Tiye tikambirane za MIM. Metal jekeseni Kumangira. Ngati mwakhala mukupanga nthawi yayitali, mwamva mawu ake: Zili ngati jekeseni wa pulasitiki, koma chitsulo! Ndiwo mzere wamabuku wonyezimira, womwe umagulitsa makina ndikusangalatsa oyang'anira. Chowonadi, kugawika kwake kwa tsiku ndi tsiku, ndizovuta kwambiri, zochulukirapo, komanso zowona, zosangalatsa kwambiri. Simatsenga. Ndi kuvina mozama kwa ufa, polima, kutentha, ndi kupanikizika, ndipo kusiyana pakati pa chitsanzo chotheka ndi kupanga zokolola zambiri ndipamene mumapeza mikwingwirima yanu. Mashopu ambiri amalumphira poganiza kuti ndikusinthana kwachindunji kwa kuyika ndalama kapena kukonza makina a CNC, ndipo ndipamene gulu loyamba la zidutswa zodula, zoseweretsa zimachokera.
Feedstock Conundrum: Zonse Zimayamba ndi Granule
Mtima wa MIM si makina owumba; ndi chakudya. Kusakaniza kofananako kwa ufa wachitsulo wapamwamba kwambiri komanso makina ambiri omangira. Ndawonapo ntchito zikuyimilira pano. Simungathe kungotenga ufa wa 316L ndi binder wax-polymer wamba ndikuyembekeza kuchita bwino. Kugawidwa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, mawonekedwe ake, momwe mpweya wa okosijeni umayendera - zimatengera kachulukidwe komaliza komanso kukhazikika kwa mawonekedwe. Mnzake ngati Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY) amapeza izi. Ndi mbiri yawo yakuzama pakuyika ndalama ndi ma aloyi, amamvetsetsa momwe zinthu zimakhalira pakutentha. Akamapeza chakudya chamagulu azachipatala a cobalt-chrome, sikuti akungogula chinthu; iwo akuwunika kuyankhidwa kwake koyimitsa ndi kuwerengera kutengera zaka zambiri zakugwiritsa ntchito ma aloyi apadera ofanana.
Ndipo binder? Ndi scaffold kwakanthawi. Ntchito yake ndikuyenda mokongola panthawi ya jekeseni, kenako kutha popanda kusokoneza gawo losalimba la bulauni. Kusankha yolakwika kumabweretsa zilema zowopsa: matuza, kutsika, kapena kung'ambika kowopsa panthawi ya kutentha. Ndi njira yomwe mumasinthira zaka zambiri. The MIM ndondomekoyi ndiyosakhululukidwa pano - kupatuka kwa 0.5% pamapangidwe a binder kumatha kuwononga ng'anjo yonse.
Tinaphunzira izi movutikira panyumba yoyambira yazamlengalenga. Ma geometry anali ovuta, okhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala. Wopereka chakudya chathu cham'gawo loyamba adatitsimikizira kuti ma binder awo ali onse. Ziwalo zoumbidwa zimawoneka bwino. Kenako, mu gawo la catalytic debinding, iwo adatupa ngati chimanga. Ma kinetics ochotsa ma binder anali olakwika pagawo lathu. Tinayenera kubwerera, kugwira ntchito ndi katswiri kuti tikonze dongosolo. Ndiwo mtengo wobisika. Yeniyeni MIM ukatswiri nthawi zambiri amakhala muzinthu zasayansi izi, osati pakugwiritsa ntchito atolankhani.
Kuumba: Kumene Pulasitiki Imakumana ndi Chitsulo (Ndipo Mavuto Amayamba)
Chabwino, muli ndi chakudya chanu. Tsopano inu mubayamo iwo. Izi zimamveka bwino kwa pulasitiki iliyonse, koma ndi kusiyana kwakukulu. The kusungunuka mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi apamwamba, tcheru kwambiri kutentha. Mukulimbana ndi kupatukana kwa ufa-binder (maloto owopsa otchedwa slumping) ngati magawo achotsedwa. Chidacho chiyenera kuwerengera kuchuluka kwapamwamba, komanso kosafanana, kutsika pambuyo pake-nthawi zambiri 15-20%, osati 0.5% yomwe mumakonzekera mupulasitiki kapena makina.
