Thaum koj hnov 'nickel raws li alloy qhov chaw', cov duab tam sim no feem ntau yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tsis zoo, cov khoom siv high-tech destined rau lub dav hlau xyaw lossis dej hiav txwv rigs. Qhov ntawd tsis yog qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm, tab sis nws yog qhov pom ntawm theem uas glosses dhau qhov kev muaj tiag ntawm kev ua rau lawv. Zaj dab neeg tiag tiag tsis yog hais txog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb - qhov kub thiab txias, kev tiv thaiv corrosion - nws yog hais txog qhov sib txawv loj ntawm kev muaj CAD qauv thiab tuav qhov ua tiav, ua haujlwm zoo uas tsis poob hauv kev ntxhov siab. Muaj ntau pawg neeg yuav khoom pom cov qib alloy, xws li Inconel 718 lossis Hastelloy C-276, thiab xav tias txoj haujlwm feem ntau ua tiav. Qhov tseeb yog, qhov ntawd yog qhov chaw ua haujlwm tiag tiag, thiab kev mob taub hau tiag tiag, pib.
Cov Lus Qhia Casting: Nws yog txhua yam hauv kev pub
Cia peb tham txog kev nqis peev casting, ib txoj hauv kev rau txoj kev geometries. Nrog npib tsib xee alloys, nws yeej tsis yog hais txog nchuav hlau molten rau hauv lub plhaub ceramic. Tus cwj pwm solidification yog npau suav phem yog tias koj tsis tswj nws meticulously. Shrinkage yog tus yeeb ncuab. Koj tsis tuaj yeem tsuas yog ntxiv cov feeders loj txhua qhov chaw; koj tab tom cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom kim, thiab qhov hnyav tshaj yog feem ntau yog ib qho kev txwv tsim nyog. Kuv tau pom qhov chaw nyob qhov twg qhov pib qhov rooj kaw lus tsim, uas ua haujlwm zoo rau cov hlau tsis muaj steel, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw tuab ntawm ib qho. Nickel raws li alloy cev valve. Qhov seem ntsia zoo meej rau sab nraud, tab sis kev kuaj ultrasonic tau qhia txog lub ntsiab lus ntxeem tau uas yuav tau tawg nyob rau hauv siab. Qhov kho tsis yog ib qho yooj yim tweak; Nws koom nrog kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm kev noj zaub mov, siv cov software simulation los ua qauv rau cov thermal gradients, thiab tom qab ntawd validating nws nrog ib tug series ntawm costly sim pours.
Qhov no yog qhov uas kev paub los ntawm ib tug foundry uas nyob ib ncig ntawm lub block them tawm. Ib lub tuam txhab zoo li Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), nrog lawv peb lub xyoo caum hauv casting, yuav muaj kev cai sab hauv rau qhov no. Lawv yuav tsis cia siab rau qhov simulation; lawv yuav muaj lub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm los ntawm cov geometries zoo sib xws, paub tias rau ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm phab ntsa tuab hauv ib qho npib tsib xee raws alloy qhov, koj xav tau ib tug feeder ntawm ib txoj kab uas hla-rau-qhov siab, muab tso rau ntawm lub kaum ntse ntse. Cov kev paub tacit zoo li ntawd tsis nyob hauv ib phau ntawv; nws tau tsim los ntawm kev ua tsis tau zoo thiab cov neeg ua tiav ntau xyoo.
Lub plhaub pwm txheej txheem nws tus kheej yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov khoom siv ceramic lub thermal expansion yuav tsum sib haum nrog cov hlau kom tsis txhob kub tearing lossis defects. Rau high-gamma-prime alloys zoo li IN-738, siv nyob rau hauv turbine hniav, pwm preheat kub thiab lub ncuav kub muaj ib lub qhov rais ntawm tej zaum 30 degrees Celsius. Nco nws, thiab koj tau txais misruns lossis kev loj hlob ntau dhau. Nws yog ib lub ballet ntawm huab cua kub thiab lub sij hawm meej.
