Reka duce impuha. Iyo benshi bumvise 'prototype ishoramari casting', bashushanya igice kitagira inenge, hafi-net-shusho igice kigaragara muburyo butangaje bugaragara mubikonoshwa. Ukuri ni akajagari, gutondeka cyane, kandi gushingiye cyane ku bufatanye bwo hejuru kuruta abasiganwa benshi ba CAD bibwira. Ntabwo ari uburyo bwiza bwo gucapa 3D; ni ikiraro hagati yubushake nigikorwa gishoboka, kandi icyo kiraro akenshi gifite imisoro mike itunguranye.
Prototype Misnomer na Agaciro-kare-Agaciro
Kubita a prototype ishoramari bimaze gushiraho ibyateganijwe. Ijambo prototype ryerekana rimwe-rimwe, umuvuduko, birashoboka ndetse no hasi ubudahemuka. Ariko inzira ubwayo - gukora ibishashara cyangwa 3D byacapwe, kubaka igikonoshwa ceramic, dewaxing, kurasa, gusuka, kurangiza - muburyo bwo gukora muri miniature. Agaciro nyako ntabwo mugukora igice kimwe byihuse (SLA irashobora kugitsinda hariya), ahubwo mugukora igice cyitwara nkigice cyumusaruro. Ibiranga ubushyuhe, imiterere yintete, imiterere yubukanishi - urimo kwemeza uburyo bwo gukora ubwabwo, ntabwo ari geometrie gusa. Nabonye imishinga myinshi aho printer nziza ya resin prototype yatsindiye neza-kugenzura, gusa kubwa mbere gushora imari kwiruka kunanirwa kubibazo bikomeye plastike ntishobora kwerekana.
Aha niho imyaka 30 yibanda kumaduka nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) igaragara. Ntabwo ari ukugira printer nziza ya 3D ya printer. Byerekeranye nababashushanyo babo hamwe naba injeniyeri bashinga bazi, mubushake, uburyo urukuta rwa 3mm muri 316 rutagira umwanda ruzitwara nurukuta rumwe mumashanyarazi ashingiye kuri nikel mugihe cyo gutwika no gusuka. Urwo rubanza, rutetse mugice cya prototype, ruzigama amezi. Urubuga rwabo, tsingtaocnc.com. ni ukumenya guhinduranya resept ya shell no gusuka ubushyuhe kugirango wirinde micro-crack igaragara gusa mugukora.
Ikosa rikomeye? Gufata prototype nkicyemezo cya nyuma. Nibikorwa byemewe. Turayikoresha kugirango dusuzume ibyingenzi, amafaranga yo kugabanuka, gukora neza. Rimwe na rimwe, imikorere ya prototype igenda neza ni imwe igaragaza inenge yica muburyo bwo kwinjirira amarembo - kunanirwa kubuza umusaruro mubi. Ndibuka prototype ya turbine aho impande zagendaga zikomeza kwerekana ububobere. Igisubizo nticyari uguhindura CAD; kwari ukugirango uhindure ibishishwa byijimye muri kote yambere ya ceramic hamwe nu rwego rwumucanga stucco. Ayo ni makuru ubona gusa ukora.
Ibishashara n'ibicapo byacapwe: Igikorwa gifatika-cy'intambara
Impaka hagati yibishashara byakozwe na 3D byacapwe (akenshi SLA cyangwa ibintu bifatika) nibisanzwe. Ibishashara ni gakondo, akenshi bihendutse kuri geometrike yoroshye, kandi yitwara neza nkibishashara byakozwe, bityo ukabona zeru zitunguranye mugihe cya dewaxing. Ariko kumiyoboro yimbere igoye cyangwa munsi? Gucapa biratsinda. Nyamara, dore rubavu: icapiro ryimyandikire ifite uburyo butandukanye bwo kwagura ubushyuhe no gutwika biranga. Niba igikonoshwa kitarakozwe kugirango gikemure ubwihindurize bukabije bwa gaze mugihe cyo gutwikwa, urabona igikonoshwa-cyangwa nabi, kwinjiza ibyuma.
Ubuhanga bubiri bwa QSY muri Igikonoshwa na gushora imari ni akarusho kicecekeye hano. Igikonoshwa kibumba gikoresha umusenyi uhujwe na resin, inyamaswa itandukanye, ariko siyanse yibikoresho ya binders na retractories irarengana. Ubunararibonye bwabo burababwira mugihe icyitegererezo cyacapwe gikeneye gahunda yo guhindura igishushanyo mbonera-wenda ikote ryambere ryambere cyangwa birebire, bitinda cyane. Ibi ntabwo biri mu gitabo; biri murwibutso rusange rwabatekinisiye. Mboherereje ibintu byinshi bigoye byacapishijwe muri Photopolymer isanzwe, kandi ikibazo cyabo cya mbere cyari kijyanye nibirimo ivu. Icyo nikibazo cyukuri.
