Wb tham txog MIM. Hlau Txhaj Molding. Yog tias koj tau nyob ib puag ncig kev tsim khoom ntev txaus, koj tau hnov cov suab: Nws zoo li cov yas txhaj tshuaj molding, tab sis rau hlau! Qhov ntawd yog glossy daim ntawv qhia kab, ib qho uas muag cov tshuab thiab tau txais kev tswj hwm zoo siab. Qhov tseeb, kev sib tsoo txhua hnub ntawm nws, yog deb messier, ntau nuanced, thiab frankly, nthuav ntau dua. Nws tsis yog khawv koob. Nws yog kev seev cev zoo nkauj ntawm cov hmoov, polymer, cua sov, thiab lub siab, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm tus qauv siv tau thiab cov khoom ua tau zoo yog qhov uas koj khwv tau koj cov kab txaij. Ntau lub khw dhia hauv kev xav tias nws yog kev sib pauv ncaj qha rau kev nqis peev casting lossis CNC machining, thiab qhov ntawd yog thawj pawg ntawm kim, sintered seem los ntawm.
Feedstock Conundrum: Nws Txhua Yam Pib nrog Granule
Lub plawv ntawm MIM tsis yog lub tshuab molding; nws yog cov khoom noj. Qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ultra-nplua hlau hmoov thiab ntau cov khoom sib txuas ua ke. Kuv twb pom tej yaam num nyob ntawd. Koj tsis tuaj yeem tsuas yog tuav 316L hmoov thiab cov khoom siv wax-polymer binder thiab cia siab tias yuav ua tiav. Qhov loj me me faib, cov duab, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa oxygen - nws dictates qhov kawg sintered ceev thiab seem stability. Ib tus khub zoo li Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY) tau txais qhov no. Nrog lawv cov keeb kwm sib sib zog nqus hauv peev casting thiab alloys, lawv nkag siab txog cov khoom siv hauv qab cua sov. Thaum lawv muab cov khoom noj rau cov khoom kho mob cobalt-chrome, lawv tsis yog yuav khoom xwb; lawv tab tom ntsuas nws qhov debinding thiab sintering teb raws li kaum xyoo ntawm kev tuav cov khoom tshwj xeeb zoo sib xws.
Thiab tus binder? Nws yog ib ntus scaffold. Nws txoj haujlwm yog ntws zoo nkauj thaum txhaj tshuaj, tom qab ntawd ploj tag yam tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam cov xim av tawg. Xaiv qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj: blistering, slumping, lossis kev puas tsuaj tawg thaum lub sij hawm thermal debinding. Nws yog ib daim ntawv qhia koj tweak ntau xyoo. Cov MIM txheej txheem yog unforgiving ntawm no - ib tug 0.5% sib txawv nyob rau hauv binder formulation tuaj yeem khawb tag nrho lub cub tawg.
Peb kawm qhov no txoj kev nyuaj ntawm lub tsev nyob thaum ntxov aerospace sensor. Lub geometry yog complex, nyias-walled. Peb tus thawj-qib feedstock tsum tau lees paub peb lawv tus qauv binder yog universal. Cov molded qhov chaw saib zoo meej. Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub catalytic debinding theem, lawv swelled zoo li paj kws. Cov binder tshem tawm kinetics yog tsis ncaj ncees lawm rau peb qhov cross-section. Peb yuav tsum rov qab mus, ua haujlwm nrog tus kws tshaj lij los kho qhov system. Qhov ntawd yog tus nqi zais. Qhov tiag MIM Cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau nyob hauv cov khoom siv science nuances, tsis yog hauv kev khiav hauj lwm xovxwm.
Moulding: Qhov twg yas ntsib hlau (Thiab teeb meem pib)
Okay, koj tau txais koj cov khoom noj. Tam sim no koj txhaj nws. Qhov no pom tau tias paub txog cov yas molder, tab sis nrog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb. Lub yaj viscosity siab dua, rhiab heev rau qhov kub thiab txias. Koj tab tom sib ntaus sib tua hmoov-binder sib cais (ib qho npau suav phem hu ua slumping) yog tias qhov tsis raug. Cov cuab yeej xav tau kom suav nyiaj ntau dua, thiab tsis sib xws, shrinkage tom qab - feem ntau 15-20%, tsis yog 0.5% koj npaj rau hauv yas lossis machining.
