Thaum koj hnov 'cov khoom siv hlau tsis zoo', thawj qhov uas tshwm sim yog qhov paub zoo: lub zog zoo, qee qhov ductility, hnav tsis kam, raug nqi zoo. Tab sis qhov ntawd yog phau ntawv hais lus. Qhov twg nws tau txais tiag, thiab qhov twg ntau qhov project tau tripped, yog nyob rau hauv kev txhais lus los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv mus rau qhov tseeb ib feem ntawm lub khw hauv pem teb, nyob rau hauv load. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov cam khwb cia, machined, thiab cov khoom sib dhos yog qhov ua haujlwm tiag tiag. Kuv tau pom ntau tus qauv tsim uas kho cov hlua hlau ua ib qho yooj yim poob rau hauv kev hloov pauv rau cov hlau lossis grey hlau, tsuas yog khiav mus rau cov teeb meem nrog kev sib tham, tsis xav txog kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov ntu nyias, lossis kev ua haujlwm tsis sib xws thoob plaws ib pawg. Nws tsis yog khoom; nws yog cov txheej txheem-sensitive khoom.
Casting Foundation: Nws Txhua Yam Pib hauv Pwm
Koj tsis tuaj yeem tham txog kev ntseeg siab ductile hlau mechanical qhov chaw tsis tau nkag mus rau hauv cov txheej txheem casting ua ntej. Mechanical zog yog ci nyob rau hauv txoj cai muaj. Cov qauv spheroidal graphite - cov nodules uas muab nws cov ductility - yog tsis yooj yim thaum lub sij hawm solidification. Txias tus nqi, inoculation xyaum, txawm tias qhov kub ntawm cov hlau thaum nws hits pwm, lawv txhua tus ua lub luag haujlwm loj. Ib feem nrog lub hub tuab thiab nyias nyias tuaj yeem muaj ntau qhov sib txawv microstructures (thiab yog li, cov khoom) hauv cov seem sib txawv. Kuv nco qab lub iav khoob peb ib zaug tau txais; nws zoo nkaus li zoo tag nrho, dhau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas qhov loj me, tab sis ua tsis tau zoo hauv kev sim qaug zog. Tus neeg ua txhaum? Shrinkage porosity muab zais rau hauv lub vev xaib, qhov tshwm sim ncaj qha ntawm qhov tsis zoo tsim qhov rooj uas tsis pub cov ntu tuab kom zoo. Daim duab hu ua Qib 65-45-12, tab sis qhov peb tau txais hauv qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawd tsis muaj zog, nkig ntau dua.
Qhov no yog qhov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb. Lub khw uas nkag siab txog qhov no intimately, zoo li Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), nrog lawv peb lub xyoo caum hauv plhaub thiab peev casting, muaj cov leeg nqaij nco txog qhov no. Lawv tsis yog nchuav hlau xwb; lawv tab tom tswj kev tshawb fawb solidification. Rau ductile hlau qhov chaw uas pom dynamic loads - xav tias hydraulic valve lub cev, compressor crankshafts, los yog hnyav-lub luag hauj lwm ncua kev kawm ntawv Cheebtsam - lub hauv paus no yog tsis-negotiable. Ib qho me me slag suav nrog lossis qhov tsis raug cai tuaj yeem dhau los ua qhov pib taw tes rau txoj kab tawg.
Qhov kev xaiv ntawm lub plhaub molding thiab peev casting rau cov hlau ductile feem ntau los rau qhov nyuaj thiab qhov xav tau ntawm qhov chaw. Rau qhov chaw nrog cov kab lus sab hauv lossis cov cores nyuaj, plhaub molding muaj qhov sib npaug zoo. Tab sis yog tias koj xav tau ze-net-puab nrog tshwj xeeb deg nthuav dav thiab cov qauv me me, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom me me, intricate, qhov precision ntawm peev casting tuaj yeem txuag tau nyiaj ntau rau kev ua haujlwm tom ntej. Nws yog ib qho txiaj ntsig kev txheeb xyuas uas pib ntawm theem tsim, tsis yog kev xav tom qab.
Machining: Qhov twg Theory ntsib cov cuab yeej me ntsis
Qhov no yog theem uas cov kev xav tau raug sim. Cov tshuab hlau hlau txawv dua li cov hlau. Nws yog abrasive, ua tsaug rau cov graphite, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua gummy. Tau txais koj qhov nrawm, pub, lossis cov cuab yeej geometry tsis raug, thiab koj yuav hlawv los ntawm cov khoom siv los yog tau txais ib qho kev ua haujlwm-hardened, ragged nto uas yuav hnav tsis tau sijhawm. Kuv kawm qhov no nyuaj heev rau thaum ntxov, sim khiav ib lub twj tso kua mis hlau tsev nyob nrog tsis optimized rau carbon steel. Cov cuab yeej siv sijhawm ntev ib nrab, thiab qhov ua tiav saum npoo yog qhov txaus ntshai, ua rau muaj teeb meem ntawm kev sib tsoo hauv kev sib dhos.
