Thaum cov neeg feem coob hnov 'hlau peev casting', lawv pom ib qho yooj yim, yuav luag cov txheej txheem thaum ub: ua tus qauv siv quav ciab, poob rau hauv ceramic, yaj tawm cov quav ciab, ncuav hauv hlau. Ua tiav. Tab sis qhov ntawd yog qhov uas thawj loj misconception dag. Qhov kev sib tw tiag tiag tsis yog hauv kev nkag siab txog cov kauj ruam yooj yim - nws yog kev tswj xyuas ntau txhiab qhov sib txawv hauv txhua qhov kom tau txais ib feem uas tsis yog cov duab xwb, tab sis muaj kev ua haujlwm, txhim khu kev qha. Kuv tau pom ntau qhov project stumble vim hais tias ib tug neeg xav tias nws tsuas yog 'ntoo thiab mus' ua haujlwm. Qhov tseeb yog, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siv tau casting thiab siab ncaj ncees ib qho yog qhov loj, thiab nws tau sau nrog cov ntsiab lus feem ntau cov nplooj ntawv spec tsis tau hais txog.
Lub Plhaub Game: Nws Tsis Yog Ib Tug Pwm
Cia peb pib nrog lub plhaub, lub hauv paus literal. Lub sij hawm kev lag luam 'plhaub pwm casting' feem ntau tau siv sib hloov, tab sis nyob rau hauv precision peev casting, lub plhaub yog ntau txheej engineering khoom nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej. Nws tsis yog ib lub dip. Lub plhaub raug rau lub siab-alloy steel feem yuav koom nrog 7 mus rau 9 lub tsho tiv no: lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag nrog ultra-fine zircon hmoov txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nthuav dav, ua raws li nruab nrab cov tsho tiv no nrog coarser silica xuab zeb rau lub zog, thiab feem ntau yog lub tsho tiv no zaum kawg. Kev ziab ib puag ncig ntawm txhua qhov poob - av noo, qhov kub thiab txias, airflow - yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kuv nco qab ib pawg ntawm stainless hlau valve lub cev peb tau khiav qhov twg lub plhaub zoo li zoo meej, tab sis peb muaj cov pob liab liab ntawm qhov chaw pitting. Tom qab hnub ntawm lub taub hau-kos, peb taug qab nws rov qab mus rau lub caij nyoog nyob rau hauv ambient humidity thaum lub sij hawm ziab ntawm 3rd thiab 4th tsho tiv no. Lub plhaub tsis kho kom zoo, ua rau micro-cracking thiab gas evolution thaum lub ncuav. Qhov kho tsis nyob hauv qhov cub; nws yog nyob rau hauv dehumidifying chav ziab.
Qhov no yog qhov uas tus foundry qhov kev paub qhia. Ib lub tuam txhab zoo li Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), nrog rau lawv cov ntaub ntawv 30-xyoo, yuav muaj lub chaw nco txog cov hom ntawm ib puag ncig nuances. Lawv lub website, tsi.com, teev lawv cov hauj lwm nrog plhaub pwm thiab peev casting, thiab qhov sib xyaw ua ke yog qhov tseem ceeb. Nws txhais tau hais tias lawv nkag siab qhov spectrum los ntawm cov txheej txheem plhaub yooj yim mus rau tag nrho precision ceramic plhaub txoj kev. Rau ib tus neeg yuav khoom, qhov tob ntawd txhais tau tias lawv tsis tshua muaj qhov muag tsis pom los ntawm cov txheej txheem-rhiab heev.
Cov khoom xaiv rau lub plhaub ncaj qha cuam tshuam nrog cov hlau raug nchuav. Ncuav lub superalloy zoo li npib tsib xee-raws li alloy ntawm tshaj 1500 ° C xav tau lub plhaub nrog siab refractoriness thiab thermal shock resistance. Kev siv cov txheej txheem slurry txhais tau tias rau carbon steel yuav muaj kev puas tsuaj - lub plhaub yuav poob los yog tawg. Kev xaiv cov binders (colloidal silica vs. ethyl silicate) thiab cov ntaub ntawv stucco yog ib txoj haujlwm chemistry hauv nws tus kheej.
