Mukati '410 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri', anthu ambiri, ngakhale ogula ena, nthawi yomweyo amaganiza kuti 'zopanda banga, zabwino pa chilichonse'. Ndiwo msampha woyamba. Ndi martensitic, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimaumitsa ndi chithandizo cha kutentha, mosiyana ndi zomwe zimafala kwambiri 304. Ndi maginito, amatha kudzimbirira ngati mukukankhira, ndipo weldability wake ndi kukambirana kosiyana. Ndawona zojambula zambiri momwe zimatchulidwira chifukwa ndi njira yotsika mtengo yosapanga dzimbiri, osaganizira za malo ogwirira ntchito kapena kukonzanso komwe kumafunikira. Sichinthu cholowa m'malo mwa 304 kapena 316. Kulakwitsa koteroko kumapangitsa kuti magawo ena azilephera mumlengalenga wowononga kapena kusweka panthawi yopanga. Chidziwitso chenicheni sichili mu tchati cha pepala la deta (11.5-13.5% Cr, chabwino?), Koma podziwa nthawi yoti mugwiritse ntchito, momwe mungachigwiritsire ntchito, komanso movutikira, momwe mungatenthetsere ntchitoyo.
Makhalidwe Azinthu ndi Zolakwika Zofala
Cholinga chachikulu cha 410 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi kuphatikiza kwake kwapakatikati kukana dzimbiri, mawonekedwe abwino amakina pambuyo poumitsa, komanso mtengo wotsika. Kuti 'zapakati' ndiye chinsinsi. M'malo ochepa mumlengalenga kapena m'madzi abwino, ndizabwino. Koma ponyani ma chloride, ma acid, kapena ngakhale chinyezi chokhazikika chokhala ndi zoipitsa, ndipo mudzawona dzimbiri. Si kalasi yam'madzi. Ndikukumbukira gulu la zomangira zopangira zida zam'mphepete mwa nyanja zomwe zidafotokoza 410 kuti zisunge mtengo. Anawonetsa madontho a bulauni mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Wogulayo adakhumudwa, koma zomwe zinali zolakwika pa chilengedwe. Tinayenera kusintha ku 316 kuti tilowe m'malo.
Kumene kumawala ndi m'mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kuuma komanso kukana kuvala. Ganizirani ma shaft a pampu, zigawo za valve, zodula, kapena masamba a turbine. Koma apa pali nsomba: kuuma kumeneko kumachokera ku chithandizo cha kutentha. Mu annealed chikhalidwe, ndithu machable. Mukaumitsa, nenani, HRC 40-45, kukonza kumakhala ntchito yapadera. Mufunika zida zoyenera, kuthamanga, ndi zakudya. Ngati mukuyang'ana gawo, muyenera kukhala omveka bwino ndi omwe akukugulirani za zomwe zikufunika. Kodi mukufuna kuti iperekedwe kwa inu kuti muyike makina ndikuchiritsa? Kapena mukufuna kuumitsa kwathunthu ndi kugwa? Kusiyana kwa kulumikizanaku kumabweretsa kuchedwa kwambiri kuposa chilichonse.
Apa ndipamene malo oyambira ndi makina opangira zinthu zozama ndikofunikira. Kampani ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., ndi zaka zawo 30 akugwira ntchito yojambula ndi kupanga makina, amatha kuthana ndi vutoli mosavuta. Amatha kuponya gawolo pogwiritsa ntchito chipolopolo chawo kapena njira yopangira ndalama, kenako ndikupitilira kuyika koyenera, kukonza makina owopsa, chithandizo cha kutentha (kuzimitsa ndi kutenthetsa kuuma komwe kwatchulidwa), komanso kulondola komaliza. CNC makina kapena kugaya. Kuyesa kugawa magawo awa pakati pa ogulitsa angapo omwe sali ogwirizana ndi zomwe zalembedwazo ndikufunsa kuti pakhale vuto ndi kukhazikika kwazithunzi kapena kusweka.
Kuvina Kuchiza Kutentha: Kuzipeza Bwino ndi Pamene Zikulakwika
Kutentha kuchitira 410 ndi luso lake. Kuzungulira kokhazikika kumaphatikizapo kuwongolera mozungulira 980-1010 ° C, kuzimitsa mafuta, kenako kutenthetsa. Kutentha kwa kutentha kumatengera kuuma komaliza ndi kulimba kwake. Kutentha kwapansi (kuzungulira 200-400 ° C) kumapereka kuuma kwakukulu koma kutsika kwamphamvu. Pitani pamwamba (600-700 ° C), ndipo mumayamba kulimba koma kutsika kulimba. Muyenera kufananiza izi ndi ntchito ya gawolo.
Mutu wothandiza ndi kupotoza. Makamaka ndi zida zovuta kapena zomangika, kuzimitsa kumayambitsa kupsinjika ndi kugunda. Kwa chigawo cholondola monga shaft kapena mpando wa valve, izi zikhoza kukhala zoopsa. Nthawi ina tinali ndi ma discs opangira ndalama omwe adatuluka chifukwa cha kutentha ndi kuthamanga kupitirira malire omwe angathe kupulumutsidwa. Njira yothetsera vutoli? Nthawi zina zimakhala za kukonza nthawi yozimitsa, nthawi zina zimakhala zochepetsera kupsinjika kwapakati panthawi ya makina ovuta, ndipo nthawi zina mumayenera kupanga bajeti yogwiritsira ntchito popera kutentha kuti mubwezeretse geometry. Sikuti 'kungotumiza kuti aumitsidwe'.
