Yang'anani, anthu ambiri akamva 'MIM metal injection molding' amaganiza kuti ndi chipolopolo chopangira zitsulo zovuta kupanga motchipa. Mabulosha amamveketsa ngati mumangothira ufa mu makina ndikutulutsa chinthu chomalizidwa. Ndilo lingaliro lolakwika kwambiri. M'malo mwake, ndi njira yongokhalira kunyengerera nthawi zonse komanso kuweruza kosagwirizana. Si nthawi zonse yankho lolondola, ndipo kudziwa nthawi yoti muchoke n'kofunika monga kudziwa momwe mungayendetsere ntchitoyo. Ndawona ntchito zambiri zikulephera chifukwa wina adayesa kukakamiza MIM pomwe sizinali zake, atakopeka ndi lonjezo la kuchuluka kwakukulu komanso mawonekedwe a ukonde.
The Core Dance: Feedstock, Tooling, ndi Sintering Gamble
Moyo wa MIM zitsulo jakisoni akamaumba si kuumba - ndi feedstock. Kupeza kusakanizikana kwa ufa wachitsulo wabwino kwambiri ndi binder molondola ndi alchemy kuposa sayansi. Kupatuka kwa 2% pakukweza ufa kumatha kusokoneza kukhazikika kwapambuyo-sintering. Tinapezapo chakudya cha 17-4 PH kuchokera kwa wogulitsa watsopano wa chida chopangira opaleshoni. Zinawumba mokongola, koma pozimitsa, makina omangirawo anasweka, zomwe zinachititsa kuti mbali yowopsa yang'anjoyo igwere m'ng'anjoyo. Ilo linali phunziro la zida za $ 40k: musaganize kuti feedstock ndi chinthu.
Ndi zida ... ndi chilombo chosiyana ndi jekeseni wa pulasitiki. Mukukonzekera 20-25% shrinkage, koma si isotropic. Zimasintha ndi gawo la geometry, makulidwe a khoma, komanso momwe feedstock imayendera m'mimba. Tinali ndi bulaketi ya sensa ya mumlengalenga, gawo lalitali, lopyapyala. Kuwombera koyambirira kunatuluka mu nkhungu yangwiro, koma itatha sintering, inapindika ngati nthochi. Kukonza sikunali mu ng'anjo; chinali kuwonjezera kupindika kosawoneka bwino, kotsutsana ndi mwachilengedwe pabowo lokha. Simukupanga gawolo, mukupanga mtundu wolakwika womwe udasinthidwa kale.
Sintering ndipamene zitsulo zimapanga, ndipo ndi sitepe yapamwamba kwambiri. Mbiri ya kutentha, mpweya (hydrogen, nitrogen-argon mix), ndi nthawi zonse ndizofunikira. Kuthamanga mwachangu kwambiri, mumapeza zofooka za binder. Kutentha kocheperako, mumasiyidwa ndi porous, chofooka. Ndikukumbukira gulu la mapini okhoma zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kwa kasitomala wamakina olemera. Anapambana macheke onse owoneka ndi mawonekedwe koma adalephera pakuyezetsa m'munda - kusweka kowonongeka. Chifukwa chake? Kuyenda kwa thermocouple mu ng'anjo yotentha kunapanga malo ozizira 30 ° C. Ziwalozo zinkawoneka zachitsulo koma sizinaphatikizidwe mokwanira. Ndilo gawo lobisika la MIM; cholakwika chikhoza kukwiriridwa mkati mwa microstructure.
Kumene MIM Iwala (Ndipo Kumene Siima)
Ndiye liti kuumba jekeseni wachitsulo kupanga zomveka? Ndizowoneka bwino pazigawo zing'onozing'ono, zovuta kwambiri, zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe zingakhale kupha kumakina. Ganizirani zamagulu amagetsi okhala ndi ma splines amkati, maulalo a ndege zambiri, kapena zida zokhala ndi mafupi ndi makoma owonda. Kupambana kwachikale kunali gawo la titaniyamu aloyi pa chipangizo chachipatala chovala. Kuchipanga kuchokera ku zolimba kunali kodula komanso kowononga. MIM idatifikitsa ku 95% mawonekedwe onse, kumangofunikira makina omaliza. Voliyumu (200k+ pachaka) idalungamitsa NRE pakugwiritsa ntchito zida ndi chitukuko.
Koma apa pali mbali ina. Ngati gawo lanu ndi losavuta - spacer yoyambira kapena bulaketi lathyathyathya - iwalani MIM. Kupondaponda kapena CNC kudzakhala kotchipa komanso mwachangu. Komanso, ngati mukufuna zida zamakina kwambiri, monga kulimba kwamphamvu kwazinthu zomangidwa, MIM ikhoza kuperewera. Njira yopangira sintering, pomwe ikupanga kachulukidwe kokwanira, imasiyabe kachipangizo kakang'ono kosiyana ndi chitsulo chonyezimira. Tidayenera kuyankhula ndi kasitomala kuti asagwiritse ntchito MIM pa pini yovuta kwambiri yometa ubweya pachida chotsitsa. Chiwopsezo cha cholakwika chosowa cha sintering sichinali choyenera, ngakhale pakuwunika kwa 100% MPI.