Alloys: Qhov twg Spec Raws Li Kev Muaj Peev Xwm
Hais txog cov ntaub ntawv, cov npe alloy yog lwm thaj chaw uas muaj cov cuab yeej hloov maj mam. Yog lawm, stainless hlau yog ib qho, tab sis 'stainless' npog 304, 316, 17-4 PH, thiab lwm yam, txhua tus muaj ntau yam sib txawv thiab kev coj tus cwj pwm. 316 shrinks ntau dua carbon steel thiab nws yuav ua rau kub tearing yog hais tias lub rooj vag kaw lus tsis yog tsim los kom haum. Peb kawm qhov no txoj kev nyuaj ntawm qhov project thaum ntxov rau marine fittings. Cov ntawv luam tau hu rau 316, thiab peb gated nws zoo li peb xav tau rau cov hlau me me. Tus nqi tawm los yog abysmal, nrog cov kab nrib pleb radiating los ntawm lub rooj vag junctions. Nws yog rooj plaub classic ntawm kev ua raws li cov spec yam tsis tau siv cov txheej txheem kev paub rau qhov tshwj xeeb alloy.
Cov alloys tshwj xeeb-raws li cobalt thiab npib tsib xee-raws li alloys-yog tag nrho cov tsiaj nyaum sib txawv. Lawv tsis yog 'nyuaj rau yaj.' Lawv cov fluidity feem ntau tsis zoo, lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev sib cais ntawm cov ntsiab lus, thiab lawv muaj tus cwj pwm phem ntawm kev hnov mob nrog lub plhaub yog tias chemistry tsis raug. Kev vam meej ntawm no yog tsawg dua txog kev quab yuam thiab ntau ntxiv txog kev ua kom zoo: qhov tseeb pre-heat kub rau pwm, kev tswj nruj dua ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab feem ntau, kev kho cua sov tom qab tsis yog ib qho kev xaiv tab sis ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tiav cov txheej txheem microstructure. Thaum kuv pom lub chaw tsim khoom zoo li QSY qhia meej cov npe ntawm cov hlau no, nws qhia tau tias lawv yuav tau nqis peev rau hauv cov kws tshaj lij metallurgical thiab cov txheej txheem tswj kev xav tau los tswj lawv, tsis yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob xwb.
Cam khwb cia hlau, thaum zoo li kev zam txim ntau, muaj nws tus kheej quirks hauv peev casting. Kev ua tiav zoo sib xws graphite tsim hauv cov ntu nyias yog qhov nyuaj. Kev ua kom txias sai sai hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm lub plhaub ceramic tuaj yeem ua rau cov npoo txias (dawb hlau), ua rau qhov tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm. Qhov no feem ntau yuav tsum tau hloov kho rau cov inoculant los yog me ntsis redesign ntawm seem thickness.
CNC Handshake: Vim Li Cas Machining Tsis Yog Tom Qab
Qhov no ua rau lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas feem ntau tsis saib xyuas: qhov kev sib koom tes los ntawm kev tsim khoom mus rau machining. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws-raws li-cam khwb cia yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem tuav ruaj ntseg hauv CNC vise lossis yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab. Qhov no yog vim li cas kev koom ua ke ntawm casting thiab CNC machining nyob rau hauv ib lub ru tsev, raws li QSY ua, yog ib tug loj ua hauj lwm kom zoo dua. Cov kws ua haujlwm casting tuaj yeem tsim cov ntoo siv quav ciab thiab suav nrog cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm raws li qhov tseeb shrinkage thiab distortion qauv uas lawv pom rau ib tug muab alloy. Lawv tuaj yeem ntxiv cov hlua khi rau hauv qhov chaw tsis tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau cov tshuab siv los ua khoom siv.
Kuv tau nyob rau sab machining sim tuav lub peev txheej-cam khwb cia turbine hniav uas tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus sib txuas. Nws yog npau suav phem. Koj xaus rau kev tsim lub puab tsaig muag kim lossis txawm tsim ib qho kev cai fixture, uas tua cov nqi txiaj ntsig ntawm ze-net-puab casting. Thaum cov pab pawg casting thiab machining sib txuas lus los ntawm cov qauv tsim, lawv tuaj yeem pom zoo rau tej yam xws li ntxiv cov tiaj tiaj me me rau ntawm lub flange lossis kom ntseeg tau tias lub bore yog puag ncig txaus los siv ua cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb. Nws hloov cov txheej txheem sequential rau hauv ib qho kev sib koom ua ke.
Lub machining ntawm cov cam khwb cia qhov chaw kuj ua hauj lwm raws li qhov zoo tshaj plaws zoo tswv yim voj. Tus kws kho tshuab yog thawj zaug pom cov porosity subsurface, tawv me ntsis, lossis kev suav nrog. Yog tias casting thiab machining yog cov chaw sib cais, qhov kev tawm tswv yim no qeeb thiab feem ntau muaj kev tawm tsam (koj qhov tsis zoo casting tsoo kuv lub cuab yeej). Thaum nws yog ib lub khw, cov ntaub ntawv ntws ncaj qha rov qab mus rau hauv pem teb foundry rau kev hloov kho tam sim ntawd.
