Thaum ib tug neeg hais tias 'steel casting qhov chaw,' feem ntau xav txog ib lub pob ntawm cov hlau uas vaguely haum ib daim duab. Qhov ntawd yog qhov teeb meem pib. Zaj dab neeg tiag tiag tsis yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv qib ntawm daim ntawv - nws yog nyob rau hauv lub suab ntawm ib feem ua rau thaum koj kais nws, lub grain qauv nyob rau hauv lub microscope tom qab ib tug ua tsis tau tejyam kev ntsuam xyuas, thiab tsis muaj kev sib cav sib ceg ntawm 'zoo txaus' thiab 'yuav nws tuav tau kaum xyoo.' Stainless? Qhov ntawd yog lwm tsiaj nyaum nkaus; nws tsis yog 'steel uas tsis xeb.' Kuv tau pom ntau qhov haujlwm kaw vim tias qhov kev tsom mus rau chemistry thiab tsis yog ntawm cov txheej txheem uas hloov cov chemistry mus rau qhov ua haujlwm tau zoo, txhim khu kev qha.
Lub Plhaub Game: Precision tsis yog hais txog kev zam xwb
Peb khiav ntau heev plhaub molding ntawm no. Cov neeg xaiv nws rau qhov nyuaj thiab tsim nyog ntawm qhov chaw tiav, tab sis lawv feem ntau tsis nco qab qhov tseem ceeb ua ntej cam khwb cia. Cov resin-xuab zeb sib tov, lub sijhawm kho, lub plhaub tuab-nws yog ib daim ntawv qhia, tsis yog qhov chaw ruaj khov. Ib pawg ntawm cov plhaub uas kho rau hnub ntub dej coj txawv txawv. Peb ib zaug tau khiav ntawm 316L stainless hlau casting qhov chaw rau marine fittings qhov twg lub plhaub tau me ntsis hauv-kho. Qhov tshwm sim tsis yog kev puas tsuaj loj; nws yog qhov hloov maj mam nto pitting ntawm qhov chaw tsis tseem ceeb, yuav luag zoo li txiv kab ntxwv tev. Cov khoom dhau qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas tab sis saib tsis zoo. Tus neeg siv khoom tsis zoo siab. Nws tsis yog cov khoom tsis ua haujlwm; nws yog tus txheej txheem rhiab heev uas peb tsis tau tiv thaiv txaus. Qhov ntawd yog qhov: cov txheej txheem pwm yog ib feem ntawm cov khoom siv qhov kawg ua haujlwm.
Kev nqis peev casting tau txais kev hlub ntau dua rau nws qhov tseeb, tab sis nws qhia txog nws tus kheej cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov pauv. Cov qauv siv quav ciab, lub voj voog slurry txheej, txoj kev dewaxing-txhua kauj ruam tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab lossis cuam tshuam me me ua ntej cov hlau yuav raug nchuav. Rau high-nickel alloys, qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Qhov tsis sib haum xeeb hauv thermal expansion ntawm lub plhaub ceramic thiab cov hlau thaum lub caij txias tuaj yeem ua rau kub kua muag. Koj tsis tas yuav pom nws ntawm qhov muag liab qab. Nws yuav tshwm sim tom qab thaum machining los yog nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab. Qhov takeaway? Kev qhia txog peev casting tsis yog cov mos txwv khawv koob. Koj yuav tsum qhia meej, lossis ua haujlwm nrog lub chaw tsim khoom uas nkag siab, tag nrho cov saw hlau.
Qhov no yog qhov uas kev ua lag luam mus sij hawm ntev tseem ceeb. Ib lub tuam txhab zoo li Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), nrog rau lawv 30 xyoo nyob rau hauv casting thiab machining, zoo li yuav pom cov kev ua tsis zoo no ib puas zaug. Cov keeb kwm ntawd tsis yog kev lag luam xwb; nws yog ib lub tsev qiv ntawv puas hlwb ntawm dab tsi yuav mus tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Nws txhais ua li cas lawv teeb tsa lawv cov txheej txheem. Lawv tsis yog nchuav hlau rau hauv kab noj hniav xwb; lawv tswj cov thermal thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm cov qauv mus rau qhov tiav.
Cov khoom siv yog qhov pib taw tes, tsis muaj kev lees paub
Cov neeg siv khoom xa tuaj rau peb specs: ASTM A351 CF8M lossis AISI 4140. Qhov ntawd yog qhov yooj yim. Qhov nyuaj yog paub tias CF8M (qhov sib npaug ntawm 316 stainless) los ntawm ib lub yaj tuaj yeem coj txawv ntawm lwm qhov raws li kev coj ua deoxidation, ncuav kub, thiab txawm tias cov khoom seem mus rau hauv lub cub tawg. Peb machined ib pawg ntawm lub cev valve ib zaug uas lub cuab yeej lub neej yog wildly inconsistent. Cov ntawv pov thawj tau zoo tag nrho. Nyob rau hauv lub Scope, qhov txawv ntawm carbide faib tau meej. Lub yaj chemistry yog 'hauv spec,' tab sis zaj dab neeg solidification tsis zoo tagnrho.
Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb rau lub thiaj li hu tshwj xeeb alloys- cobalt-based, nickel-based khoom. Lawv castability yog npau suav phem piv rau carbon steel. Lawv yog cov viscous, nquag rau kev sib cais, thiab ntxub kev hloov pauv kub. Kev vam meej nrog cov ntaub ntawv no tsawg dua txog kev muaj lub cub tawg thiab ntau ntxiv txog kev ua siab ntev thiab cov txheej txheem. Nws yog hais txog kev tswj cov dej, qee zaum txawm tias lub tshuab nqus tsev lossis argon shielding, thiab ib qho kev tswj xyuas thermal tshwj xeeb thaum lub caij txias. Koj tsis tuaj yeem maj. Txoj hauj lwm nrawm ntawm Hastelloy C feem yuav tawg, lav. Tus nqi tsis yog nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv raw; nws yog nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm thiab tswj ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau kom nws txoj cai.
Ua haujlwm nrog ntau yam khoom siv, los ntawm nrum hlau rau nickel alloys, yuam kom koj rov pib dua koj qhov kev xav rau txhua txoj haujlwm. Dab tsi ua haujlwm rau lub twj tso kua mis hlau hauv tsev yuav ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog super duplex. Lub chaw tsim khoom uas tswj hwm qhov kev sib kis no, zoo li QSY hais txog lawv ua, yuav tsum ua haujlwm yuav luag zoo li ntau lub khw tshwj xeeb hauv qab ib lub ru tsev. Lub siab xav rau grey hlau yog qhov txawv ntawm lub siab xav rau steel casting qhov chaw hauv kev pabcuam corrosive.
Lub Handoff: Thaum Casting ntsib CNC
Qhov no yog lub sijhawm ua-lossis-tuag uas ntau lub chaw ua si dawb huv tsis quav ntsej. Koj tau tsim ib qho zoo nkauj, dimensionally 'kaw' casting. Tam sim no nws mus rau hauv pem teb machining. Yog tias pab pawg machining tsis raug hu rau hauv cov txheej txheem casting, lawv yuav liam txhua qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov chaw tsim khoom, thiab rov ua dua. Kuv tau nyob hauv cov rooj sib tham uas tsuas yog qhov ntawd: kev ua si thuam. Cov machinists pom qhov chaw nyuaj uas rhuav tshem cov cuab yeej - puas yog xuab zeb suav nrog lossis txias? Lub foundry hais tias daim duab hu rau seem ntawd kom tuab.
Kev koom ua ke CNC machining yog ib qho txiaj ntsig loj heev, tab sis tsuas yog tias kev sib txuas lus yog kev sib koom ua ke ib yam nkaus. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws scenarios yog thaum tus machining foreman tuaj yeem taug kev rov qab mus rau qhov chaw tsim khoom thiab hais tias, Hav, peb tab tom pom cov porosity zoo ib yam hauv qhov bore qhov chaw ntawm qhov thib peb casting, thiab cov neeg tsim khoom tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas lub rooj vag lossis riser tsim rau qhov chaw ntawd. Nws yog real-time, tswv yim tswv yim. Thaum casting thiab machining yog cov chaw sib cais, qhov kev tawm tswv yim lub voj voog qeeb dhau thiab feem ntau muaj kev tawm tsam.
Peb kawm qhov no los ntawm cov twj tso kua mis. Cov castings tau zoo, tab sis thaum lub sij hawm tho txawv, peb yuav tau sib tham me ntsis. Qhov teeb meem tsis yog lub tshuab lossis qhov loj me. Nws yog qhov residual stress nyob rau hauv lub stainless hlau casting los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws. Txoj kev daws tsis yog los hloov cov qauv casting drastic; nws yog los ntxiv ib qho yooj yim vibration kev nyuaj siab nyem kauj ruam ua ntej hnyav machining. Pab pawg foundry tsis tau xav txog nws vim hais tias ib feem tau ntsib spec. Pab neeg machining tsuas xav tias cov khoom yog 'tawv tawv.' Txuas qhov sib txawv ntawd daws nws. Ib tus neeg muag khoom uas muab ob qho kev pabcuam hauv lub hauv paus muaj txoj hauv kev zoo dua los daws cov teebmeem no.
