Thaum cov neeg feem coob hnov 'hmoov hlau metallurgy thev naus laus zis', lawv tam sim ntawd duab yooj yim nias-thiab-sintered zog lossis bushings. Qhov ntawd yog cov khoom nkag-theem, cov khoom kawg. Qhov tob tiag tiag, thiab qhov twg qhov kev ntxhov siab thiab kev txaus siab pib, yog nyob rau hauv cov qauv tsim, kev ua haujlwm tom qab, thiab tswj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv kuaj zoo meej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kaum txhiab qhov chaw uas txhua tus yuav tsum tau ntaus ib qho kev ceev thiab tensile lub zog. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog ua kom zoo nkauj xwb; nws yog engineering ib microstructure los ntawm hauv av mus.
Alloy tsis yog Formula xwb
Koj tuaj yeem yuav cov qauv hlau-tooj liab-carbon sib tov tawm ntawm lub txee, thiab lawv yuav ua haujlwm rau 80% ntawm cov ntawv thov. Tab sis thaum tus neeg siv khoom nyiam Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) los nrog kev thov rau ib qho kev tivthaiv uas yuav tsum tau tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias corrosion hauv lub twj tso kua mis tshuaj, qhov kev ua si hloov. Lawv keeb kwm yav dhau los tshwj xeeb alloy peev casting txhais tau hais tias lawv nkag siab txog cov khoom ntawm cov khoom sib sib zog nqus. Kev sib tham hloov pauv ntawm cov hmoov uas pheej yig tshaj li cas rau peb yuav ua li cas rov ua qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm wrought npib tsib xee-raws li alloy, tab sis nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm PM?
Qhov no yog qhov uas ua ntej-alloyed hmoov piv rau cov ntsiab lus sib xyaw ua ib qho kev xaiv tseem ceeb. Nrog nickel-raws li tshuab, mus rau txoj kev ua ntej-alloyed muab koj homogeneity, tab sis cov hmoov yog ib qho nyuaj, tsawg compressible. Koj ua lag luam yooj yim nias rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws sintering. Peb tau siv lub lis piam tweening cov feem pua ntawm cov roj nplua nyeem thiab kev sib zog ua kom nce ntxiv 0.1 g / cm3 hauv ntsuab ntom ntawm qhov nyuaj ua ntej-alloyed Inconel analogue. Qee zaum, qhov kev daws teeb meem tsis yog nyob rau hauv xovxwm, tab sis nyob rau hauv kev xaiv rau ib tug hybrid mus kom ze - ib tug tseem ceeb ntawm pre-alloyed hmoov nrog ib tug customized binder system, uas qhia txog nws tus kheej cov teeb meem thaum lub sij hawm debinding.
Qhov chaw sintering ua qhov tseem ceeb. Ib qho yooj yim endothermic gas yuav tsis txiav nws rau cov alloys. Peb tab tom tham txog high-vacuum los yog ultra-high-purity hydrogen furnaces, nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias ramps los tswj carbide nag lossis daus. Tau txais qhov txias txias tsis ncaj ncees lawm, thiab koj xaus nrog ib feem uas cov cav tov xws li iav-nkig, rhuav tshem cov khoom, ua rau cov cuab yeej kim CNC nyob rau tom qab-sinter machining theem uas cov tuam txhab xws li QSY feem ntau yuav lis. Nws yog ib qho kev taw qhia uas PM cov txheej txheem tsis zoo ua rau lwm tus neeg lub taub hau machining.