Gating and feeding: Invisible Architecture
Rov qab mus rau cov txheej txheem casting ntshiab. Kev tsim ntawm lub rooj vag thiab kev noj zaub mov - cov kab uas xa cov hlau thiab cov dej ntim khoom noj uas pub shrinkage - yog qhov kev kos duab thiab kev tshawb fawb sib koom ua ke. Software simulation pab tam sim no, tab sis nws tseem xav tau kev paub txog kev txhais lus. Lub hom phiaj yog kom ua tiav cov kev taw qhia solidification, qhov twg ib feem solidifies los ntawm qhov deb tshaj plaws rov qab mus rau lub feeder, uas yuav tsum yog qhov kawg tshaj plaws kom solidify.
Ib qho kev ua tsis tiav hauv hlau peev casting yog misjudging no. Peb ib zaug tau muaj lub vaj tse tuab-walled hauv duplex stainless hlau. Lub simulation saib huv si, tab sis peb muaj ib tug shrinkage kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv ib tug tseem ceeb load-bearing web. Lub simulation tau xav tias zoo meej thermal zog rau lub plhaub. Hauv kev muaj tiag, qhov sib txawv me ntsis hauv zos hauv lub plhaub tuab tsim qhov chaw kub kub uas cuam tshuam qhov kev sib zog ua ntej. Kev daws yog ntxiv me me, judiciously muab tso rau txias-ib daim ntawm tooj liab tso rau hauv lub plhaub-kom hauv zos ceev kom txias. Nws yog cov kev kho me me no uas tau los ntawm xyoo ua thiab pom.
Lwm subtlety yog lub ncuav nws tus kheej. Muaj ntau cov alloys, koj tsis tuaj yeem pov tseg cov hlau rau hauv xwb. Muaj cov tswv yim zoo li qaij pouring kom txo tau qhov kub thiab txias thiab tsis txhob muaj cua los yog slag. Rau qee qhov reactive alloys, koj tuaj yeem nchuav rau hauv qhov chaw tiv thaiv. Nws yog cov txheej txheem txheej txheem uas cais cov khoom lag luam los ntawm ib qho kev ua haujlwm.
Kev ntsuas tiag tiag: Kev sib raug zoo dhau sijhawm
Yog li, dab tsi txhais tau tias muaj peev xwm peev casting tus neeg muag khoom? Nws tsis yog lub peev xwm los ua ib tus qauv zoo meej. Nws yog lub peev xwm los khiav batch 001 thiab batch 100 nrog tib seem stability, nto tiav, thiab txhua yam khoom. Qhov no yog qhov uas 30 xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm rau lub tuam txhab zoo li Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology dhau los ua khoom muaj nqis. Nws txhais tau tias lawv muaj peev xwm ua kom ruaj khov rau lawv cov txheej txheem sib txawv - slurry viscosity, daim ntawv thov stucco, dewaxing autoclave cycles, cub ramp tus nqi - los ntawm kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua thiab hloov kho.
Kev sib raug zoo kuj yog hais txog kev tswj cov qauv siv quav ciab. Kev txhaj tshuaj tsis haum rau cov quav ciab, cov quav ciab sib xyaw nws tus kheej (uas tuaj yeem ua tus tswv), thiab cov xwm txheej khaws cia ntawm cov khoom siv quav ciab tag nrho cuam tshuam qhov kawg qhov ntev. Lub khw nrog cov kev paub ntev ntev muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom shrinkage rau cov alloys sib txawv thiab ib feem geometry uas dhau mus dhau ntawm cov phau ntawv muaj nuj nqis, ua kom zoo dua los ntawm lawv tus kheej ntsuas keeb kwm.
Thaum kawg, kev ua tiav hlau peev casting yog kev qhuab qhia ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm kev tswj hwm. Nws tau nkag siab tias qhov kev txiav txim siab hauv chav siv quav ciab echoes hauv cov cua sov kho qhov cub, thiab tias kev txuag ntawm cov khoom siv plhaub tuaj yeem raug nqi nyiaj txiag hauv kev siv cov khoom seem. Cov txheej txheem nthuav tawm nws cov lus zais maj mam, los ntawm kev soj ntsuam tus neeg mob thiab qee zaum mob tsis ua haujlwm. Thaum nws ua tiav lawm, nws tsim cov khoom uas muaj zog heev, nyuaj, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig - tab sis tau txais muaj dab tsi tab sis yooj yim. Nws yog qhov sib sib zog nqus, cov tswv yim ntawm cov laj thawj thiab cov txiaj ntsig uas koj tau nqis peev tiag tiag thaum koj xaiv tus khub rau koj cov castings.
