Thaum cov neeg feem coob hnov 'poob ciab aluminium casting', lawv pom qhov tsis zoo, ze-net-zoo li, npaj mus. Qhov ntawd yog kev npau suav kev lag luam. Qhov tseeb, qhov koj tsuas yog kawm hauv khw hauv pem teb, yog ib qho kev sib tham tas li ntawm fluidity, shrinkage, thiab tsis tu ncua nrhiav ntawm lub suab sab hauv. Nws tsis yog hais txog kev ua kom zoo nkauj xwb; nws yog hais txog engineering lub solidification tshwm sim nws tus kheej. Ntau dhau kho nws zoo li daim duab dub lossis, qhov phem dua, tsuas yog lwm yam khoom ntawm daim ntawv yuav khoom. Qhov tseeb yog, yog tias koj tsis xav txog cov qauv nplej txij li lub sijhawm koj tsim cov qauv siv quav ciab, koj twb dhau lawm.
Lub Core Misconception: Nws yog txhua yam hais txog Dimensional raug
Cov neeg siv khoom tshiab, txawm tias qee tus kws tshaj lij engineers, tuaj nyob rau hauv fixated ntawm nruj tolerances. Lawv xav tau qhov dimensional precision peev casting yog nto moo rau. Thiab tseeb, rau ib qho yooj yim bracket, uas yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb. Tab sis nrog txhuas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau qhov chaw nyob rau hauv thermal lossis mechanical stress, kev sib tham yuav tsum hloov. Tus nqi tiag tiag ntawm ploj wax txheej txheem rau txhuas tsis yog tias nws tuaj yeem tuav tau +/- 0.005 kam rau ua. Nws yog qhov uas koj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam li cas cov hlau khov. Koj tuaj yeem ncaj qha shrinkage rau feeder, tsis yog phab ntsa tseem ceeb. Qhov ntawd yog qhov txawv ntawm ib feem uas zoo nkaus li zoo thiab ib qho uas kav ntev.
Kuv nco qab ib qhov project rau lub tsev drone mount. Tus qauv CAD tau zoo nkauj, nrog cov phab ntsa nyias thiab txoj hauv kev ua kom txias. Thawj prototypes tuaj tawm dimensionally zoo meej. Dhau qhov CMM kos nrog cov xim ya. Tab sis nyob rau hauv kev ntsuam xyuas kev co, lawv ua tsis tau tejyam ntawm lub hauv paus - ib tug nkig tawg. Qhov teeb meem? Cov aluminium casting solidified dhau directionally, tsim ib tug columnar grain qauv txoj cai ntawm kev nyuaj siab point. Lub geometry txhawb nqa nws. Peb yuav tsum rov qab mus, tsis yog rau CNC program, tab sis mus rau cov ntoo siv quav ciab. Peb ntxiv cov cua txias txias hauv lub plhaub ceramic ntawm qhov chaw tshwj xeeb los txhawb kev tsim cov qoob loo ntau dua nyob rau ntawd. Nws ntxiv ob hnub rau cov qauv theem, tab sis nws tau hloov ib feem los ntawm ib pawg neeg sib tw rau cov khoom siv txhim khu kev qha.
Qhov no yog qhov uas generic foundries dawm. Lawv yuav ntsia saum npoo tag tab sis nco cov metallurgy. Ib lub tuam txhab uas tau txais qhov no, zoo li QSY (Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.), tsis yog muag castings xwb; lawv muag cov txheej txheem solidification tswj. Nrog lawv cov keeb kwm yav dhau hauv cov alloys tshwj xeeb, lawv nkag siab tias kev tswj xyuas thermal yog txhua yam, txawm tias koj tab tom nchuav superalloys lossis A356 txhuas. Txoj kev xav ntawd yog qhov tseem ceeb.
