Koj pom QT400-18 ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb, thiab thawj qhov uas los rau hauv siab yog feem ntau tsuas yog cov hlau nplaum. Tab sis qhov ntawd yog qhov uas lub oversimplification pib. Lub 400 MPa tensile thiab 18% elongation yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus, ib txoj kab pib, tsis yog qhov ua tiav. Hauv kev muaj tiag, koj mus txog li cas - kev xyaum ua kom yaj, kev ua kom sov, qhov cua txias hauv pwm - txiav txim siab seb koj puas muaj cov khoom siv tiag tiag lossis tsuas yog qee yam uas nyuam qhuav zuam cov thawv rau ntawm daim ntawv. Kuv tau pom ntau qhov haujlwm uas qhov kev tsom xam tsuas yog los ntawm kev ntaus 18% elongation hauv daim ntawv pov thawj kev xeem, thaum qhov tseeb casting, nrog nws qhov sib txawv seem thicknesses, xaus nrog cov khoom tsis sib xws. Qhov ntawd yog qhov kev sib tham tiag tiag txog QT400-18.
Lub tswv yim muaj tiag ntawm kev qhia QT400-18
Thaum tus kws tsim qauv tsim QT400-18, feem ntau lawv tab tom nrhiav rau qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub zog tsim nyog thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo, feem ntau rau vaj tse, brackets, lossis lub cev valve. Qhov kev xav yog nws yog ib yam khoom zam txim. Thiab nws tuaj yeem ua tau. Tab sis qhov kev zam txim yog los ntawm lub foundry tus txheej txheem tswj, tsis yog los ntawm qib npe nws tus kheej. Kuv nco qab ib pawg ntawm cov twj tso kua mis lub cev peb tau txais ob peb xyoos dhau los. Cov ntawv pov thawj tau zoo meej: 420 MPa, 19% elongation. Tab sis thaum lub sij hawm machining ntawm peb lub khw muag khoom, lub cuab yeej lub neej yog erratic. Qee qhov txiav kom zoo nkauj, lwm qhov ua rau cov cuab yeej siv ntau dhau. Qhov teeb meem tsis yog cov khoom nruab nrab; nws yog qhov microstructural inconsistency-variations nyob rau hauv nodule suav thiab pearlite cov ntsiab lus uas tus qauv ntsuas bar tsis ntes.
Qhov no yog vim li cas kev sib raug zoo mus sij hawm ntev nrog ib lub chaw tsim khoom muaj peev xwm tsis tuaj yeem sib tham. Koj xav tau ib tus neeg muag khoom uas nkag siab tias lub qhov rais chemistry kom zoo ib yam QT400-18 yog nruj dua li ntau xav. Piv txwv li, cov ntsiab lus ntawm silicon yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ferritizing tab sis siab hnyav hnyav heev. Magnesium kev kho mob yuav tsum tau pom. Nws yog ib qho kev sib npaug. Ib lub tuam txhab zoo li Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), nrog lawv peb lub xyoo caum hauv casting, feem ntau muaj cov kev txwv no hu ua los ntawm kev paub. Lawv tau pom tias qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv li cas los yog qhov kub thiab txias cuam tshuam rau cov qauv kawg hauv cov plhaub nyuaj lossis cov pwm peev.
Qhov 18% elongation yog ib qho piv txwv classic ntawm ib qho spec uas tuaj yeem ua yuam kev. Koj tuaj yeem ua tiav nws nrog tag nrho ferritic matrix, uas yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Tab sis koj tseem tuaj yeem nkag mus rau nws nrog cov qauv sib xyaw yog tias cov ferrite yog mos txaus. Qhov kawg yuav dhau qhov kev sim tensile tab sis ua tsis tiav hauv daim ntawv thov kev poob siab tiag tiag. Qhov tseem ceeb yog qhia tsis tau tsuas yog qib, tab sis feem ntau yuav tsum tau complementary zoo li lub siab tshaj plaws hardness (HBW 170 los yog qis dua yog lub hom phiaj zoo rau machinability) los yog txawm ib tug Charpy cuam tshuam tus nqi yog hais tias ib feem pom dynamic loads. Qhov no thawb lub foundry mus rau lub hom phiaj tiag tiag ferritic qauv.