Mapangidwe a zipata ndi ofunikira. Mufunika kupuma koyera, koma zakuthupi ndizopweteka. Ndawonapo nkhungu zachitsulo zikutha msanga MIM feedstock kuposa nayiloni yodzaza magalasi. Kutulutsa mpweya ndi chilombo china. Mpweya wotsekeka sumangoyambitsa vuto la zodzikongoletsera; imatha kupanga kachulukidwe kachulukidwe komwe kamakhala malo oyambira ming'alu pambuyo pa sintering. Ndi ma handoffs ang'onoang'ono awa pomwe zinthu zimasokonekera. Gawo lopangidwa bwino ndi gawo lobiriwira, lodzaza ndi zomangira. Ili ndi mphamvu ya tchizi yolimba. Kuchigwira kumafuna ma rack enieni ndi ma trays; kusuntha kumodzi kovutirapo ndipo mumapeza cholakwika chowoneka ngati chala chomwe chimangowonetsa post-sinter.
Apa ndi pomwe masitolo ophatikizika amakhala ndi malire. Onani kukhazikitsidwa kwa QSY (https://www.tsingtaocnc.com). Iwo sali chabe a MIM nyumba. Iwo ali ndi kuponyera ndi CNC Machining m'nyumba. N’chifukwa chiyani zimenezi zili zofunika? Chifukwa amatha kupanga nkhungu ndi kupotoza kwa sintering ndi cholinga chomaliza chofanana ndi ukonde kuyambira tsiku loyamba. Amamvetsetsa ma angles okonzekera, kusintha kwa makulidwe a khoma, ndi kupsinjika maganizo kuchokera pakupanga zitsulo, osati kungoumba pulasitiki. Gulu lawo la CNC limathanso makina oyika nkhungu kuti athe kulolerana kwambiri, ndipo pambuyo pake, kupanga makina achiwiri pagawo lopindika ngati chinthu chofunikira chikufunika. Kuphatikizika koyima kumeneko kumachepetsa kulakwa kwamasewera pakati pa owumba, sintering, ndi machining ogulitsa.
Kuyenda Kwautali, Mwapang'onopang'ono Kupyolera Mng'anjo
Sintering. Gawo lopanga kapena lopuma. Apa ndi pamene chomangiracho chimachotsedwa ndipo tinthu tachitsulo timalumikizana. Ndi kutentha kwamasiku ambiri, osati kuphika mwachangu. Kumangirira koyamba, pang'onopang'ono, kupewa kuthamanga kwapakati mkati mwa gawolo. Kenako kutentha kumakwera mpaka pafupi ndi pamene chitsulo chimasungunuka. Kulamulira mumlengalenga ndi chilichonse. Kudontha kwakung'ono komwe kumabweretsa okosijeni kumatha kuyimitsa gawo lanu lachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndikuwononga kulimba kwake. Kwa ma alloys osinthika ngati titaniyamu kapena ma superalloys ena opangidwa ndi faifi tambala, mpweya wa ng'anjo uyenera kukhala wosasunthika kapena wowongolera kwambiri.
Zigawozo zimakhala pazitsulo za ceramic, zomwe ziyenera kukhala zosalala bwino komanso zogwirizana ndi mankhwala. Ndikukumbukira gulu la ma seta a alumina omwe anali ndi kuipitsidwa pang'ono pamwamba. Pa kutentha kwambiri, adachita ndi magawo a Inconel, kuwawotcherera ku setter. Kutayika kwathunthu. Mbiri ya ng'anjo - mitengo yokwera, nthawi zonyowa - iyenera kupangidwira gawo lililonse la geometry ndi aloyi. Gawo lakuda ndi gawo lopyapyala pagawo lomwelo limatha kusuntha mosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nkhondo. Mumalimbana ndi izi ndi kukonza mwanzeru nthawi zina, kapena kupanga gawolo kuti likhale ndi makulidwe a khoma lofanana, zomwe sizingatheke nthawi zonse.
Iyi ndi nthawi yomwe QSY ya zaka 30 akuponya amapereka malipiro. Amamvetsetsa kusintha kwazitsulo, kukula kwa tirigu, ndi momwe angasamalire kutentha kuti achepetse kupsinjika kotsalira. Mfundo ndi transferable pakati ndalama kuponya ndi MIM kuimba. Amadziwa zomwe zimachitika ku cobalt-chrome pa 1300 ° C. Kudziwa kwamabungwe kumalepheretsa moto wambiri woyeserera ndi zolakwika.
Zowona Zenizeni: Pambuyo Pokonza ndi The Net-Shape Myth
Nayi chinsinsi chonyansa cha MIM: Net-shape ndi mawu otsatsa. Pazigawo zambiri zogwirira ntchito, ili pafupi ndi neti. Pambuyo pa sintering, nthawi zonse mumafunika kukonzanso pambuyo pake. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala kung'anima kounikira kuti kuzimitse. Kulolera kwapang'onopang'ono kumatha kukhala +/- 0.3% pamlingo wopindika, koma pachibowo chomwe chimayenera kukhala chokwanira cha H7? Mutha kupanga makina. EDM ingafunike pazinthu zing'onozing'ono, zenizeni zomwe zinasokoneza.
