Stelite alloy bụ okwu n'ozuzu maka usoro cobalt-chromium alloys nke na-eguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu, eyi na corrosion. "Stellite" bụ mbụ patent nke Deloro Group. N'afọ 2012, Kennametal nwetara Deloro Stelite Group wee bụrụ ụghalaahia edenyere n'akwụkwọ ikikere nke Kennametal, nke ejiri na-ezo aka na alloys dabere na cobalt.
Ngwakọta kemịkalụ nke Stelite alloy:
Stelite alloy bụ nke ezinụlọ alloy dabere na cobalt ma nwee isi ihe ndị a:
Cobalt (Co): Ihe matrix, na-aza ihe dị ka 50-65% nke mkpokọta ịdị arọ, na-enye ike dị elu nke okpomọkụ na ike ọgwụgwụ ọkụ.
Chromium (Cr): Ọdịnaya ya na-adịkarị n'etiti 25% na 33%, ọ bụkwa isi ihe na-eme ka oyi akwa mkpuchi chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃), na-enye alloy n'ụzọ pụtara ìhè na-eguzogide oxidation na corrosion dị elu.
Tungsten (W) na molybdenum (Mo): Isi ihe ngwọta siri ike na-ewusi ike. Ụfọdụ tungsten ma ọ bụ molybdenum ga-ejikọta ya na carbon iji mepụta carbide siri ike, na-eme ka ike siri ike na-acha uhie uhie na-eyi nguzogide nke alloy.
Carbon (C): Ọdịnaya na-agbanwe n'etiti 0.1% na 3.0%. Carbon bụ isi ihe na nhazi nke carbide (dị ka MC, M₂₃C₆, M₇C₃), nke agbakwunyere na matrix cobalt dị ka ogwe nchara, na-akpụ "skeleton" maka alloy iji guzogide iyi.
Ihe ike nke Stelite alloy na-esite na matriks austenite kwadoro site na ngwọta siri ike na carbides na-ekesa na matriks. Usoro ike ike a pụrụ iche na-enyere Stelite alloy aka inweta ike dị nwayọ nwayọ ka okpomọkụ na-ebili, na-enye ya nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ dị oke elu.
Isi akara ule na njirimara Stelite alloy:
Usoro na-eguzogide iyi
Stelite 1: Ọkwa carbon dị elu na tungsten dị elu nwere ike ruru HRC 48-55. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na-eme ka ọ ghara imebi ma dabara adaba maka oche valve, bearings na liners na-eguzogide, wdg.
Stelite 4: Ike dị elu, ike siri ike. Ọ dabara maka oyi stamping anwụ, akwa-nrụgide iyi akụkụ, wdg.
Stelite 6: Ọkachamara kachasị na nke kpochapụwo, a maara ya dị ka "Jack of all kinds". Ọ nwere nguzozi zuru oke nke isi ike (ihe dị ka HRC 40) na ịdị ike, yana nwekwara njiri mmetụta mmetụta dị mma, nguzogide corrosion na nguzogide oke okpomọkụ. A na-eji ya eme ihe na valvụ akara n'elu, valvụ engine na dị iche iche bushings, wdg.
Stellite 12: Ọrụ ya dị n'etiti nke Stelite 1 na Stelite 6, na ike siri ike nke ihe dịka HRC 45. Ọ na-esi ike ma na-eguzogide ọgwụ karịa Stelite 6, ọ dịkwa mma maka oke okpomọkụ na akwa valves, sawteeth, screw push rods, na valves njikwa.
Stelite 20: Ọkwa nke nwere isi ike dị oke elu (ihe dị ka HRC 60), emebere ya maka ọnọdụ iyi akwa dị oke egwu, a na-ejikarị ya na-ebu aka uwe, efere na-eguzogide ọgwụ, na mgbanaka akara rotary.
Stelite 100: mmetụta na-eguzogide na cavitation na-eguzogide, nke emebere ya maka ọnọdụ abrasive dị oke egwu, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na mgbapụta mgbapụta, turbine blades, na chemical akụrụngwa.
Usoro okpomọkụ dị elu / corrosion na-eguzogide
Stellite 21: Carbon dị obere, molybdenum nwere ọkwa nwere ezigbo ike yana nguzogide ujo pụtara ìhè. Ugbo turbine gas, valvụ na-ekpo ọkụ dị elu, akụrụngwa ụlọ ọrụ nuklia.