Machining QT400-18: Qhov Kev Xav Tau Raws Li Chip
Ntawm daim ntawv, QT400-18 yuav tsum yog ib qho yooj yim cam khwb cia hlau rau tshuab. Nws cov qauv ferritic yog qhov muag muag. Tab sis kuj yog lo lus operative. Yog tias lub microstructure tsis zoo li qub, koj tau txais cov pob tawv tawv - me me ntawm pearlite lossis carbides - uas ua zoo li cov ntawv xuab zeb ntawm koj cov cuab yeej txiav. Qhov sib txawv ntawm ib pawg sib xws thiab qhov sib txawv tuaj yeem ua ob npaug rau koj cov nqi siv ib feem. Nws tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim uas yuav tsum tau kho cov khoom noj thiab nrawm ib feem ntawm kev khiav, uas yog npau suav phem rau CNC programming thiab txheej txheem kev ruaj ntseg.
Nyob rau hauv peb tus kheej machining ua hauj lwm, thiab los ntawm qhov kuv tau pom nyob rau hauv cov kev coj ntawm kev koom ua ke lwm tus neeg xws li QSY uas lis ob leeg casting thiab CNC machining, txoj kev mus kom ze yog pre-emptive. Lawv feem ntau yuav khiav ib qho kev nyuaj siab ntawm cov qauv casting los ntawm tus qauv tshiab lossis tom qab kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb. Nws yog ib qho kev kuaj xyuas yooj yim, tab sis nws qhia koj ntau ntxiv txog machinability dua li daim ntawv qhia tensile qee zaum. Lub hom phiaj yog kom tsis txhob muaj kev xav tsis thoob ntawm lub chaw machining. Ib qho zoo kawg nkaus casting tuaj yeem raug puas tsuaj los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, ua rau cov khoom seem thiab cov pob nyiaj tawg.
Kev xaiv Coolant thiab daim ntawv thov ua qhov tseem ceeb, ib yam nkaus. Txawm hais tias muaj cov hlau zoo, cov graphite ua raws li cov chip-breaker tab sis kuj tuaj yeem ua rau hnav tsis zoo. Lub tshuab cua txias siab uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nkag mus rau qhov txiav thiab tshem tawm cov nplua, stringy chips (yog, txawm tias ferritic hlau tuaj yeem tsim cov stringy chips) yog qhov tsim nyog peev. Nws yog cov tswv yim, cov ntsiab lus hauv khw hauv pem teb uas cais cov khoom siv theoretical spec los ntawm cov khoom tsim tau.
Lub Plhaub Pwm thiab Peev Casting Advantage
Qhov no yog qhov uas cov txheej txheem yeej cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv. Thaum koj ua haujlwm nrog QT400-18 nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem xws li plhaub pwm casting lossis peev casting, uas QSY tshwj xeeb hauv, koj tau txais cov txheej txheem sib txawv thiab cov txiaj ntsig piv rau ntsuab xuab zeb casting. Qhov saum npoo zoo tshaj plaws thiab qhov tseeb qhov tseeb ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog cov pluses loj, feem ntau txo cov khoom siv nyiaj txiag. Tab sis cov cua txias sai dua nyob rau hauv lub plhaub pwm, piv txwv li, tuaj yeem txhawb kev tsim cov carbide lossis cov pearlite zoo dua, uas tuaj yeem thawb lub hardness thiab elongation.
Lub foundry yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau qhov no. Nws feem ntau txhais tau hais tias kho cov tswv yim inoculation-tej zaum siv cov kwj dej inoculant uas muaj zog ferrite-txhawb cov ntsiab lus. Kuv tau koom nrog hauv cov haujlwm uas peb tau hloov ib feem los ntawm cov xuab zeb ntsuab mus rau lub plhaub pwm kom ua tau zoo dua, thiab thawj ob peb lub ncuav tawm nyuaj heev. Peb yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm rov qab nrog tus kws tshuaj metallurgist kom tweak lub silicon thiab inoculation kom rov qab mus rau qhov muag muag, ferritic. QT400-18 qauv txawm tias qhov ceev dua solidification. Nws yog cov txheej txheem classic-cov ntaub ntawv sib cuam tshuam.
Rau complex, nyias-walled Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv li qub los yog actuators, qhov kev tswj no yog txhua yam. Kev nqis peev casting, nrog nws lub plhaub ceramic, muaj ntau dua geometric kev ywj pheej tab sis nthuav tawm cov kev sib tw cua txias zoo sib xws. Ib tug foundry qhov kev paub hauv kev tswj hwm cov txiaj ntsig microstructural hla cov txheej txheem sib txawv yog qhov koj tau them nyiaj tiag tiag. Nws tsis yog hais txog kev ua kom zoo nkauj xwb; nws yog hais txog kev ua cov duab nrog qhov tseeb, txhim khu kev qha cov khoom siv thoob plaws.
