Thaum cov neeg feem coob hnov 'cov hlau tsis yooj yim', lawv pom cov ncuav. Lub sijhawm ua yeeb yam, molten. Tab sis qhov ntawd yog tej zaum 5% ntawm zaj dab neeg tiag. Qhov nyuaj tsis yog nyob rau hauv cov kua hlau; nws yog nyob rau hauv txhua yam uas tshwm sim ua ntej thiab tom qab. Nws yog nyob rau hauv cov geometry uas ua rau cov xuab zeb pwm tsis yooj yim sua, cov hlau uas sib ntaus sib tua ntawm txhua qhov tig, thiab tom qab-casting machining uas hloov cov ntxhib casting rau hauv cov khoom siv. Yog tias koj tsuas yog xav txog melting thiab pouring, koj twb qab lawm.
Qhov Pib Tiag Tiag: Geometry yog Vaj Ntxwv
Koj tau txais kev kos duab, lossis tej zaum tsuas yog 3D qauv. Thawj lo lus nug tsis yog dab tsi alloy? tab sis yuav ua li cas peb txawm ua pwm rau qhov no? Ib feem nrog txoj hauv kev sib sib zog nqus, kev txiav, lossis cov phab ntsa nyias nyob ib sab ntawm cov ntu loj - qhov ntawd yog qhov teeb meem pib. Nrog xuab zeb casting, koj feem ntau tsis muaj hmoo. Koj xav tau ib lub pwm uas tuaj yeem ntes tau qhov nthuav dav, thiab qhov ntawd yog qhov txheej txheem nyiam peev casting tuaj rau hauv. Koj tsim cov pwm nyob ib ncig ntawm cov quav ciab lossis 3D-luam qauv, ces yaj nws tawm. Nws muab kev ywj pheej rau koj, tab sis nws yog ib qho kev ua las voos qeeb. Txhua lub kaum sab xis, txhua qhov cua ntsawj ntshab, txhua qhov chaw kub kub yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab nyob rau theem no. Tau txais nws yuam kev, thiab cov hlau zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb yuav tsis cawm koj.
Kuv nco qab lub turbine hniav qauv peb ua haujlwm rau xyoo rov qab. Cov duab airfoil yog muab, zoo nkauj nkhaus. Tab sis lub internal cua txias channels? Lawv tau tsim los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij thev naus laus zis uas tsis muaj kev paub txog kev tsim khoom. Cov wax cores xav tau los tsim cov channel tau yooj yim heev lawv yuav tawg nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm ceramic slurry. Peb tau siv lub lis piam rov qab mus, tweaking channel diameters thiab hloov radii, tsis yog rau aerodynamic efficiency, tab sis rau moldability. Qhov ntawd yog qhov kev sib tham zais hauv complex hlau casting.
Qhov no yog qhov uas lub khw qhov kev paub qhia. Ib lub tuam txhab zoo li Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), nrog lawv cov xyoo caum hauv plhaub molding thiab peev casting, tau cia pom ntau txhiab tus geometry no. Lawv tsim ib qho kev xav rau qhov pwm tuaj yeem zam tau. Nws tsis yog software simulation xwb; Nws yog lub siab xav txog yuav ua li cas cov ceramic yuav ntws nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hauv paus, los yog yuav ua li cas ib tug hlau yuav rub tawm thaum lub sij hawm solidification. Koj tsis tuaj yeem fake qhov ntawd.
Cov Khoom Siv Maze: Nws tsis yog Hlau xwb
Okay, yog li koj tau tawg lub pwm. Tam sim no, koj ncuav dab tsi rau hauv nws? Stainless hlau yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm no. Puas yog peb tham 304 rau corrosion? 316 rau marine? Los yog peb puas mus rau thaj tsam ntawm 17-4 PH, uas xav tau kev kho cua sov kom ua tiav nws lub zog ntsuas? Qhov kev xaiv dictates txhua yam: pouring kub, solidification tus nqi, hom risers koj yuav tsum tau pub shrinkage.
