Mafuta a nickel amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha luso lawo lamakina, kukana dzimbiri, komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwambiri. Ma aloyiwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi faifi tambala wophatikizidwa ndi zinthu zina monga chromium, chitsulo, molybdenum, mkuwa, kapena titaniyamu.
Nazi zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi nickel alloys:
1. Makampani apamlengalenga
(1).Ma turbine a gasi ndi mainjini: Ma superalloy opangidwa ndi nickel, monga Inconel ndi Hastelloy, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma jet engines, turbine blade, ndi zida zina zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimayenera kupirira kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika.
(2).Mainjini a roketi: Ma aloyi a Nickel, makamaka omwe ali ndi kukana kutentha kwambiri, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mainjini a rocket ndi zida zina zakuthambo komwe mphamvu ndi kukana kutentha ndizofunikira.
2.Chemical ndi Petrochemical Industries
(1).Kukana dzimbiri: Ma aloyi a nickel amalimbana ndi malo ankhanza, monga omwe amaphatikizapo ma acid, chlorine, ndi madzi a m'nyanja. Ma aloyi monga Hastelloy ndi Monel amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zida zopangira mankhwala, zosinthira kutentha, ma reactor, ndi mapaipi.
(2).Zothandizira ndi ziwiya zochitira: Muzomera zamankhwala, ma alloys opangidwa ndi nickel amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zomwe zimalumikizana mwachindunji ndi mankhwala okhazikika chifukwa chokana dzimbiri komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha.
3.Marine Applications
(1).Zinthu zosagwira madzi a m'nyanja: Ma aloyi a nickel, monga Monel (omwe ndi aloyi yamkuwa-nickel), sagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi dzimbiri ndi madzi a m'nyanja ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zombo, zida zam'madzi, ndi zida zamafuta zakunyanja.
(2).Njira zoyendetsera nyanja: Zinthu monga ma propellers ndi shafts amapangidwa kuchokera ku nickel alloys kuti athe kupirira madera ovuta a panyanja.
4.Mapulogalamu amagetsi ndi magetsi
(1).Mabatire: Nickel imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabatire omwe amatha kuchangidwanso, makamaka mu mabatire a nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) ndi nickel-metal hydride (NiMH), omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagetsi osiyanasiyana ogula ndi magalimoto amagetsi.
(2).Zolumikizira ndi masiwichi: Ma aloyi a Nickel amagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizira magetsi, masiwichi, ndi zinthu zina chifukwa cha kuwongolera kwawo kwamagetsi komanso kukana dzimbiri.
5.Nyukiliya Makampani
Kuyika kwamafuta ndi ma reactors: Mafuta a nickel amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani a nyukiliya kuti aphimbe mafuta ndi zida za nyukiliya chifukwa chokana kuwonongeka kwa ma radiation komanso kutentha kwambiri.
6.Food Processing ndi Medical Equipment
(1).Makina opangira chakudya: Mafuta a nickel nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zopangira chakudya chifukwa chokana dzimbiri komanso amatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri.
(2).Zida zamankhwala ndi ma implants: Ma aloyi ena a nickel (monga omwe ali ndi titaniyamu) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamankhwala, ma implants (mwachitsanzo, ma implants a mano ndi olowa), ndi zida zopangira opaleshoni chifukwa cha biocompatibility ndi mphamvu zawo.
7. Makampani Agalimoto
(1).Njira zotulutsa mpweya: Ma alloys opangidwa ndi nickel amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina otulutsa magalimoto apamwamba kwambiri, kuphatikiza omwe ali m'magalimoto othamanga, chifukwa cha kukana kwawo kutentha komanso kulimba.
(2).Turbocharger: Ma turbocharger ambiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku ma alloys opangidwa ndi faifi tambala chifukwa amatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika.
8.Kuthandizira Kutentha ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ng'anjo
(1).Zinthu zotenthetsera: Ma aloyi a Nickel-chromium amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri potenthetsera ng'anjo zamagetsi, masitovu, ndi zotenthetsera za mafakitale chifukwa chokana kutulutsa okosijeni pamatenthedwe okwera.
(2).Zigawo za ng'anjo: Mafuta a Nickel amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zigawo za ng'anjo monga machubu oyaka ndi zipinda zoyaka zomwe ziyenera kugwira ntchito kumalo otentha kwambiri.
9.Zida Zotentha Kwambiri
Zoyatsira kutentha kwambiri ndi zida: Ma aloyi a Nickel monga Inconel amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale omwe amafunikira kukana makutidwe ndi okosijeni, mphamvu yayikulu, komanso kukana kukwawa pamatenthedwe okwera. Izi zikuphatikiza kupanga magetsi, kukonza zinthu, ndi magawo ena amakampani omwe amatentha kwambiri.
10.Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zida ndi Zovala Zosamva
Zida zodulira ndi kufa: Mafuta a nickel amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida ndipo amafa, makamaka m'malo omwe kukana kuvala ndi kusinthika kumafunikira.
11.Magwiritsidwe Ena
(1).Maginito: Ma aloyi ena a nickel amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maginito osatha (mwachitsanzo, mu mawonekedwe a alnico alloys), omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumagetsi amagetsi ndi ntchito zina.
(2). Superalloys pazinthu zofunika kwambiri: Ma superalloys opangidwa ndi nickel amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga masamba a turbine, mbali za ndege, ndi zida zamafuta opangira magetsi.
Ubwino waukulu wa Nickel Alloys:
1. Kulimbana ndi corrosion: Makamaka m'malo ovuta monga madzi amchere kapena acidic solution.
2.Kutentha kwakukulu: Mafuta ambiri a nickel amasunga mphamvu zawo ndi kukhulupirika kwawo pa kutentha kwakukulu.
3.Kukana kwa okosijeni: Makamaka m'malo otentha kwambiri komanso okhazikika.
4. Ductility ndi kulimba: Amapereka mawonekedwe abwino, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
Mwachidule, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nickel alloys kumakhudza magawo ambiri ovuta, kuphatikiza zakuthambo, kukonza mankhwala, kupanga mphamvu, ndi mafakitale apanyanja, makamaka chifukwa cha luso lawo lamakina komanso kukana zinthu zovuta.