The Wax Stage: Qhov twg Sib ntaus sib tua yeej yeej (lossis poob)
Txhua yam hinges rau ntawm tus qauv siv quav ciab. Nws qhov zoo, nws qhov sib xws, nws qhov kub thiab txias thaum sib dhos. Ib qho me me, qhov sib txawv me ntsis hauv kev txhaj tshuaj siab - cov no tsis yog cuam tshuam rau saum npoo; lawv tsim cov chaw tsis muaj zog hauv lub plhaub ceramic uas tuaj yeem ua rau khiav lossis fins thaum lub ncuav. Peb khiav peb cov quav ciab ntawm qhov kub thiab txias me ntsis dua li phau ntawv qhia. Nws ntws zoo dua mus rau hauv cov ntsiab lus zoo ntawm cov pwm, txo qhov kev kub ntxhov, thiab muab cov qauv denser. Kev lag luam tawm yog lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev dua thiab ua tib zoo tuav. Tab sis rau qhov complex, nws tsis yog-negotiable.
Kev sib dhos, lossis tsob ntoo, yog lwm yam txuj ci. Yuav ua li cas koj lub kaum sab xis ntawm cov qauv, txoj kab uas hla ntawm wax sprue - qhov no dictates qhov ntws ntawm molten aluminium. Koj xav tau ib qho kev nce qib, tranquil filling, tsis muaj turbulent splash. Kuv tau pom cov ruined vim tsob ntoo yog ntsug dhau lawm, ua rau cov hlau ya mus rau hauv nruab nrab thiab ntxiab roj hauv cov kab noj hniav. Tam sim no, peb tsim cov ntoo nrog me ntsis helical layout. Nws zoo li tsis tseem ceeb, tab sis nws txhawb kom muaj kev sib tw maj mam sau. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus me me, tsis zoo nkauj uas koj yuav tsis pom hauv phau ntawv kawm, yug los ntawm kev saib ntau pua lub ncuav thiab txiav qhib qhov seem.
Kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig wax yog kev sib ntaus tas mus li. Cov av noo nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov tuaj yeem ua rau cov qauv hws, ua rau muaj teeb meem ntawm lub plhaub. Peb muaj ib pawg ntawm aerospace brackets ib zaug uas lub plhaub tau tawg thaum lub sij hawm dewaxing. Siv peb lub lis piam los taug qab nws rov qab mus rau qhov hloov maj mam, hloov pauv raws caij nyoog hauv cov ntaub ntawv polymer cov ntsiab lus los ntawm peb tus neeg muag khoom, uas hloov nws cov thermal expansion coefficient. Lub voj voog autoclave tau nruj heev rau cov khoom ntawd. Tam sim no, peb khiav lub plhaub me me ntawm txhua qhov khoom xa tuaj tshiab. Nws yog ib qho hassle, tab sis pheej yig dua li kev ua haujlwm tag nrho.
Lub Plhaub: Ceramic tsis yog Ceramic xwb
Feem ntau cov specs tsuas yog hu rau zircon-raws li thawj slurry thiab fused silica thaub qab. Qhov ntawd yog phau ntawv ua si. Tab sis dab ntxwg nyoog yog nyob rau hauv lub dip cycles thiab lub stucco gradation. Rau nyias-walled aluminium castings, koj xav tau lub plhaub uas muaj zog txaus los tiv thaiv cov hlau siab tab sis permeable txaus kom tso cua tawm. Muaj ntau lub tsho tiv no, thiab koj yuav muaj roj porosity; tsawg dhau, thiab koj yuav raug lub plhaub tawg lossis kub kua muag ntawm lub casting.
Peb tau tsiv mus rau cov txheej txheem hloov kho rau peb cov kev ua haujlwm siab siab aluminium. Peb siv lub finer, 200-mesh stucco rau lub tsho thib ob thiab thib peb es tsis txhob dhia ncaj nraim rau cov khoom ntxhib. Nws tsim kom muaj ib tug ntau uniform thickness thiab zoo dua nto tiav nyob rau hauv sib sib zog nqus recesses. Nws kuj, peb pom, txo cov hlab ntsha - cov kev cuam tshuam cov fins ceramic uas tawg tawm thiab nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw casting. Nws ntxiv ib lub voj voog ntxiv, yog li nws kim dua, tab sis nws txo qis lub sij hawm tom qab cam khwb cia. Ntawm kev khiav ntawm ntau pua ntu, lej ua haujlwm hauv peb qhov kev nyiam.