Kev tsim lub rooj vag yog qhov tseem ceeb. Koj xav tau kev so huv, tab sis cov khoom siv yog abrasive. Kuv twb pom steel pwm hnav tawm sai dua nrog MIM feedstock dua li iav-filled nylon. Kev ua pa yog lwm yam tsiaj nyaum. Cua ntxiab tsis yog ua rau lub ntsej muag tsis zoo xwb; Nws tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom uas dhau los ua qhov pib tawg tom qab sintering. Nws yog cov txheej txheem me me no uas cov khoom poob sib nrug. Ib qho zoo kawg nkaus molded tsuas yog ib feem ntsuab, tag nrho ntawm binder. Nws muaj lub zog ntawm ib qho nyuaj cheese. Kev tuav nws yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb racks thiab tais; ib tug clumsy hloov lwm lub tsev thiab koj tau txais ib tug ntiv tes-zoo li tus tsis xws luag uas tsuas yog qhia txog post-sinter.
Qhov no yog qhov uas cov khw sib xyaw ua ke muaj ntug. Saib ntawm QSY kev teeb tsa (https://www.tsingtaocnc.com). Lawv tsis yog ib tug xwb MIM tsev. Lawv muaj casting thiab CNC machining hauv tsev. Vim li cas qhov ntawd tseem ceeb? Vim tias lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov pwm nrog qhov sib txawv sintering thiab lub hom phiaj kawg ntawm lub hom phiaj hauv siab los ntawm hnub ib. Lawv to taub cov kaum sab xis, phab ntsa thickness hloov, thiab kev ntxhov siab ntau los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm hlau, tsis yog cov yas molding xwb. Lawv pab pawg CNC kuj tuaj yeem tshuab cov pwm ntxig rau qhov kev ua siab ntev xav tau, thiab tom qab ntawd, ua haujlwm thib ob ntawm qhov sintered yog tias qhov tseem ceeb xav tau. Qhov kev sib xyaw ntsug ntawd txo qis qhov kev ua si ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm molding, sintering, thiab machining cov neeg muag khoom.
Ntev, qeeb taug kev los ntawm lub cub tawg
Sintering. The make-or-break phase. Qhov no yog qhov uas lub binder raug tshem tawm thiab cov hlau hais fuse. Nws yog ib hnub-ntev thermal voj voog, tsis yog lub ci ci. Debinding ua ntej, maj mam, kom tsis txhob muaj siab build-up nyob rau hauv ib feem. Tom qab ntawd qhov kub nce mus txog ze ntawm cov hlau melting point. Kev tswj huab cua yog txhua yam. Ib qho dej me me qhia cov pa tuaj yeem oxidize koj cov hlau tsis muaj steel, ua rau nws cov corrosion kuj. Rau reactive alloys zoo li titanium los yog ib co npib tsib xee-raws li superalloys, lub cub tawg cua yuav tsum tau pristine nqus tsev vacuum los yog heev tswj argon.
Cov khoom zaum ntawm ceramic setters, uas yuav tsum tau zoo kawg nkaus tiaj tus thiab chemically tshaj. Kuv nco qab txog ib pawg ntawm alumina setters uas muaj qhov sib kis me ntsis. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, lawv tau hnov mob nrog Inconel qhov chaw, welding lawv mus rau lub setter. Tag nrho poob. Lub qhov cub profile-ramp tus nqi, lub sij hawm ntub dej-yuav tsum tau tsim rau txhua qhov geometry thiab alloy. Ib ntu tuab thiab nyias nyias ntawm tib seem yuav sinter ntawm tus nqi sib txawv, ua rau muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua. Koj tawm tsam qhov no nrog kev txhim kho ntse qee zaum, lossis los ntawm kev tsim ib feem kom muaj cov phab ntsa tuab, uas tsis yog ib txwm ua tau.
Qhov no yog theem uas QSY's 30 xyoo nyob rau hauv casting them nyiaj faib. Lawv nkag siab txog kev hloov pauv ntawm metallurgical, kev loj hlob ntawm cov nplej, thiab yuav ua li cas tswj cov cua sov kom txo qis qhov kev ntxhov siab. Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus yog hloov ntawm peev casting thiab MIM sintering. Lawv paub dab tsi tshwm sim rau cobalt-chrome ntawm 1300 ° C. Qhov kev paub ntawm lub koom haum tiv thaiv ntau qhov kev sim-thiab-kev ua yuam kev hluav taws.
Kev Tshawb Xyuas Kev Muaj Peev Xwm: Tom qab ua tiav thiab Net-Shape Myth
Nov yog qhov qias neeg ntawm MIM: Net-zoo li lub sijhawm ua lag luam. Rau ntau qhov chaw ua haujlwm, nws yog ze-net-puab. Tom qab sintering, koj yuav luag ib txwm xav tau qee qhov kev ua tiav tom qab. Muaj feem ntau lub teeb nyem kom poob tawm. Dimensional tolerances yuav yog +/- 0.3% ntawm sintered dimension, tab sis rau ib tug bore uas yuav tsum tau H7 haum? Tej zaum koj yuav tau tshuab nws. EDM tej zaum yuav xav tau rau me me, meej nta uas distorted.