Ceev: Txoj Kev Nyob Mus Ib Txhis
Lub grail dawb huv yog qhov ntom ntom, lossis ze li koj tuaj yeem ua lag luam tau. Rau cov txheej txheem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hloov forgings, porosity yog yeeb ncuab ntawm dynamic qaug zog. Muab ob npaug rau nias thiab muab ob npaug rau sintering (DPDS) yog cov lus teb hauv phau ntawv nyeem, tab sis nws ntxiv cov nqi thiab lub sijhawm voj voog. Peb tau muaj kev vam meej ntau dua, qee zaum, nrog kev sib cog lus sov so siv cov hmoov polymer-coated. Cov hmoov ntws zoo dua, ntim ntau yam sib xws hauv txoj kev tuag-xav txog cov duab zoo sib xws hauv kev peev casting uas QSY ua, tab sis nrog cov hmoov hlau. Qhov ceev dhia ntawm chav tsev kub mus rau 130 ° C compaction tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb, qee zaum 0.2-0.3 g / cm3, uas ncaj qha txhais rau cov khoom zoo dua.
Tom qab ntawd muaj hlau txhaj tshuaj molding (MIM), uas yog tiag tiag ib ceg ntawm hmoov metallurgy technology. Nws ua rau koj nyob ze-tag nrho ntom thiab zoo kawg cov duab complexity, rivaling peev casting. Tab sis lub voj voog debinding yog npau suav phem yog tias tsis tswj tau zoo. Kuv tau pom tag nrho cov khoom ntawm stainless hlau MIM qhov chaw hlwv vim tias cov kuab tshuaj debind yog nruj heev, ntxiab roj uas nthuav dav thaum sintering. Tus nqi ntawm qhov ua tsis tiav tsis yog cov hmoov xwb; nws yog lub sij hawm poob nyob rau hauv lub cub tawg lub voj voog uas khiav rau 20+ teev.
Kev ua haujlwm tom qab sintering zoo li kub isostatic nias (HIP) tuaj yeem kho cov porosity sab hauv, tab sis nws yog txheej txheem hwm. Koj tsis HIP ib feem $2. Nws yog tshwj tseg rau aerospace lossis kho mob cog. Cov ntoo txiav txim siab ib txwm nqes mus rau qhov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm piv rau tus nqi qab nthab. Kuv txoj hauj lwm ntau yog navigating tsob ntoo ntawd nrog tus neeg siv khoom.
Thaum PM ntsib Machining: Lub Interface
Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb, feem ntau overlooked, kev sib tshuam. Tsawg tsawg PM qhov yog tiag tiag net-zoo li. Koj yuav luag ib txwm xav tau kev ua haujlwm thib ob: qhov loj me, npib, lossis machining. Lub porosity hloov li cas cov khoom txiav. Nws yog abrasive. Nws tsis ua cua sov kom deb ntawm qhov txiav zoo li cov hlau. Peb ua haujlwm zoo nrog cov neeg koom tes ua haujlwm-thiab ib lub tuam txhab nrog QSY peb lub xyoo caum ntawm CNC machining kev txawj ntse yog ib qho tseem ceeb sounding board-los tsim tsis.
Piv txwv li, machining ib sintered steel flange. If the density is uneven, the tool encounters varying resistance, causing chatter and poor surface finish. Peb muaj ib rooj plaub uas CNC machinists tau yws txog cov cuab yeej ceev ceev. Qhov teeb meem tsis yog cov cuab yeej qib; nws yog me ntsis ntom ntom gradient los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab ntawm qhov nias, tshwm sim los ntawm cov hmoov tsis sib xws nyob rau hauv qhov tuag. Qhov kev txhim kho tau rov tsim kho cov khau khau thiab tej zaum yuav ntxiv cov kauj ruam ua ntej sib xyaw kom tawg cov hmoov agglomerates. Nws yog cov txheej txheem me me uas cais ib feem siv tau los ntawm ib qho kev ntseeg siab.
Qee zaum, qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws yog tsim cov khoom kom txo qis machining. Tawm ntawm qhov chaw sintered qhov twg koj tuaj yeem ua tau, qhia cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm uas suav rau sintering shrinkage variability. Nws yog kev sib koom tes tsim los ntawm PM engineer thiab machinist, tsis yog kev sib tw ua ke.