Kev ziab yog qhov sib txawv uas ntsiag to. Rushing kom qhuav ntawm cov tsho tiv no yog qhov kev poob siab tshaj plaws hauv lub khw muag khoom. Kev ziab tsis tiav ua rau cov txheej txheej nrog cov txheej txheem sib txuas tsis zoo. Thaum lub sij hawm kub kub hnyiab tawm, lub zog siab los ntawm cov seem noo noo tuaj yeem delaminate lub plhaub los ntawm sab hauv. Peb tau tsim txoj cai nyuaj: ambient humidity tshaj 70%? Tsis siv neeg 4-teev txuas ntxiv ntawm lub sijhawm ziab rau txhua lub tsho loj. Tsis muaj lus sib cav. Nws maj mam teem sijhawm tab sis tshem tawm tag nrho pawg ntawm lub plhaub tsis meej.
Lub Pour: Ntau tshaj li tsuas yog sau lub pwm
Pouring aluminium hauv ib ploj wax casting txheej txheem tsis zoo li sau cov xuab zeb pwm. Lub plhaub ceramic yog kub, nyob ib ncig ntawm 1000 ° C, thiab cov hlau txias ceev. Koj muaj lub qhov rais ntawm tej zaum 10-15 vib nas this ntawm fluidity zoo rau ib tug raug peev. Lub rooj vag system yuav tsum ua haujlwm zoo kawg nkaus. Peb ib txwm pre-heat peb ladles. Ib lub tsho txias tuaj yeem tso cov hlau kub 20-30 ° C thaum lub sijhawm hloov mus, tua nws cov dej ua ntej nws txawm tsoo lub khob sprue.
Lub ncuav nws tus kheej yuav tsum yog ib tug tas mus li, tsis tu ncua kwj. Tsis nres, tsis muaj dej, tsis muaj glugging. Koj xav tuav lub siab tas li metallostatic kom thawb cov hlau mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov pwm. Peb cob qhia peb cov neeg ua dej num saib xyuas lub nraub qaum-siab hauv lub khob sprue. Yog hais tias nws nce ceev heev, nws txhais tau hais tias cov pwm puv turbulently. Qee lub sij hawm, koj yuav tsum ua kom qeeb tus nqi ntawm nruab nrab-kwj, uas xav tias muaj kev cuam tshuam. Nws yog kev txawj tactile. Kuv tau sawv ntawm qhov ntawd nrog cov kws tshaj lij tshiab, coj lawv: Xav li ntawd? Lub khob tau hnyav dhau sai. Yooj yim tawm... tam sim no khov kho.
Tom qab nchuav, peb tau siv los cia cov pwm txias hauv huab cua ambient. Qhov yuam kev loj rau qee qhov geometry. Peb muaj teeb meem nrog kub tearing ntawm qhov chaw nrog drastic seem hloov. Cov seem nyias yuav solidify thiab cog lus, rub sib nrug ntawm tseem-molten, thicker seem. Tam sim no, peb muaj insulated thawv ntim nrog vermiculite. Peb hloov cov pwm kub ncaj qha rau hauv lawv kom tswj tau, ua kom txias txias. Nws ntxiv lwm kauj ruam, tab sis nws yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kho cua sov hauv pwm uas txo cov kev ntxhov siab. Tau daws txog 80% ntawm peb cov teeb meem kub kua muag thaum hmo ntuj.
Machining & Kev koom tes nrog cov khw zoo li QSY
Qhov no yog qhov uas cov roj hmab tau raws txoj kev. Ib tug zoo meej aluminium peev casting tsuas yog zoo li lub tshuab khw uas ua tiav nws. Qhov no yog vim li cas tus qauv ntawm lub foundry uas tseem ua CNC machining loj, zoo li qhov koj pom ntawm QSY's operation, muaj zog heev. Lawv to taub tag nrho txoj kev taug. Thaum peb tsim lub casting, peb twb xav txog cov ntsiab lus fixturing, cov nyiaj tso cai, thiab lub peev xwm rau residual stress uas yuav warp ib feem thaum nws yog clamped thiab txiav.