Qhov saum npoo tiav ncaj tawm ntawm lub qhov cub yog matte, grainy kev ntxhib los mos. Rau ntau daim ntawv thov, qhov zoo. Rau cov dej tuav cov khoom uas xav tau txoj hauv kev zoo, koj yuav tsum tau txhuam los yog electropolish. Qhov no ntxiv cov nqi thiab sijhawm. Thaum ntsuas MIM, koj yuav tsum tau peev nyiaj rau qhov haujlwm thib ob. Nws tsis yog qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov txheej txheem; nws yog qhov tseeb ntawm engineering. Lub hom phiaj yog kom txo qis, kom tau 95% ntawm cov geometry txoj cai los ntawm cov pwm, yog li koj CNC machining lub sij hawm (thiab tus nqi) ntawm qhov kim sintered yog tsawg.
Qhov no yog kev sib koom ua ke QSY leverages. Ib feem los ntawm qhov cub sintering. Lawv QC kuaj nws. Yog hais tias ob peb yam tseem ceeb datum nta xav tau nruj, nws mus ncaj nraim rau lawv lub tuam tsev CNC. Tsis muaj kev xa khoom qeeb, tsis muaj kev yuav khoom tshiab, tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib txuas lus yuam kev. Lawv kho qhov chaw sintered raws li daim ntawv ua ntej, thiab lawv cov kws tshaj lij machining los ntawm lwm cov haujlwm ncaj qha siv. Nws hloov lub net-puab tswvyim hais ua dabneeg mus rau hauv ib tug tswj, npaum ob-kauj ruam tsim lub tswv yim.
Thaum MIM Ua Siab Ntsig (Thiab Thaum Nws Tsis Yog)
Yog li, tom qab tag nrho cov no, MIM ci qhov twg? Nws tsis yog rau txhua yam. Nws yog qhov ci ntsa iab rau cov ntim siab, ua haujlwm, me me-rau-nruab nrab qhov loj me ntawm cov hlau. Xav txog cov khoom siv phom, cov cuab yeej phais lub puab tsaig, drone gearboxes, intricate fasteners. Qhov chaw uas yuav yog npau suav phem rau tshuab los ntawm cov khoom, los yog qhov chaw peev casting tsis tuaj yeem tuav cov ntsiab lus zoo lossis cov phab ntsa nyias. Kev lag luam ua haujlwm thaum koj ua ntau txhiab, tsis yog ntau pua, vim yog cov cuab yeej ua ntej thiab cov txheej txheem tsim nqi.
Nws tawm tsam nrog qhov loj heev (qhov cub loj txwv), cov duab yooj yim heev (tsuas yog tshuab lawv), lossis nrog qee cov alloys uas nyuaj heev rau sinter kom siab ceev. Nws kuj yuav tsis yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog tias koj cov khoom siv yog cov qauv qis-carbon steel thiab koj tsuas yog xav tau 500 daim; laser txiav thiab vuam tej zaum yuav pheej yig dua.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog kom koom nrog thaum ntxov. Tsis txhob cia li xa ib qhov tiav machined ib daim duab kos thiab nug rau ib MIM nqe lus. Cov qauv tsim yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo rau cov txheej txheem - cov phab ntsa zoo ib yam, dav dav radii, nco ntsoov ntawm lub rooj vag thiab ejector tus pin qhov chaw. Ib tus khub zoo yuav ua qhov Kev Tsim Kho rau MIM (DFM) tshuaj xyuas. Los ntawm qhov kuv tau pom ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo li QSY, qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no tau ceeb toom los ntawm lawv lub peev xwm ua haujlwm tag nrho ntawm cov hlau. Lawv tuaj yeem hais qhia txog txoj hauv kev hybrid: MIM lub incredibly complex core ntawm ib feem, ces tshuab ib mating interface los ntawm ib tug wrought bar thiab braze los yog weld rau. Qhov ntawd yog qhov ua tau, muaj kev xav.
MIM tsis yog lub kiv puag ncig hloov txhua yam. Nws yog lwm lub cuab yeej muaj zog hauv cov cuab yeej tsim khoom. Nws tus nqi yog xauv tsis yog los ntawm kev pom nws ua ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb, tab sis los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke rau hauv kev nkag siab dav dav ntawm cov hlau, lawv coj li cas, thiab yuav ua li cas rau lawv. Cov khw uas tau txais nws txoj cai yog cov, xws li QSY, uas hwm tag nrho cov kev taug kev los ntawm cov hmoov mus rau cov khoom tiav, thiab leej twg muaj qhov caws pliav - thiab qhov ua tiav - los ntawm kev taug txoj kev ntawd tiag.