Qhov Tshwj Xeeb Alloys Niche thiab Real-World Compromises
QSY txoj haujlwm nrog cobalt thiab npib tsib xee-raws li alloys hauv casting yog ncaj qha cuam tshuam. Cov ntaub ntawv no feem ntau nrhiav PM rau kev hnav thiab kev siv kub. Tab sis hmoov rau cov no yog kim, thiab lub qhov rais sintering yog nqaim. Kub dhau heev lawm, koj tau txais cov qoob loo ntau dhau thiab cov theem eutectic uas ua rau qhov tsis muaj zog; txias heev, thiab nws tsis yog tag nrho sintered.
Peb tau sim cobalt-chromium alloy rau lub rooj zaum valve. Cov kev sim kuaj sim tau cog lus tseg. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ntau lawm, tswj kom muaj pes tsawg carbon peev xwm nyob rau hauv lub sintering cua thoob plaws lub cub tawg loj load yog tsis yooj yim sua. Qhov chaw ntawm cov npoo ntawm lub nkoj sintered txawv ntawm cov nyob hauv nruab nrab. Qhov tshwm sim? Hardness tsis sib xws. Qee lub rooj zaum yuav hnav tawm hauv lub hlis, lwm tus kav ntau xyoo. Tus neeg siv khoom, nkag siab, tau rov qab mus rau qhov kev daws teeb meem wrought thiab machined. Qhov kev ua tsis tiav ntawd tau qhia kuv tias rau qee qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov alloys, PM cov txheej txheem rhiab heev tuaj yeem ua rau nws qhov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam tshwj tsis yog tias koj muaj kev tswj hwm qib ntawm lub Hoobkas hauv pem teb, uas tsis tshua muaj kev lag luam.
Cov dab neeg muaj kev vam meej muaj, tau kawg. Cov cuab yeej hlau ua los ntawm PM, zoo li cov qib CPM, yog qhov zoo tshaj rau lawv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke vim qhov zoo, tsis sib xws carbide faib. Qhov ntawd yog qhov yeej rau thev naus laus zis. Tab sis nws yog qhov yeej tsim los ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab kev paub, tsis yog cov xovxwm dav dav.
Saib tom ntej: Nws yog hais txog kev sib koom ua ke, tsis yog kev tsim kho xwb
Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm hmoov metallurgy technology, hauv kuv qhov kev xav, yog tsawg dua ntawm kev ua cov iav thiab ntau ntxiv txog kev tsim cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Xav txog kev tsim khoom ntxiv - nws yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txheej txheej PM. Los yog kev sib sau ua ke ntawm amorphous hlau hmoov rau hauv cov khoom loj. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog tib yam: muab cov khoom sib cais thiab sib xyaw rau hauv cov khoom sib txuas.
Cov lus qhia los ntawm ib txwm PM-kev tuav cov hmoov, kev tswj huab cua, kev tswj xyuas lub ntsws-yog txhua yam siv ncaj qha rau cov chaw tshiab no. Cov tuam txhab uas yuav vam meej yog cov uas nkag siab txog cov khoom siv science, tsis yog cov tshuab nias. Cov tuam txhab uas muaj cov cuab yeej cuab tam thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam, xws li QSY, muaj ib ceg vim lawv pom tag nrho lub neej voj voog: los ntawm cov khoom siv raw kom tiav, cov khoom siv ua haujlwm. Lawv nkag siab tias qhov nkhaus sintering yog qhov tseem ceeb raws li tus nqi noj khoom noj.
Rau leej twg nkag mus rau hauv qhov no, kuv cov lus qhia yog kom tau txais tes nrog cov hmoov. Xav tias nws ntws. Saib ntawm sintered microstructure nyob rau hauv ib lub tshuab kuaj kab mob nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv ntsuam xyuas txhua yam. Muab cov pores me me uas koj pom nrog rau qhov qaug zog tawg. Nws yog kev siv thev naus laus zis ntawm cov ntsiab lus, qhov twg 1% kev hloov pauv hauv cov txheej txheem tsis tuaj yeem ua rau 10% kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm. Qhov ntawd yog qhov kev sib tw tas li, thiab qhov kev txaus siab tiag tiag ntawm nws.
