Mukamva mawu oti "bushing sleeve", ambiri amaganiza kuti ndi mphete yachitsulo chabe, ya spacer. Ndiko kulakwitsa koyamba. M'malo mwake, ndi gawo lomwe limatanthauzidwa ndi ntchito yake mkati mwa msonkhano, ndipo kukonza bwino ntchitoyi ndipamene zaka zambiri zaukadaulo ndi makina amakulipirani kapena kukusiyani ndi pepala lokwera mtengo. Ndawonapo zojambula zambiri zomwe zikuyimira kulolerana thumba la manja OD ndi yolimba kuposa momwe imafunikira, pomwe chomaliza kapena zinthu zina zimangoganiziridwanso. Kusagwirizanaku pakati pa zolinga zamapangidwe ndi zenizeni zomwe zingapangidwe ndipamene mavuto amayambira.
Zofunika Kuposa Tsamba Lapadera
Mumasankha zinthu za a thumba la manja kutengera zomwe ikuyenera kuchita, osati zomwe zili zotsika mtengo kapena zomwe zilipo. Chikwama chaulimi wolemera kwambiri, wozungulira pang'ono? Chitsulo cha 1045, chowumitsidwa, chikhoza kukhala changwiro. Koma kwa shaft ya mpope m'malo opangira mankhwala, kumenya mu mkono wachitsulo wa carbon ndi njira yochepetsera dzimbiri komanso kugwidwa. Ndipamene chidziwitso cha aloyi kuchokera kwa ogulitsa ngati Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) chimakhala chovuta. Iwo akhala akugwira ntchito ndi chitsulo choponyedwa, chosapanga dzimbiri, ndi ma aloyi apadera a nickel kapena cobalt kwa zaka 30. Kusiyana kwake sikungolimbana ndi dzimbiri; ndi za kusiyanasiyana kwa matenthedwe kukulitsa, kukana kwamphamvu motsutsana ndi shaft, ndi momwe zinthuzo zimakhalira pansi pa katundu wopitilira.
Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti yopanga ma silinda a hydraulic. Nkhonoyo inali ya wotsogolera. Poyamba adatchula chitsulo chokhazikika cha ductile. Inapanga bwino, koma poyesa kumunda pansi pa katundu ndi mphamvu, idapanga ming'alu ya tsitsi. Kusanthula kulephera kumasonyeza mphamvu ya kutopa. Tidasinthira ku chitsulo chapamwamba, chotenthetsera chotenthetsera kuchokera ku mbiri ya QSY, yomwe amatha kuponya ndi makina. Mtengo unakwera, koma zonena za chitsimikizo zidatsika mpaka ziro. Phunziro linali loti kusankha kwa zinthu pa bushing sikungokhala chabe; imachita nawo mwachangu munjira yolephera.
Wina nuance ndi njira yoponya yokha. Kwa ma geometries ovuta okhala ndi magalasi amkati kapena ma flanges, nkhungu ya zipolopolo kapena kuyika ndalama kuchokera kwa katswiri nthawi zambiri kumapereka mawonekedwe oyandikira kuposa kuyesa kutulutsa zonse kuchokera pa bala lolimba. Izi amachepetsa Machining zinyalala ndipo akhoza kusintha njere kuyenda mu zitsulo. Kuyang'ana tsamba lawo pa https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, mutha kuwona akuphatikiza kuponya ndi makina a CNC. Kuphatikiza kumeneko ndikofunika. Zimatanthawuza kuti munthu amene akukonza chibowocho amamvetsetsa khungu loponyedwa ndi kuphulika kwake, kotero kuti akhoza kuyika zida zake ndi zakudya kuti aziwerengera izo, kuwonetsetsa kuti ID yomaliza ndi yoyera komanso yowona.