Cov tsiaj nyaum tiag tiag yog cov hlau tshwj xeeb. Nickel-based los yog cobalt-based superalloys rau aerospace lossis kev siv hnyav heev. Cov no tsis yog melted xwb; lawv nyob nraum concocted. Lawv muaj kuab heev, lawv muaj tus cwj pwm phem ntawm kev tsim nyuaj, ntu ntu yog tias txias tsis raug, thiab lawv yuav noj los ntawm cov txheej txheem crucible. Casting cov no zoo li kev phais thaum tus neeg mob raug hluav taws. Cov npoo rau qhov yuam kev yog minuscule. QSY cov lus hais txog kev ua haujlwm nrog cov alloys tshwj xeeb no tsis yog lub mos txwv; nws yog ib nqe lus hais txog kev muaj peev xwm. Nws txhais tau hais tias lawv tau nqis peev rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hlau, thiab cov khoom siv crucible los ua haujlwm zoo li ntawd.
Kuv kawm qhov no txoj kev nyuaj ntawm lub twj tso kua mis vaj tse rau kev pabcuam corrosive. Peb teev ib tug duplex stainless hlau. Ntawm daim ntawv, zoo meej. Tab sis peb txoj kev tswj kom ruaj khov tau tawm - tsuas yog me ntsis. Qhov tshwm sim yog qhov tsis sib npaug ntawm theem hauv cov ntu tseem ceeb, ua rau nws yooj yim rau chloride kev ntxhov siab tawg. Ib feem zoo nkaus li zoo meej, dhau qhov kev kuaj xyuas, tab sis tsis muaj zog. Qhov tsis ua hauj lwm yog nyob rau hauv cov qauv metallurgical, tsis pom qhov muag. Qhov ntawd yog txheej thib ob ntawm kev nyuaj.
Tus Choj rau Kev Ua Haujlwm: CNC Machining ua ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem
Ntawm no yog ib qho kev xav tsis zoo: casting thiab machining yog cov hauj lwm sib cais. Rau qhov nyuaj, lawv yog ob yam ntawm tib qho kev ua si. Koj tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov casting yam tsis paub meej tias nws yuav tuav li cas hauv 5-axis zeb. Cov duab zoo nkauj, cov organic feem ntau tawm tsis muaj qhov chaw tiaj tus datum kom clamp rau. Yog li, koj yuav tsum tsim thiab cam khwb cia nyob rau hauv sacrificial mounting lugs, alignment bosses, los yog datum qhov uas yuav machined tawm nyob rau hauv lub kawg kauj ruam.
Qhov kev sib koom ua ke no tseem ceeb heev. Ib tug foundry uas kuj muaj nyob rau hauv-tsev CNC machining, zoo li QSY, muaj qhov zoo dua. Lawv cov engineers casting tham nrog lawv cov machining programmers txhua hnub. Lawv nkag siab tias me ntsis tweak rau phab ntsa tuab ntawm sab casting tuaj yeem txhais tau tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov yooj yim 3-axis teeb thiab npau suav phem ntawm kev cai fixtures thiab 5-axis contouring. Lawv tsim rau manufacturability thoob plaws tag nrho cov txheej txheem saw.
Peb ib zaug muaj lub cev lub cev uas lub ntsej muag tseem ceeb ntawm lub ntsej muag tsis tuaj yeem siv lub tshuab vim tias qhov kev ua haujlwm sab hauv lub cev tsim muaj kev sib haum xeeb kev co thaum lub sij hawm milling. Kev daws tsis yog kev kho machining; nws tau redesigning lub puab tav qauv ntawm lub casting nws tus kheej ntxiv damping. Lub foundry uas tsuas yog cam khwb cia yuav tsuas yog xa mus rau ib feem uas tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav. Ib lub khw sib koom ua ke daws qhov teeb meem tiag tiag.
