug hnav phaj. Koj puas tuaj yeem tsim qhov chaw hnav thiab rov tshuab dua? Phau ntawv teb yog yog, cobalt alloys feem ntau weldable. Cov lus teb tiag tiag hauv ntiaj teb yog, Nws nyob, thiab nws muaj kev pheej hmoo. Lub tshav kub-tshem tawm tsam (HAZ) los ntawm vuam tuaj yeem tsim cov hnab tshos ntawm cov khoom sib txawv kiag li - nkig, tawg-rhiab theem tuaj yeem tsim. Peb sim qhov no ntawm qee cov tshuab ua liaj ua teb hnav qhov chaw, siv qhov sib txuam cobalt-raws li alloy muab tub lim thiab cov txheej txheem TIG meej.
Thawj cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo. Lub weld hlaws yog suab. Tab sis thaum lub sij hawm tom ntej machining dhau mus coj nws rov qab mus rau qhov loj me, micro-cracks propagated los ntawm HAZ. Ib feem yog junk. Zaj lus qhia? Rau kev kho qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom muaj kev ntxhov siab, vuam feem ntau yog qhov kawg. Qee lub sij hawm, nws yooj yim dua rau kev nrum thiab tshuab qhov tshiab los ntawm kos. Rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb tsawg, koj yuav tau mus nrog nws, tab sis koj yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem nruj ua ntej thiab tom qab cua sov (PWHT), uas ntxiv cov nqi thiab qhov nyuaj. Peb tam sim no muaj qhov kev txiav txim siab yooj yim matrix: tus nqi ntawm qhov tshiab vs. tus nqi kho + kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua tsis tiav hauv kev pabcuam. Ntau zaus tshaj tsis, nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qib no, casting ib qho tshiab yeej.
Qhov no txuas rov qab mus rau theem tsim. Thaum peb sab laj nrog cov neeg siv khoom nyob rau theem tsim, yog tias peb pom ib qho kev tivthaiv destined rau a cobalt hlau zoo li Co 6, peb feem ntau thawb rau cov qauv tsim uas yooj yim dua rau cam khwb cia hauv ib thooj thiab tshuab kom zoo, tsis yog cov qauv tsim uas yuav xav tau kev sib dhos yav tom ntej lossis kho vuam. Nws yog ib qho kev hloov maj mam los ntawm kev ua tus tsim khoom los ua tus koom tes tsim khoom. Nws txuag lawv cov teeb meem thiab raug nqi tshaj lub neej ntawm ib feem.
Tshaj Hlau: Tus Tsav Tsheb Tus Nqi
Thaum kawg, qhov yuam kev loj tshaj plaws yog tsom rau ntawm tus nqi ib kilogram ntawm tus nqi Co 6 hlau alloy. Tus nqi hlau yog qhov tseem ceeb, yog, tab sis feem ntau nws tsis yog tus tsav tsheb loj. Tus nqi tiag tiag yog nyob rau hauv kev tsim khoom tawm los thiab cov cuab yeej siv. Ib qho 10% seem ntawm txhuas yog ib yam. Ib qho 10% seem ntawm cobalt alloy yog kev puas tsuaj nyiaj txiag. Txhua kauj ruam - los ntawm lub peev casting txheej txheem qhov twg lub plhaub tawg ruins ib pawg, mus rau CNC machining qhov twg ib tug $150 ntxig rau 3 qhov chaw es tsis txhob 10-amplifies qhov poob.
Peb taug qab ib yam dab tsi hu ua 'tus nqi ib feem zoo' kev cai dab qhuas rau cov hauj lwm no. Nws tseem ceeb hauv txhua yam: cov khoom siv, cov nqi pwm, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov cuab yeej, kev tshuaj xyuas, thiab cov khoom seem. Kev ua kom zoo rau qhov kev ntsuas no yog qhov cais cov khw uas dabble hauv superalloys los ntawm cov uas muaj sia nyob ntawm lawv. Rau peb, nws yuav txhais tau tias kev nqis peev hauv qeeb qeeb, ntau meej xaim-EDM rau qee yam nta es tsis txhob sim zeb lawv, tsuas yog lav tsis muaj cov cuab yeej deflection lossis teeb meem ua haujlwm. Tej zaum nws yuav txhais tau tias tsim kev cai fixtures uas dampen vibration thaum lub sij hawm milling, vim hais tias chatter ntawm ib cobalt hlau nto tuaj yeem pib qaug zog tawg.
Qhov takeaway? Thaum koj tab tom ntsuam xyuas tus neeg muag khoom rau ib qho kev cuam tshuam nrog Co 6 los yog nws cov kwv tij, tsis txhob nug lawv cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj. Nug txog lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam rau cov geometry zoo sib xws. Nug txog lawv cov txheej txheem cuab yeej cuab tam thiab cov cuab yeej xav tau lub neej. Nug seb lawv puas tau khaws cia ib pawg los ntawm kev vuam lossis HIP (Hot Isostatic Pressing) thiab qhov tshwm sim yog dab tsi. Lawv cov lus teb yuav qhia koj ntau dua txog lawv lub peev xwm tshaj li daim ntawv qhia ci ntsa iab. Nws yog nyob rau hauv cov gritty, unglamorous cov ntsiab lus uas cov kev txawj ntse tiag tiag nrog cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no nyob, hom ua tau ntau xyoo lawm, zoo li lub hauv paus ntawm QSY, qhov twg zaj lus qhia yog ib txwm: hwm cov khoom, nug cov spec, thiab ntseeg cov txheej txheem koj tau honed los ntawm kev sim thiab, qee zaus, yuam kev.