The Machining Handshake: Chifukwa Chake Post-Processing Nthawi zambiri Sangakambirane
Apa ndipamene lonjezo la maukonde likukwaniritsidwa. Zigawo zambiri za MIM zimafunikira ntchito zina. Bowo lingafunike kusinthidwanso kuti likhale loyenera bwino la H7, kapena malo osindikizira angafunikire kupukuta. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuthekera kwa MIM kwa shopu ndikokwanira kokha ngati chithandizo chake chakutsika. Ndagwirapo ntchito ndi abwenzi ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.. Chiyambi chawo sichili mkati MIM; ili mkati kuponya ndalama ndi kulondola CNC makina. Ndizofunikira. Iwo amapeza kuti gawo lonyozedwa si mathero. Atha kuyang'ana gawo la MIM ndikudziwa kuti ndi damu iti yoti agwirepo makina, momwe kupsinjika kotsalirako kungakhudzire kudula, komanso ngati mawonekedwe amakwaniritsidwa bwino mu nkhungu kapena pa lathe pambuyo pake. Pamitundu ingapo ya ma valve a cobalt-chromium alloy valve omwe tidachita, kufunikira kwa flatness kunali kopitilira muyeso. Gulu la QSY lidapereka lingaliro losavuta la MIM lokhala ndi katundu wochulukirapo, lomwe pambuyo pake limakhazikika. Chotsatira chake chinali changwiro, ndipo mtengo wake unali wotsika kuposa kuyesa kupeza zololera zosatheka za sintering.
Kusankha kwazinthu kumachitanso gawo lalikulu pano. MIM imagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana—kuyambira wamba zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ku exotic zitsulo zopangidwa ndi nickel. Koma machinability post-sintering imasiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Makina osapanga dzimbiri a 316L amapangidwa mosavuta. Sintered tungsten heavy alloy? Iyi ndi nkhani yosiyana, yomwe ikufuna zida zapadera ndi magawo. Muyenera kukonzekera njira yonse yopangira zinthu, osati kungomanga.
Zolephera ndi Maphunziro Amapondekera Mwa Inu
Mumaphunzira zambiri kuchokera ku bin yotsalira kuposa buku lophunzirira. Kumayambiriro, tidatsata ntchito ya gawo lovuta la aluminiyamu MIM. Papepala, zinali zabwino: njira zoziziritsira zovuta, voliyumu yayikulu. Koma ufa wa aluminiyumu ndi pyrophoric, wosanjikiza wake wa oxide ndi wowopsa kwa sintering, ndipo kuchepa kwake kumakhala kosadziwikiratu. Ntchitoyi idawononga miyezi ndi magulu osawerengeka tisanayiphe. Wothandizira anasintha kukhala a chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera ndondomeko ya aloyi yeniyeniyo ndi geometry. Chinali chikumbutso chodzichepetsa kuti MIM ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka zitsulo za ufa, osati m'malo mwapadziko lonse lapansi pakupanga matekinoloje ena onse.
Wina mochenjera kulephera mode ndi zodzikongoletsera. Kwa ogula zamagetsi nyumba chigawo, as-sintered pamwamba anali pang'ono, lalanje peel. Zinali bwino, koma zosavomerezeka pakugwiritsa ntchito. Kupukuta kunali kodula kwambiri. Tinali kusintha ufa tinthu kukula kugawa ndi sintering m'mlengalenga tikwaniritse zosalala pamwamba molunjika kunja kwa ng'anjo, amene anawonjezera mtengo ndi mkombero nthawi. Zotengera? Mapeto a pamwamba ndi mfundo yomwe iyenera kukambidwa koyambirira, osati kungoganizira.
Zowona Zenizeni: Kuphatikiza ndi Kuwunika Moona mtima
Kupita patsogolo, mtengo wa MIM zitsulo jakisoni akamaumba sichikupezeka mu vacuum. Mphamvu yake ndikukhala chida chimodzi muzopanga zambiri. Sitolo yomwe ingapereke MIM pazovuta zazikulu, CNC makina kwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri, ndipo mwina ngakhale kuponya ndalama kwa ma prototypes akuluakulu, amapereka phindu lenileni. Imalola kusankha njira moona mtima potengera zosowa zenizeni za gawolo - geometry, zinthu, kuchuluka, ndi mtengo - osati kungotengera zida zomwe zili mnyumbamo.
Kwa mainjiniya omwe akupanga gawo latsopano, upangiri wanga wosasunthika ndi uwu: khalani ndi bwenzi lanu lopanga pamlingo wamalingaliro. Abweretsereni chojambula. Khalani patsogolo pa ma voliyumu ndi zofunikira pakuchita. Mnzanu wabwino, yemwe ali ndi maziko ozama komanso makina opangira makina monga mukuwonera Mtengo wa QSY, angakuuzeni ngati MIM ndiyokwanira kapena ngati mumatumikiridwa bwino ndi a chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera mu chitsulo chachitsulo kapena billet makina a zitsulo. Iwo ayenera kuti anaziwona zonse. Cholinga sikukugulitsa pa MIM; ndikuti ndikupezereni gawo lodalirika, lopanda mtengo. Nthawi zina, njirayo imadutsa molunjika pamakina opangira jakisoni. Nthawi zambiri sizitero. Kuzindikira kusiyana ndi zomwe zimalekanitsa owerenga bukhuli ndi anthu omwe akhala zaka zambiri akupeza fungo la chakudya chofunda ndi ng'anjo yotentha kuchokera mu zovala zawo.