Kumapeto kwa ng'anjo yowongoka kunja kwa ng'anjo ndi mawonekedwe a matte, anjere. Kwa mapulogalamu ambiri, ndizabwino. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chigawo chamadzimadzi chomwe chimafuna njira yosalala, muyenera kupukutira kapena electropolis. Izi zimawonjezera mtengo ndi nthawi. Poyesa MIM, muyenera kupanga bajeti ya ntchito yachiwiriyi. Si kufooka kwa ndondomeko; ndi zenizeni za uinjiniya. Cholinga ndikuchepetsa, kuti mutenge 95% ya geometry kuchokera pa nkhungu, kuti nthawi yanu yopangira CNC (ndi mtengo) pa gawo lotsika mtengo la sintered ndilochepa.
Izi ndizomwe zimathandizira QSY. Gawo lina likutuluka mu ng'anjo yotentha. QC yawo amafufuza. Ngati zinthu zingapo zovuta za datum zikufunika kukhazikika, zimapita ku dipatimenti yawo ya CNC. Palibe kuchedwa kwa kutumiza, palibe dongosolo latsopano logula, palibe chiopsezo cha zolakwika zolankhulirana. Amawona gawo la sintered ngati mawonekedwe, ndipo ukatswiri wawo wamakina ochokera kumadera ena umagwiranso ntchito. Imatembenuza nthano ya mawonekedwe a ukonde kukhala njira yoyendetsedwa, yogwira ntchito yopangira masitepe awiri.
Pamene MIM Ikupanga Zomveka (Ndipo Pamene Sizimveka)
Ndiye, zitatha zonsezi, MIM imawala kuti? Sizinthu zonse. Ndizowoneka bwino pazigawo zazitsulo zokhala ndi voliyumu yayikulu, zovuta, zazing'ono mpaka zapakati. Ganizirani zida zamfuti, nsagwada za zida zopangira opaleshoni, ma gearbox a drone, zomangira zovuta. Magawo omwe angakhale ovuta ku makina olimba, kapena kumene kuyika ndalama sikungathe kusunga tsatanetsatane kapena makoma owonda. Zachuma zimagwira ntchito mukamapanga masauzande, osati mazana, chifukwa cha zida zam'tsogolo komanso mtengo wopangira chitukuko.
Imalimbana ndi zigawo zazikulu kwambiri (malire a kukula kwa ng'anjo), mawonekedwe osavuta (amangowapanga makina), kapena ndi ma alloys ena omwe ndi ovuta kwambiri kuti asasunthike kwambiri. Komanso sizingakhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri ngati zinthu zanu ndizitsulo zotsika kwambiri za carbon ndipo mumangofunika zidutswa 500 zokha; laser kudula ndi kuwotcherera kungakhale otsika mtengo.
Chinsinsi ndicho kuchita nawo msanga. Osangotumiza chojambula chomalizidwa ndi makina ndikufunsa a MIM mawu. Kapangidwe kake kamayenera kukonzedwa bwino - makoma ofananirako, ma radiyo owolowa manja, osamala pazipata ndi ma ejector pini. Wokondedwa wabwino apanga kuwunika kwa Design for MIM (DFM). Kuchokera pazomwe ndawonapo za machitidwe ngati QSY, kuwunikirako kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuthekera kwawo kopanga zitsulo. Iwo akhoza kupereka njira yosakanizidwa: MIM pachimake chovuta kwambiri cha gawo, kenaka makina opangira makwerero kuchokera pa bala lopangidwa ndikuwotchera kapena kuwotcherera. Kumeneko ndiko kuganiza mogwira mtima.
MIM sikusintha kosintha chilichonse. Ndi chida china champhamvu mu bokosi la zida zopangira. Phindu lake silimatsegulidwa osati pochiwona ngati chozizwitsa chodziimira, koma pochiphatikiza ndi kumvetsetsa kwakukulu kwazitsulo, momwe amachitira, ndi momwe angapangire. Masitolo omwe amapeza bwino ndi omwe, monga QSY, omwe amalemekeza ulendo wonse kuchokera ku ufa kupita ku gawo lomaliza, ndi omwe ali ndi zipsera-ndi zopambana-poyenda njira imeneyo kwenikweni.