Machining: Qhov twg Tooling mus tuag
Yog tias casting yog kev tswj xyuas kub, machining nickel alloys yog kev ua tsov ua rog ntawm attrition. Qhov kev ua haujlwm-hardening tus nqi yog ferrocious. Koj muab txiav, thiab cov khoom hauv qab lub cuab yeej hardens tam sim ntawd. Nkag mus rau qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm, thiab koj tsis txiav - koj tsuas yog rub tawm thiab tsim kom muaj cua sov txaus los txuas lub workpiece rau lub cuab yeej. Kuv kawm qhov no nyuaj heev rau thaum ntxov, sim tig ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm Inconel 625 ncej. Siv cov cuab yeej zoo-rake, tus qauv nrawm thiab pub rau cov hlau tawv. Tsis pub dhau ob peb feeb, qhov ntxig tau ploj mus, thiab qhov chaw saum npoo yog ib qho nyuaj, glazed mess uas yuav tsum tau sij hawm sib tsoo kom khaws cia.
Lub tswv yim yog counter-intuitive. Koj xav tau cov cuab yeej ntse, qhov tsis zoo, feem ntau carbide lossis ceramic, nrog rau kev teeb tsa nruj heev. Tsawg nto speeds, siab pub tus nqi, thiab ib tug tas li, aggressive qhov tob ntawm txiav. Lub hom phiaj yog kom tau nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ua hauj lwm-hardened los ntawm yav dhau los pass thiab shear cov khoom ua ntej nws yuav harden tiv thaiv lub cuab tam. Coolant tsis yog ua kom txias xwb; nws yog cov roj nplua nyeem los tiv thaiv cov ntug tsim thiab yuav tsum tau xa tawm ntawm kev kub siab txoj cai ntawm qhov kev sib tshuam. Txawm li ntawd los, cov cuab yeej lub neej yog ntsuas hauv feeb, tsis yog teev. Rau ib tug complex Nickel raws li alloy impeller raug machined ntawm 5-axis CNC, tus nqi cuab yeej tuaj yeem yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm tag nrho txoj haujlwm.
Qhov no yog vim li cas lub peev xwm machining tau teev nyob rau hauv lub vev xaib zoo li QSY's tsis yog lub checkbox xwb. Hais tias lawv ua CNC machining rau cov alloys tshwj xeeb txhais tau hais tias lawv tau nqis peev rau hauv cov cuab yeej siv tshuab (high-torque, high-rigidity spindles), tau nkag mus rau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, thiab, qhov tseem ceeb, muaj cov programmers thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm uas nkag siab txog cov kev tsis zoo no. Nws yog qhov sib txawv ntawm lub khw uas tuaj yeem khiav ntawm ib feem thiab ib qho uas tuaj yeem tsim qhov tseeb qhov tseeb nrog rau qhov chaw ncaj ncees uas yuav tsis pib tawg hauv kev pabcuam.
Lub Dimensional Stability Dab
Lwm cov cuab yeej hloov maj mam yog residual stress. Cov khoom no feem ntau tuaj tawm ntawm casting los yog forging nrog kev ntxhov siab tseem ceeb. Koj tshuab lawv mus rau ib tug zoo meej kam rau ntawm chav tsev kub. Tom qab ntawd, koj siv cov kev kho cua sov tom qab-hais tias, kev kho kev daws teeb meem thiab kev laus rau nag lossis daus-hardening alloys-kom ua tiav cov khoom siv tshuab kawg. Lub voj voog cua sov ntawd tuaj yeem txo qhov kev ntxhov siab, thiab qhov sib txawv. Qee lub sij hawm tsuas yog ob peb tus koj xwb, tab sis txaus los khawb nws yog tias yuav tsum muaj kev zam nruj rau ntawm cov ntu nyias.
Lub workaround yog ib ntu ntawm cov machining ntxhib, txo kev ntxhov siab, tom qab ua tiav machining. Qee lub sij hawm koj txawm yuav tau ua ib qho kev kho kev laus nruab nrab. Nws ntxiv cov kauj ruam, nqi, thiab sijhawm. Kuv nco qab txog qhov project rau ib qho manifold uas peb nco qhov no. Ua tiav machined ib feem los ntawm ib tug cam khwb cia dawb paug, ces xa nws tawm rau tshav kub kho. Nws rov los nyo hau zoo li txiv tsawb. Peb yuav tsum tau sim ua kom ncaj nws, uas yog qhov txaus ntshai, thiab thaum kawg yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg. Zaj lus qhia yog ib txwm sib tham txog tag nrho cov kev tsim ua ntu zus-los ntawm qhov khoob mus rau qhov kawg kev kho mob-nrog tus neeg muag khoom ua ntej. Ib tug khub uas muaj caij nyoog yuav tau chij qhov kev pheej hmoo tam sim ntawd.