Mdierekezi ali mu Makulidwe (ndi Mapeto)
Kulekerera nkhokwe ya bushing ndi ntchito yomvetsetsa zonse. Makina osindikizira a OD amalowa m'nyumba, chizindikiritso cha tsinde, kukhazikika pakati pa ziwirizi, ndi makulidwe a nkhope. Zikumveka zomveka, koma ndawonapo misonkhano ikamangika chifukwa mkonowo, utakanikizidwa m'nyumba yake, umakhala wopindika pang'ono, ndikusandutsa chiboliboli chozungulira bwino kukhala chowulungika. Kukonza? Nthawi zina ikusintha kusokoneza kwa makina osindikizira, nthawi zina imatchula za kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono pambuyo pokonza makina, kapena nthawi zina ndikungopanga bore pambuyo pokanikizidwa ndi manja kuti agwiritse ntchito zovuta.
Kumaliza pamwamba pa ID ndi wakupha wina mwakachetechete. Zimakhala zowawa kwambiri, ndipo zimakhala ngati chiguduli, chomangira tsinde. Yosalala kwambiri (ndipo inde, pali chinthu choterocho), ndipo sichisunga filimu yopaka mafuta. Kumaliza kolemekezeka kapena kotopetsa kwa Ra kumadziwika, koma mayendedwe a zida ndizofunikiranso. Ayenera kuthamanga axially kuti athandizire kugawa mafuta, osati mozungulira. Uwu ndi mtundu watsatanetsatane womwe umangofotokoza mukamawona mavalidwe olakwika.
Utali ndi makulidwe a khoma nthawi zambiri samanyalanyazidwa. Kalombo kakang'ono kwambiri kuti agwire ntchito yake yolondolera sikungathe kulemedwa. Khoma lomwe ndi lopyapyala kwambiri limapatuka, ndikutaya kusokoneza kwake. Pali mawerengedwe oyambira, koma zochitika zimakupatsirani kumverera. Pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito zolemetsa, sindimakonda kupita pansi pa makulidwe a khoma omwe ndi osachepera 1/8 ya m'mimba mwake, osinthidwa kuti akhale ndi mphamvu. Ndi poyambira, osati lamulo, koma zimachokera kuyang'ana magawo osweka.
Pamene Sleeve Sili Sleeve Yokha: Kuphatikiza ndi Ntchito
Sikuti manja onse a bushing ndi masilinda osavuta. Zina zimayikidwa pamalo axial. Ena ali ndi ma grooves a O-rings kapena mayendedwe amafuta. Ena amagawanika (mabedi a manja, kwenikweni). Njira yopangira imasintha kwathunthu. Manja okhala ndi flanged atha kukhala abwino ngati kuponyera kuti apewe kuwotcherera. Kukonza madoko akuya, ang'onoang'ono amafuta kumafuna chida choyenera ndi kupanikizika kozizirira kuti musaphwanye zobowola mkati mwa gawolo - kuchedwa kokhumudwitsa komanso kokwera mtengo.
Ndinagwira ntchito pa kompresa msonkhano kumene thumba la manja anali ndi groove mafuta ozungulira mu ID. Kapangidwe kameneka kanafuna kuti ipangidwe pambuyo poyikira. Komabe, zida zanyumba ndi zida zamanja zimapangidwa mosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimatsogolera kukuya kosagwirizana. Yankho, lomwe linapangidwa ndi gulu lopanga makina, linali kuyikapo poyambira pang'ono pang'ono m'manja mokha, kenako ndikumaliza kumaliza kukayika. Idawonjezera sitepe koma magwiridwe antchito otsimikizika. Apa ndipamene luso la makina la CNC la ogulitsa, monga zomwe QSY imapereka, kusintha kuchokera ku ntchito zoyambira kupita ku mgwirizano wothetsa mavuto.
Kuphatikizika kwa kuponyera ndi makina pansi pa denga limodzi, monga tawonera ndi Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology, kumachepetsa zolakwika za handoff izi. Wopanga makina sakulandira bokosi lakuda lodabwitsa kuchokera ku maziko; iwo ndi gawo la njira yomweyo otaya. Izi zimayang'anira zosintha monga datum kusasinthika kuchokera pagawo lopanda kanthu kupita kugawo lomalizidwa, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pagawo lomwe magawo angapo a millimeter amatanthauzira kupambana kapena kulephera.