Hom kev ua tsis tiav thiab qhov zoo txaus ntxiab
Ib qho ntawm cov lus qhia uas kim tshaj plaws yog xav tias QT400-18 yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo rau qhov tsis tseem ceeb. Kuv tau pom cov brackets thiab levers ua los ntawm nws tsis ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv qaug zog, tsis yog vim lub load yog siab dhau lawm, tab sis vim unnotched rhiab heev. Lub ferritic matrix muaj lub zog qaug zog qis dua piv rau nws lub zog tensile. Yog hais tias muaj ib tug ntse ces kaum los yog ib tug machining cim nyob rau hauv ib tug high-stress cheeb tsam, ib tug tawg yuav pib. Ib qib zoo li QT500-7, nrog nws cov qauv pearlitic, feem ntau muaj kev qaug zog zoo dua rau cov khoom siv dynamically loaded, txawm tias qis dua elongation.
Lwm qhov ntxiab yog qhov kub thiab txias embrittlement. Thaum ferritic ductile hlau muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias feem ntau, cov hlau tsis zoo nrog cov impurities ntau dhau los yog micro-shrinkage tuaj yeem ua nkig. Peb muaj ib rooj plaub nrog qee cov tshuab sab nraum zoov uas tawg hauv qhov txias snap. Cov khoom siv tau ntawv pov thawj raws li QT400-18, but failure analysis showed a high density of oxide inclusions acting as stress raisers. Lub tuam txhab tau siv ntau feem pua ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo npaj. Zaj lus qhia tau meej meej: tus qauv qib tsis yog tub ceev xwm yaj zoo. Koj xav tau ib tus neeg muag khoom nrog kev tswj xyuas nruj thiab kev ua kom huv huv.
Qhov no yog qhov uas tus neeg muag khoom qhov kev txawj ntse ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb. Ib lub tuam txhab uas tseem ua haujlwm nrog cov alloys tshwj xeeb, xws li cov nickel-based lossis cobalt-raws li alloys tau hais hauv QSY cov ntaub ntawv, yuav muaj kev qhuab qhia ntau dua rau kev tswj lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab kev tswj xyuas tshuaj lom neeg thoob plaws lub rooj tsavxwm. Qhov kev qhuab qhia ntawd lim mus rau lawv cov qib ntau dua li QT400-18, ua rau cov hlau huv dua, txhim khu kev qha ntau dua.
Xaus Kev Xav: Nws yog Kev Sib Tham, Tsis yog Monologue
Yog li, kev qhia QT400-18 yuav tsum tsis txhob yog ib kab nkag rau ntawm daim duab. Nws yuav tsum yog qhov pib ntawm kev sib tham nrog koj tus neeg muag khoom. Cov lus nug tseem ceeb: Koj lub hom phiaj microstructure yog dab tsi rau qib no? Koj tswj nws li cas rau kuv qhov geometry? Koj tus qauv hardness range yog dab tsi? Koj puas tuaj yeem muab cov lus pom zoo machining? Cov lus teb yuav qhia rau koj paub ntau ntxiv txog koj qhov kev ua tau zoo hauv ntiaj teb tshaj li cov ntaub ntawv puas tau.
Tus nqi ntawm tus neeg muab khoom sib xyaw ua ke - ib qho uas tuaj yeem ua raws li cov khoom siv los ntawm lub cub tawg mus txog rau qhov ua tiav machined - tsis tuaj yeem overstated. Lawv pom tag nrho cov laj thawj thiab cuam tshuam. Qhov teeb meem machining taug qab rov qab mus rau qhov teeb meem casting, uas taug qab rov qab mus rau qhov txheej txheem parameter. Qhov kev tawm tswv yim kaw kaw yog qhov koj ua tiav qhov sib xws. Rau cov khoom xws li QT400-18, qhov twg lub qhov rais vaj huam sib luag yog dav thiab dab ntxwg nyoog yog nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm microstructural, qhov sib xws yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom uas tsuas yog muaj thiab ib qho uas ua tau zoo.
Thaum kawg, QT400-18 yog ntau yam haujlwm ua haujlwm, tab sis nws tsis yog lub neej ntawd. Nws yog ib qho kev xaiv uas yuav tsum tau nkag siab thiab tswj. Kho nws nrog qhov kev hwm, koom tes nrog lub chaw tsim khoom uas ua tib yam, thiab koj yuav tau txais cov khoom siv ruaj khov, cov khoom siv uas koj suav nrog. Txhua yam tsawg dua yog cia li cia siab tias cov lej ntawm daim ntawv txhais rau cov hlau hauv koj txhais tes.