Kev poob yog ib tug Xib Fwb zoo dua li kev khiav zoo tag nrho
Wb tham txog ib tug tiag tiag. Ib tug neeg xav tau kev cai impeller rau cov tshuaj lom neeg slurry. Cov khoom tau teev tseg raws li high-chromium dawb hlau rau abrasion kuj. Peb nrum nws, machined nws, nws zoo meej. Nws ua tsis tau tejyam nyob rau hauv teb nyob rau hauv lub lis piam, tawg los ntawm lub hub sab nraud. Tom qab kev tuag tau pom tias qhov tawg yog tawg tawg, tsis hnav. Peb tau tsom mus rau kev puas tsuaj uas peb tsis quav ntsej txog kev cuam tshuam thiab thermal shock. Qhov kho tsis yog txheej txheem casting sib txawv; nws yog ib qho kev xaiv cov khoom sib txawv rau tag nrho - ib qho nyuaj, tsis tshua muaj zog alloy steel nrog cov txheej tiv thaiv. Peb yeej qhov kev txiav txim rov qab vim peb tau kawm thiab nthuav tawm cov kev tshuaj ntsuam metallurgical. Cov neeg siv khoom ntseeg peb ntau dua tom qab qhov ua tsis tiav, vim peb nkag siab tias vim li cas nws ua tsis tiav.
Cov kev paub dhau los no tsim qhov koj tab tom nrhiav. Thaum kuv pom ib lub tuam txhab cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no, kuv tsis tshua nyiam los ntawm cov duab ci ntsa iab thiab xav paub ntau ntxiv hauv qhov nyuaj, oddly zoo li qhov chaw - cov uas qhia meej txog qhov kev sib tw. Cov uas tej zaum tau ua tsis tiav los yog ob qho hauv lawv keeb kwm. Qhov ntawd yog kev txawj ntse tiag tiag. Nws yog qhov txawv ntawm lub khw uas ua raws li cov lus qhia thiab ib qho uas muab kev txiav txim.
Yog vim li cas, thaum ntsuas tus khub muaj peev xwm, lawv lub xyoo nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom siv ntau yam, zoo li 30+ xyoo thiab cov kev paub dav dav tau hais los ntawm QSY, teeb liab qhov tob uas los ntawm kev ntsib-thiab kev daws-cov teeb meem tsis yog phau ntawv. Tej zaum lawv tau xa qee qhov chaw uas lawv tsis txaus siab rau, thaum ntxov, thiab qhov kev paub dhau los qhia lawv cov txheej txheem tam sim no.
Cov ntsiab lus tsis ntxim nyiam uas qhov tseeb tseem ceeb
Thaum kawg, tsis muaj leej twg tau txais kev zoo siab txog qhov rooj vag thiab tsim tsim, tab sis nws yog lub plawv ntawm lub suab nrov. Nws tsis yog hais txog kev pub hlau xwb; Nws yog hais txog kev taw qhia solidification. Koj xav kom ib feem kom solidify los ntawm qhov deb tshaj plaws rov qab mus rau lub riser, yog li shrinkage porosity xaus rau hauv riser, tsis yog ib feem. Rau tuab steel casting qhov chaw zoo li lub iav khoob, qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ua tsis ncaj ncees lawm, thiab koj tau txais ib qho chaw hauv nruab nrab spongy uas yuav dhau UT yog tias nws me me, tab sis yuav tua lub neej qaug zog.
Lwm qhov tsis zoo nkauj nthuav dav: kev kho cua sov tom qab cam khwb cia. Rau ntau cov pa roj carbon thiab cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom txo qis kev ntxhov siab thiab ua kom cov qauv zoo. Tab sis lub voj voog tseem ceeb. nrawm dhau, thiab koj teeb tsa kev ntxhov siab tshiab. qeeb dhau, thiab koj nkim zog. Rau stainless, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qib zoo li 17-4 PH, kev kho cua sov yog cov cuab yeej-txhais kauj ruam. Koj tsis yog cua sov thiab cua txias xwb; koj nyob nraum laus rau precipitate hardening theem. Nco qhov kub lossis lub sijhawm, thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab raug kaw, txawm tias qhov casting zoo tag nrho.
Qhov no yog kev ua kom zoo steel / stainless hlau casting qhov chaw. Nws yog ib txoj hlua ntawm ib puas qhov kev txiav txim me me, los ntawm cov qauv khw mus rau qhov cub kho cua sov. Tsis muaj ib qho kev dag ntxias. Nws yog hais txog kev sib xws, ceev faj, thiab qhov sib sib zog nqus, qee zaum mob, lub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm cov txiaj ntsig yav dhau los. Lub hom phiaj yeej tsis yog los ua ib feem; nws yog los ua ib feem uas ploj mus rau hauv tus neeg siv khoom lub rooj sib txoos thiab ua haujlwm, tsis zoo, rau xyoo. Qhov ntawd yog lub cim tiag tiag ntawm kev ua tiav, thiab nws yog qhov cais cov khoom lag luam los ntawm tus khub tsim khoom tiag.