Cov graphite flakes nyob rau hauv grey hlau ua raws li chip breakers, ua rau nws kuj yooj yim rau tshuab. Ductile hlau lub nodular graphite tsis ua li ntawd. Koj xav tau cov cuab yeej ntse, zoo-rake, feem ntau nrog cov txheej tshwj xeeb xws li AlTiN, thiab koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov cov cua sov. Cia qhov chaw kub dhau, thiab koj tuaj yeem hloov kho qhov microstructure ntawm qhov chaw, tsim kom muaj txheej txheej nyuaj, uas yog npau suav phem rau kev ua haujlwm ntxiv lossis kev ua haujlwm. Daim ntawv thov coolant kom zoo tsis yog hais txog lub neej ntawm cov cuab yeej; nws yog hais txog kev khaws cia cov khoom vaj khoom tsev uas koj tau them rau hauv qhov casting.
Qhov no yog vim li cas koom tes nrog ib tus neeg muag khoom uas tuav ob qho tib si casting thiab CNC machining hauv tsev, zoo li QSY, tuaj yeem txhim kho yam khoom. Lawv nkag siab txog cov khoom siv tus cwj pwm los ntawm yaj mus rau qhov kawg. Lawv paub yuav ua li cas cov residual stresses los ntawm casting yuav cuam tshuam rau clamping thiab txiav, thiab lawv muaj peev xwm kho lawv cov tswv yim machining raws li. Nws tshem tawm cov ntiv tes taw ntawm qhov chaw tsim khoom thiab lub khw muag khoom thaum tsis muaj kev zam. Lub voj kev tawm tswv yim yog nruj.
Cov Lus Nug Alloy: Tsis yog Txhua Cov Hlau Hlau yog sib npaug
ASTM A yog qib sib txawv, tab sis qhov ntawd tsuas yog qhov pib. Rau qhov chaw nyob rau hauv corrosive ib puag ncig los yog kub siab, koj nkag mus rau hauv alloyed ductile hlau - silicon-molybdenum (SiMo) rau tshav kub tsis kam, los yog nickel-alloyed qib rau corrosion thiab hnav. Peb muaj ib qhov project rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm 800 ° C. Standard ductile hlau yuav muaj graphitized thiab ua tsis tau tejyam. Peb tau mus nrog lub siab-silicon ductile hlau, uas tsim cov txheej txheem silicon oxide ruaj khov, tab sis nws ua rau cov khoom nyuaj dua rau lub tshuab. Nws yog kev lag luam tawm, tab sis txoj cai rau daim ntawv thov.
Qee lub sij hawm, qhov kev xaiv tsis txawm tias hlau hlau. Rau qhov hnyav hnyav lossis cuam tshuam, koj tuaj yeem saib ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron), uas tau txais kev kho cua sov kom ua tiav lub zog thiab tawv zoo. Los yog, rau cov khoom siv tshuaj corrosive heev, lub siab nickel austenitic ductile hlau (Ni-Resist) yuav yog cov lus teb. Lub ntsiab lus yog, qhia txog cov hlau tsis huv dhau lawm. Koj yuav tsum tau txhais cov kev pabcuam ib puag ncig - kev ntxhov siab, qhov kub thiab txias, kev tshaj tawm, kev thauj khoom cyclic - kom xaiv cov qib zoo. Ib tus neeg muag khoom tau ntsib nrog cov alloys tshwj xeeb, raws li qhia hauv QSY cov ntaub ntawv nrog cobalt thiab nickel-based alloys, twb tau xav txog qib no; lawv tau txais qhov kev xaiv cov khoom yog kev siv-tsav.
Ib qho nuance feem ntau saib tsis taus yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv ferritic thiab pearlitic matrix hauv cov qib txheem. Ib tug ferritic matrix (ntau hlau, tsawg pearlite) muab zoo ductility thiab cuam tshuam tsis kam tab sis qis zog thiab hardness. Lub pearlitic matrix muaj zog dua thiab nyuaj, zoo dua rau hnav, tab sis tsawg dua. Koj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov no los ntawm kev kho cua sov tom qab casting. Nws yog lwm lub pob khawm tig, tab sis koj yuav tsum paub tias koj yuav tsum tig nws.