Muaj ib qho teeb meem classic: lub casting tuaj nrog qhov ntev zoo nkauj, tab sis thaum tus kws kho tshuab siv thawj zaug txiav, qhov kev ntxhib los mos hloov pauv lossis cov cuab yeej sib tham. Feem ntau, nws yog ib qho subsurface shrinkage porosity los yog ib qho chaw txias me ntsis uas CMM sojntsuam yeej tsis tau kov. Ib tug foundry uas tsuas cam khwb cia yuav liam lub machining tsis. Lub khw tshuab uas tsuas yog cov cav tov yuav liam qhov zoo ntawm casting. Ib tug vertically integrated muab kev pab yuav tsum tau daws nws nyob rau hauv. Lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov machining anomaly rov qab mus rau qhov kub thiab txias los yog lub plhaub ua ntej cua sov los ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Cov lus teb rov qab yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Piv txwv li, QSY qhov kev paub nrog hard-machining cobalt thiab nickel alloys txhais ncaj qha rau txhuas. Lawv lub siab xav yog hais txog kev tshem tawm cov khoom kwv yees los ntawm kev ncaj ncees substrate. Lawv paub tias rau lub casting destined rau ib tug 5-axis zeb, tej zaum koj yuav tau ntxiv ib tug me me, kev txi rau ntawm lub ntsej muag tsis tseem ceeb rau kev ruaj ntseg thaum lub sij hawm machining, ib yam dab tsi ib tug ntshiab-play foundry tej zaum yuav tsis lees paub raws li qhov tsis tsim nyog. Nws yog qhov kawg-rau-kawg foundations uas hloov ib txoj kev prototyping rau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom siv tau. Koj tsis yog yuav ib qho casting xwb; koj tab tom yuav qhov kev lees paub tias nws yuav coj tus cwj pwm zoo hauv qab lub cuab yeej txiav.
Kev xav zaum kawg: Nws yog txheej txheem, tsis yog khoom
Yog li, yog tias koj muab ib yam tseg, cia nws ua qhov no: poob ciab aluminium casting yog ib txoj kev sib koom ua ke. Optimizing ib qhov txuas hauv kev sib cais feem ntau ua rau lwm qhov. Cov wax cuam tshuam rau lub plhaub, lub plhaub cuam tshuam rau qhov sau, qhov sau cuam tshuam rau cov qauv nplej, thiab cov qauv nplej cuam tshuam rau txhua yam uas tuaj tom qab. Kev vam meej yog los ntawm kev saib nws ua ib qho, txuas mus ntxiv.
Cov tuam txhab lag luam uas vam meej hauv qhov chaw no, cov uas koj tuaj yeem tso siab rau ntau dua li cov lus qhia yooj yim, yog cov uas tau ua haujlwm hauv cov txheej txheem no-xav. Lawv muaj qhov caws pliav los ntawm kev ua tsis tiav yav dhau los - lub plhaub tawg, cov ntu ntxeem tau, cov khoom siv ua haujlwm tsis zoo - thiab lawv tau tsim lawv cov txheej txheem nyob ib ncig ntawm cov tshooj lus. Lawv cov vev xaib, zoo li ib qho rau Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., tej zaum yuav sau cov kev pabcuam xws li plhaub pwm casting thiab CNC machining cais, tab sis tus nqi tiag tiag yog nyob rau hauv yuav ua li cas lawv raug yuam kom koom ua ke. Qhov ntawd yog dab tsi xa cov khoom tivthaiv uas tsis yog ua tau raws li kev luam, tab sis ua tau zoo hauv lub ntiaj teb tiag. Nws yog ntxhov, rov ua dua, thiab tag nrho ntawm kev sib haum xeeb. Tab sis thaum nws nyem, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev zoo dua los ua ib qho nyuaj, ua haujlwm siab aluminium.