Vuam thiab Kho: Ua raws li kev ceev faj heev
Qee zaum, pom muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, lossis ib feem yuav tsum tau tsim los yog koom nrog. Vuam nickel alloys yog ib qho tshwj xeeb rau nws tus kheej. Lawv yooj yim rau kub tawg, porosity, thiab cais ntawm alloying ntsiab. Cov hlau muab tub lim yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo sib xws, feem ntau muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis los tswj kev tawg. Lub cheeb tsam yuav tsum huv si impeccably - tsis muaj sulfur, tsis muaj hlau lead, tsis muaj roj. Txawm tias cov kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau embrittlement.
Pre-heat thiab interpass kub tswj yog tsis-negotiable, raws li yog ib tug tshwj xeeb tom qab-weld kho cua sov rau ntau qib los kho corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub-tshem tawm tsam. Kuv tau pom kev sim patch weld me me defect ntawm lub twj tso kua mis siv tus qauv stainless muab tub lim. Nws zoo nkaus li zoo thaum pib, tab sis hauv kev pabcuam, thaj chaw weld tau los ua qhov pib taw qhia rau kev ntxhov siab corrosion tawg. Tus nqi kho qhov deb tshaj tus nqi ntawm ib feem. Rau cov khoom tseem ceeb, cov txheej txheem vuam yuav tsum tsim nyog, thiab cov welders lawv tus kheej xav tau kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov ntaub ntawv no.
Kev sib npaug ntawm tus neeg muab khoom: Ntau tshaj li cov npe khoom
Qhov no coj kuv mus rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev xa khoom npib tsib xee raws alloy qhov chaw. Koj tsis yog yuav khoom xwb; koj tab tom yuav ib tus neeg muag khoom cov txheej txheem kev paub thiab lawv cov teeb meem daws teeb meem. Thaum ntsuam xyuas ib lub tuam txhab, lawv lub xyoo hauv kev lag luam, zoo li QSY's 30 xyoo, qhia tias lawv tau taug qab cov teeb meem no. Tab sis koj yuav tsum khawb tob. Lawv puas muaj metallurgists ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm lossis hu xovtooj? Lawv puas tuaj yeem qhia koj cov piv txwv ntawm yuav ua li cas lawv tau daws cov teeb meem zoo sib xws-xws li kev tswj cov qauv hauv cov txheej txheem nyias nyias los yog tswj cov cuab yeej hnav hauv cov hnab tshos sib sib zog nqus? Lawv puas tuaj yeem hais qhia lawv txoj hauv kev rau kev lees paub thawj kab lus, dhau ntawm kev kuaj xyuas qhov ntev?
Lub vev xaib intro hais txog lawv ua haujlwm nrog tshwj xeeb alloys (cobalt-based alloys, nickel-based alloys, thiab lwm yam). Qhov ntawd yog qhov tseem ceeb. Nws qhia txog lub peev xwm uas txuas ntxiv dhau ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov. Cov neeg muab khoom zoo tshaj plaws yog cov uas koom nrog kev sib tw. Lawv yuav nug txog daim ntawv thov ib puag ncig, lub voj voog thauj khoom, hom tsis ua haujlwm uas koj tab tom sim zam. Lawv yuav nug koj tus qauv tsim rau kev tsim khoom, tawm tswv yim hloov maj mam cov kaum sab xis lossis lub vojvoog hloov pauv uas ua rau feem ntau castable lossis machinable yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Qhov kev sib tham ntawd muaj nqis tshaj tus nqi qis ib kilogram.
Thaum kawg, cov khoom siv nickel alloy muaj kev vam meej yog yug los ntawm kev sib koom tes ntawm tus kws tsim qauv tsim thiab muaj peev xwm, kev sib txuas lus cov chaw tsim khoom. Cov khoom siv yog cov lus cog tseg ntawm kev ua tau zoo, tab sis cov lus cog tseg tsuas yog ua tiav los ntawm kev nkag siab tob ntawm tag nrho cov lus los ntawm ingot mus rau ib feem. Nws yog nkig, kim, thiab fraught nrog cov ntsiab lus tsis ua haujlwm. Tab sis thaum nws ua tiav lawm, tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv uas tuaj yeem ua txoj haujlwm.