Tiag tiag-lub ntiaj teb Pitfalls thiab xav tias zoo
Tshaj li cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev kuaj sim, muaj ib qho tactile, yuav luag intuitive sab rau kev txiav txim ductile hlau mechanical qhov chaw. Lub suab yog qhov zoo ua rau thaum ntaus me me yog npub, tawv tawv, tsis yog ping ntse. Qhov saum npoo ntawm lub pob zeb zoo-ntxuav-ntxuav casting muaj qhov zoo ib yam, matte-grey kev ntxhib los mos, tsis muaj hlawv-hauv xuab zeb lossis pom tseeb txias kaw. Thaum lub sij hawm machining, cov chips yuav tsum tawm me me, tawg C's, tsis ntev, stringy tangles los yog plua plav. Cov no yog cov kev kuaj xyuas QC tsis raug cai uas koj tsim tau dhau sijhawm.
Ib qho kev poob siab loj yog tsis quav ntsej cov haujlwm thib ob. Hais tias koj muaj cov hlau nplaum uas xav tau plating lossis pleev xim. Yog hais tias lub casting tsis raug ntxuav kom zoo - tua blasted, ces chemically ntxuav kom tshem tawm cov residual xuab zeb los yog nplai - lub txheej yuav ua tsis tau tejyam. Adhesion yog ib qho teeb meem loj. Peb ib zaug muaj ib pawg ntawm cov khoom uas tsim blistering nyob rau hauv ib tug ntsev-spray xeem. Lub hauv paus ua rau yog microscopic silicate residue los ntawm cov xuab zeb molding uas tsis muaj leej twg xav kuaj xyuas tom qab blasting.
Lwm qhov teeb meem tshwm sim yog qhov ruaj khov, lossis tsis muaj, tom qab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Yog tias qhov casting tsis tau raug kev ntxhov siab kom zoo (feem ntau lub voj voog annealing), nws tuaj yeem txav tau ceeb tom qab koj txiav txim siab thawj zaug, pov tag nrho koj cov txheej txheem CNC ceev faj. Nws yog ib kauj ruam uas ntxiv cov nqi thiab sijhawm, tab sis hla nws yog kev twv txiaj. Ib tus neeg muag khoom txhim khu kev qha yuav muaj cov txheej txheem txheej txheem rau qhov no raws li ib feem geometry thiab phab ntsa thickness.
Integration thiab Supplier Relationship
Thaum kawg, tau txais kev ua haujlwm, txhim khu kev qha ductile hlau ib feem tsis yog kev lag luam kev yuav khoom ntawm widget. Nws yog kev sib koom ua ke mini. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws yog los ntawm kev koom nrog cov foundry thiab machinist thaum ntxov. Lawv puas tuaj yeem hais kom hloov lub kaum sab xis me ntsis los txhim kho pwm sau? Puas yuav ntxiv ib lub vojvoog me me hauv ib lub ces kaum tshem tawm qhov kev ntxhov siab thiab lub peev xwm ua kom mob taub hau? Puas yog qhov kev zam rau ntawm qhov tsis tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsav tsheb 80% ntawm tus nqi machining?
Ib lub tuam txhab uas muaj cov kev pabcuam ntsug tag nrho, los ntawm kev tsim qauv (yog tias xav tau) mus rau casting rau machining, zoo li qhov koj pom nrog Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), muab ib lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev lav ris. Lawv 30-xyoo keeb kwm nyob rau hauv casting thiab machining tsis yog ib tug kev lag luam kab; nws qhia tias lawv tau taug qab cov teeb meem tseeb no - shrinkage, distortion, cuab yeej hnav, ua tiav - hla ntau txhiab tus xaj. Lawv tau tsim cov txheej txheem tswj thiab kev paub tsis meej. Thaum koj xa lawv daim duab kos rau cov khoom siv hlau nplaum, lawv tab tom nyeem ntawm cov kab, xav txog yuav ua li cas kom nws castable, machinable, thiab ruaj, tsis yog yuav hais li cas.
Yog li, thaum kuv xav txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hlau hlau tam sim no, kuv xav tsawg dua txog cov khoom siv hauv phau ntawv thiab ntau ntxiv txog cov saw hlau ntawm kev txiav txim siab thiab kev tswj hwm uas tig cov khoom zoo rau hauv ib qho tseem ceeb. Nws yog tus foundryman txoj kev txawj, tus kws kho tshuab qhov tsis, tus engineer tus specification, tag nrho cov dlhos. Cov khoom muaj peev xwm, tab sis nws cov kev ua tau zoo yog xa los ntawm cov txheej txheem. Thiab cov txheej txheem ntawd yog txhua yam.