Qhov twg Yam Tsis Zoo: Lub Rooj Sib Tham thiab Pub Cov Khoom Sib Tw
Qhov no yog qhov tsaus ntuj kos duab tiag tiag. Gating-lub kaw lus ntawm cov channel uas coj hlau mus rau hauv pwm-thiab pub-siv risers ntawm molten hlau los them rau shrinkage-yog qhov kev tshawb xav raws li qhov tseeb tiag. Koj tuaj yeem simulate nws, tab sis qhov simulation tsuas yog zoo li koj cov khoom vaj khoom tsev inputs, thiab cov kev hloov pauv nrog txhua qhov tshiab ntawm cov hlau.
Lub hom phiaj yog kev taw qhia kev ua kom muaj zog: koj xav kom qhov sib koom ua ke los ntawm qhov deb tshaj plaws, cov ntsiab lus thinnest rov qab mus rau lub riser, uas nyob twj ywm molten ntev tshaj plaws. Yog hais tias nws solidifies haphazardly, koj tau txais shrinkage porosity. Cov voids me me uas tua lub siab nruj lossis qaug zog. Rau ib tug complex zoo, ua kom tiav no directionality yog ib tug puzzle. Qee zaum koj xav tau ntau tus risers hauv qhov chaw txawv. Qee lub sij hawm koj siv lub tes tsho insulating los yog exothermic pads ntawm cov risers kom lawv kub. Nws yog ib tug toolkit ntawm tricks.
Kuv tau pom cov castings uas tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo nyob rau sab nraud tab sis, thaum X-rayed, zoo li Swiss cheese sab hauv vim qhov kev pub mis tsis raug. Ib feem dhau qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam pom tab sis yuav ua tsis tiav hauv kev pabcuam zoo kawg nkaus. Lub chaw tsim khoom muaj peev xwm yuav muaj cov txheej txheem NDT (Non-Destructive Testing) raws txoj cai rau qhov laj thawj no. Nws tsis yog ib qho add-on; nws yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb rau ib qho twg complex hlau casting thov kom muaj cov txheej txheem los yog siab-muaj.
Human Factor: Kev paub raws li qhov kawg algorithm
Thaum kawg, tom qab tag nrho cov tech tham, nws los rau tib neeg. Software tseem tsis tau tag nrho tus account rau ib tug me ntsis damp pwm, ib tug batch ntawm alloy nrog ib tug kab nyob rau hauv lub siab kawg ntawm spec, los yog txoj kev lub ceramic plhaub yuav tawg thaum lub sij hawm ib tug ceev ncuav. Qhov no yog qhov 30 xyoo ntawm ib pab neeg zoo li QSY qhov teeb meem. Nws yog tus qauv paub. Nws yog tus qub tub rog lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem hnov qhov hloov pauv ntawm lub suab nrov thiab kho qhov kub thiab txias ua ntej lub thermocouple sau npe. Nws yog tus thawj tswj hwm zoo uas paub tias rau qhov tshwj xeeb nickel alloy, koj yuav tsum tau ncua lub sijhawm txias hauv pwm los ntawm 20% ntawm cov hnub sov sov.
Qhov kev paub dhau los no hloov lub khw los ntawm cov kev pabcuam hlau-kho rau hauv cov chaw muab kev daws teeb meem. Lawv tso tseg tsis yog tus neeg txiav txim xwb thiab pib ua tus kws pab tswv yim. Lawv yuav thawb rov qab rau ntawm tus qauv tsim, qhia txog kev hloov khoom siv uas txuag nqi yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm, lossis pom zoo rau cov txheej txheem casting sib txawv. Thaum koj tab tom cuam tshuam nrog qhov tseeb qhov nyuaj, qhov kev sib koom tes no tsuas yog ib qho uas lav tias muaj kev vam meej. Koj tsis yog yuav ib qho casting xwb; koj tab tom yuav qhov kev txiav txim siab sau. Thiab nyob rau hauv daim teb no, qhov kev txiav txim, forged ntau xyoo lawm thiab countless tons ntawm hlau, yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws - thiab muaj nuj nqis - txhua yam.