Mfundo ina yobisika ndi kuzizira kwa nthawi yodziponya yokha. Za kuponya ndalama zigawo, mawonekedwe a as-cast angakhudze momwe amachitira mofanana ndi chithandizo cha kutentha chotsatira. Opeza omwe amamvetsetsa izi amawongolera magawo awo kuti apange tirigu wofananira, ndikupereka zotsatira zodziwikiratu kutsika. Izi sizinthu zamabuku; izo zasonkhanitsa chidziwitso cha ndondomeko kuchokera pakuthamanga zikwi za kutentha ndi kuyatsa.
Zolemba za Machining ndi Zopanga kuchokera Pansi Pansipa
Machining annealed 410 ndiwowongoka bwino - amakhala ngati chitsulo chochepa. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zabwino zopangira, zoziziritsa bwino, ndipo muli bwino. Vuto liri ndi zinthu zolimba kapena ngakhale mkhalidwe wa 'theka-wolimba'. Zida za Carbide ndizofunikira, ndipo ceramic kapena CBN imatha kufunikira pakupanga magawo olimba kwambiri. Zinthuzo zimakonda kugwira ntchito molimba, chifukwa chake muyenera kudulidwa mwamphamvu kuti mulowe pansi pa wosanjikiza wopangidwa ndi chida chapitacho. Kuwala, kudula skimming kumangotentha chida chanu.
Kuwotcherera ndi vuto lodziwika bwino lopweteka ndi 410 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Zimatengedwa ngati zowotcherera, koma ndi chenjezo lalikulu. Kutentha kusanakwane (pafupifupi 200 ° C) ndi Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) pafupifupi nthawi zonse ndizoyenera kuteteza kuzizira kumadera omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kutentha (HAZ). HAZ imakhala yolimba komanso yolimba ngati mutangoyiwotcherera ndikuyisiya. Ndawonapo mipingo yowotcherera ikusweka momveka ndikuzizira pansi pashopu. Pakukonza ma welds kapena kupanga, kugwiritsa ntchito 309L filler zitsulo ndizofala kubweretsa austenite yambiri ndikuwongolera kukana kwa ming'alu. Koma moona mtima, ngati kapangidwe kake kakuphatikiza kuwotcherera kwakukulu kwa 410, ndikofunikira kuwunikanso kusankha kwazinthu.
Zowona Zogwiritsira Ntchito ndi Zolinga Zopezera
Ndiye kodi 410 imamveka kuti? Ndi yabwino kwa youma akuthamanga makina zigawo zikuluzikulu. Zomera, magiya, ndi zomangira pazida zamafuta & gasi (komwe chilengedwe chimayendetsedwa, osati mutu wa chitsime), zida zamakina zamapepala zomwe zimaphwanyidwa, ndi zida zopangira chakudya pomwe dzimbiri ndizochepa koma zoyera zimafunikira. Kuchuluka kwake kwa mphamvu ndi kulemera pambuyo pa chithandizo kumapindulitsanso.
Mukamagula zinthu, sikuti mukungogula zinthu, mukugula njira yopangira njira. Mufunika wogulitsa amene amapeza tcheni chonse. Kuyang'ana pa Zithunzi za QSY kuchuluka - kupanga nkhungu ya zipolopolo, kuponya ndalama, CNC Machining, ndi zinachitikira ndi aloyi wapadera-zimasonyeza kuti akonzedwa kuti mtundu uwu vertically Integrated kupanga. Pa gawo lozungulira lozungulira lopangidwa ndi 410, mungafune kuti aponyedwe, kutentha kulitenthetsa pansi pamikhalidwe yoyendetsedwa, ndiyeno kumalizitsa makinawo, onse pansi pa denga limodzi. Izi zimawongolera zosintha. Kutumiza chopanda kanthu ku chotenthetsera chotenthetsera chamba ndiyeno kumalo ena ogulitsa makina kumabweretsa zopatsa zambiri zomwe zitha kuchepetsedwa.
Mtengo nthawi zonse ndi chinthu. 410 imakhala pamalo okoma pakati pa zitsulo za kaboni ndi zitsulo zapamwamba za nickel austenitic zosapanga dzimbiri. Koma mtengo wathunthu uyenera kuphatikiza kukonza. Mbali yomwe imafuna makina okhwima pambuyo poumitsa idzakhala yokwera mtengo kusiyana ndi yomwe imapangidwira popera. Mnzake wabwino wa uinjiniya adzawonetsa zotsatsa izi koyambirira.
Malingaliro Omaliza: Ndi Katswiri, Osati Wa Generalist
Kumaliza izi, 410 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chinthu chothandiza kwambiri, koma chimafuna ulemu. Si ‘chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri’ m’lingaliro la colloquial, set-it-and-iwa- it. Makhalidwe ake amagwirizana kwambiri ndi mbiri yake yotentha. Kupambana ndi izo kumabwera chifukwa chochiyesa ngati dongosolo: kapangidwe ka kupanga, tchulani zomwe zimafunikira ndendende, sankhani wopanga ndi zitsulo zotsimikiziridwa ndi zopangira, ndipo musaganize kuti kukana kwa dzimbiri.
Zolephera zomwe ndidaziwonapo nthawi zambiri zimayambira ku umodzi mwamalumikizidwewo kukhala ofooka - wopanga amazitenga ngati 304, wogula amangogula pamtengo wagawo, kapena malo ogulitsira makina opanda njira zochiritsira zotenthetsera. Unyolo ukakhala wamphamvu, 410 imapanga zida zolimba, zotsika mtengo zomwe zimatha. Ndi kavalo wamba, koma yemwe amafunikira wowongolera waluso.