Stelite 31 (X-40): N'ime nickel, ọ na-egosipụta ike dị elu nke okpomọkụ na ike ọgwụgwụ nke okpomọkụ, na ogologo oge ejiriwo ya dị ka ihe eji eduzi vanes na engines aero na components nke gas turbines.
Stelite 25: Ọdịnaya carbon dị ala, nke nwere oke nguzogide ike ike, oxidation na sulfidation, dabara maka ihe mejupụtara ụlọ combustion.
Usoro mmemme pụrụ iche
Tribaloy T-400: Ọdịnaya molybdenum dị elu, ihe onwunwe na-ekpo ọkụ dị elu nke onwe, na-enweta mmanụ ọkụ dị elu site na oge Laves, karịsịa maka valvụ ọnụ ụzọ ámá na ihe ndị na-enweghị mmanụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na mgbasa ozi na-emebi emebi.
Tribaloy T-800: Molybdenum dị elu na chromium dị elu, nwere nguzogide iyi ka mma karịa T-400, dabara adaba maka ndị ọzọ na-achọsi ike, na-emebi emebi na gburugburu oke okpomọkụ.
Uru na ọghọm dị na Stelite alloy
Uru
Isi ike na-acha uhie uhie pụtara ìhè: Akụkụ a ma ama nke Stelite alloy bụ na ọ nwere ike idowe ike na ike dị elu ọbụlagodi na oke okpomọkụ sitere na 650 ruo 1000 ℃. Carbides ya adịghị agbazekwa ruo mgbe ọ dị elu dị ka 1100 ℃, nke siri ike maka ọtụtụ ihe ndị dabeere na ígwè na nickel iji nweta.
Nguzogide corrosion zuru oke: Ọdịnaya chromium dị elu na-enyere ya aka ịmepụta ihe nkiri passivation kwụsiri ike na mgbasa ozi corrosive dị iche iche, gụnyere mmiri mmiri, sulfuric acid, nitric acid na gas na-ekpo ọkụ, na-egosipụta nguzogide dị mma maka ma edo na corrosion mpaghara. Karịsịa n'ihe banyere iguzogide corrosion thermal (dị ka sulfidation), Stelite alloys na-adịkarị elu karịa alloys dabere na nickel n'ihi ebe mgbaze dị elu nke cobalt sulfides.
Nguzogide iyi pụtara ìhè: Ma ọ bụ esemokwu intermetallic (eyi nrapado) ma ọ bụ eyi mbuze nke mmiri nwere ihe mejupụtara, Stelite alloy na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Ọ nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala nke esemokwu yana ike mgbochi mkpocha siri ike.
Nguzogide ike ọgwụgwụ dị oke mma: Ọ nwere ike iguzogide mgbanwe okpomọkụ dị egwu (ụjọ ọkụ) na-enweghị mgbawa, na-eme ka ọ dabara nke ọma maka ọnọdụ mmalite nkwụsị nke valves, ebu, wdg.
Mwepu
Ike okpomọkụ adịghị ezughi oke: N'oge okpomọkụ (dị ka 600-800 ℃), ike nke Stelite alloys na-abụkarị naanị 50-75% nke alloys dabere na nickel n'ihi enweghị usoro na-eme ka ike sie ike.
Ihe isi ike nhazi dị elu: N'ihi ike siri ike ya na ịdị elu ya, nhazi ịkpụ nke Stelite alloy siri ike. Na-emekarị, ọ bụ naanị egweri ma ọ bụ ụzọ nhazi pụrụ iche nwere ike ịnakwere, na-akpata ụgwọ nrụpụta dị elu maka akụkụ.
Ụkọ akụrụngwa: Cobalt bụ akụrụngwa atụmatụ dị mkpa. Ihe nchekwa ya zuru ụwa ọnụ dị oke ma kesaa nke ọma, nke na-eduga n'ọnụ ahịa dị elu nke Stelite alloy. Ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, nke a na-egbochi ngwa ya buru ibu.
Mgbochi oxidation dị oke: N'agbanyeghị oke nguzogide ya na corrosion thermal, nguzogide oxidation nke Stelite alloys na gburugburu ikuku oxidation dị ọcha na-adịkarị ala karịa nke alloys dabere na nickel.