Zolephera ndi Zimene Amaphunzitsa
Nthawi zophunzitsa kwambiri zimachokera ku zolephera. A classic one ndi fretting dzimbiri. Manja okhala ndi chosindikizira choyenera, muzinthu zoyenera, amalepherabe. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa pansi pa cyclic vibrational katundu, kayendedwe kakang'ono kakang'ono kameneka kamapezeka pakati pa manja a OD ndi ID ya nyumba. Izi zimachotsa gawo loteteza la oxide, limawonetsa zitsulo zatsopano, oxidize, ndi kubwereza. Chotsatira chake ndi ufa wabwino, wonyezimira umene umamasula kukwanira. Kukonzekeraku kungaphatikizepo chithandizo chamtundu wina pa OD, monga phosphating, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chosungirako kuwonjezera pazosindikiza.
Kulephera kwina ndikutseka kwamafuta. Pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwakukulu, ngati malaya ndi shaft zili ndi ma coefficients osiyanasiyana a kukulitsa kutentha, chilolezo cha kutentha kwa chipinda chitha kukhala chosokoneza pakutentha kogwira ntchito, kulanda shaft. Tinaphunzira izi movutikira pagalimoto yothandiza ya turbine. Chitsulo chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chinakula kwambiri kuposa shaft ya carbon steel. Kuwerengera kunaphonya pakubwereza koyambirira kopanga. Zimafunika kukonzanso kwathunthu: aloyi yosiyana kuti manja agwirizane bwino ndi kukula kwa shaft.
Awa sizovuta zamaganizidwe. Ndizifukwa zomwe zaka 30 zakumbuyo zomwe QSY imatchula sizongotsatsa chabe. Ndilo nkhokwe ya maphunziro omwe aphunziridwa pa zikwizikwi za zida zojambulidwa ndi makina, pomwe a thumba la manja chinali cholumikizira chofunikira kwambiri mu unyolo. Chochitika chimenecho chimapereka mafunso omwe amafunsa akalandira chojambula: Kodi malo ogwirira ntchito ndi otani? Kodi mating material ndi chiyani? Kodi izi ndizogwirizana, kukana kuvala, kapena zonse ziwiri?
The Pragmatic Takeaway
Chifukwa chake, pofotokoza kapena kuyika manja a bushing, pitilirani kusindikiza kosavuta. Ganizirani za izo ngati mawonekedwe a dongosolo. Zinthuzo ziyenera kusankhidwa pa nthawi yonse ya ntchito-katundu, liwiro, kutentha, chilengedwe. Miyeso iyenera kuwerengera ma deformation a msonkhano ndi zotsatira za kutentha. Njira yopangira iyenera kukhala yokhoza kupereka ma geometry ofunikira ndikumaliza popanda kuyambitsa kupsinjika kapena zolakwika.
Kugwirizana ndi wopanga yemwe amawongolera zonse zitsulo (kupyolera mu kuponyera) ndi makina olondola ndi mwayi waukulu. Zimakupatsani mwayi wosintha malingaliro. Mwachitsanzo, akatswiri amakina amatha kudziwa zoyambira ngati aloyi inayake imapangitsa kuti zida zivale nthawi zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti awonenso za kutentha kwake kapena lingaliro lina. Kugwirizana kumeneku, kuthetsa mavuto apansi ndizomwe zimalekanitsa chigawo chogwira ntchito ndi chodalirika.
Pamapeto pake, thumba la bushing ndi gawo lodzichepetsa. Koma kudzichepetsa kwake n’kwachinyengo. Kupambana kwake kuli chete ndipo sikudziwika; kulephera kwake kuli kwakukulu komanso kokwera mtengo. Kuchikonza ndikuphatikizana kwa fiziki yolondola, zitsulo zogwira ntchito, ndi kupanga zolondola-kuphatikiza komwe kumasintha mphete yosavuta yachitsulo kukhala injiniya wodalirika.