Twigeze kugerageza kugabanya igihe cyo kuyobora dukoresheje imiterere-y-icapiro yo hejuru yerekana icyuma cyangiza. Icyitegererezo cyari gitunganye. Igice c'abakinnyi cari gifise ubuso. Nyirabayazana? Ivu risigaye riva mubishushanyo byanditse byanduza hejuru yicyuma. Gukosora byari gusubira mu gishashara cyakozwe kuri prototype. Yongeyeho iminsi ibiri yo kuyobora igihe ariko ikiza ibyumweru bibiri byo gukora no gukora iperereza. Isomo: inzira yihuta yinzira ntabwo inzira yihuta kuri prototype nziza.
Aho CNC Imashini Ihuza Prototype
Ibi birakomeye kandi akenshi birengagizwa. A. prototype ishoramari ni gake, niba burigihe, igice cyarangiye neza uhereye kuri shakeout. Irakeneye gutunganya-gucukura, umwobo wafashwe, hejuru ya datum yuzuye. Aha niho guhuza vertical ahantu nka QSY bihindura umukino. Kugira CNC itunganya munsi yinzu imwe nububiko ntabwo byoroshye; ni ibitekerezo bisubirwamo.
Umukanishi aba umugenzuzi wanyuma wibikorwa bya casting. Niba bahora bamena ibikoresho ahantu hakomeye mugace runaka ka buri prototype, byerekana ikibazo gishobora gukonja cyangwa gutandukana mugukomera. Niba imashini zoroheje zometse ku rukuta, uruganda rushobora guhindura ubushyuhe bwo gusuka cyangwa kwinjirira mu nyubako imwe. Nakoranye n'amaduka aho gukina no gutunganya ibintu bitandukanye, kandi umukino wamakosa utangira iyo prototype yananiwe gutunganya ni umwicanyi. Iyo ari itsinda rimwe, ikiganiro ni, Umufuka kuri sitasiyo D werekanye micro-shrinkage. Reka twongere riser cyangwa ubukonje.
Akazi kabo ibyuma na idasanzwe bituma ibi birushaho kuba ngombwa. Gukora cobalt ishingiye ku mavuta ni umwihariko ubwayo. Niba prototype ya casting ifite ibibazo bisigaye biturutse ku gukonjesha kutaringaniye, birashobora gukomera cyane ku ruganda rwa mbere rwa CNC. Abakanishi babo bazi gufata pasiporo zoroheje ku ngingo ya mbere, kugirango bumve imyitwarire yibikoresho - ubumenyi bwitondewe bumenyesha urufatiro kubutaha.
Guhitamo Amavuta: Ntabwo ari Ibitonyanga-Hasi
Gutoranya ibikoresho bya prototype ntabwo aribyo byanyuma. Nibyo, urashobora gukenera 17-4PH idafite ingese kugirango irwanye ruswa. Ariko kuri prototype, rimwe na rimwe ni byiza gukoresha gukoresha imbabazi nyinshi, byoroshye-gusuka amavuta nka 304 idafite umwanda kugirango ugaragaze geometrie na gating, hanyuma uhindukire kuri 17-4PH kugirango ukore prototype. Ubunararibonye bwumushinga bubitegeka.
Ubuhanga bwa QSY bwanditse muri nikel na cobalt bushingiye ku mavuta ni urugero rwiza. Ibi nibikoresho byubugome byo guta. Bafite ingingo zo gushonga cyane, zirakora, kandi zifite urwego rukomeye rwo gukomera. Prototyping muribi ni umukino-muremure. Ntabwo usimbuka gusa kuri superalloy igoye. Akenshi, inzira irategurwa: birashoboka ko icyitegererezo cya mbere muri aluminium kugirango ugenzure neza kandi wuzuze, hanyuma kimwe mubyuma byo murwego rwo hasi kugirango ugenzure kugabanuka, hanyuma amaherezo Inconel. Buri ntambwe de-risque ibintu bihenze gusuka. Nabonye imishinga igerageza gusimbuka intambwe zo kuzigama ikiguzi, gusa gutakaza amadorari 10,000 $ ya Hastelloy kumasoko atabigenewe. Urwo rubingo rukwigisha kwihangana.
Guhitamo bigira ingaruka no kubikoresho - ndetse no kuri prototypes. Niba intego yo kubyaza umusaruro umuryango wibyuma, prototyping muri aluminium kuko ihendutse irashobora kuyobya. Kugabanuka biratandukanye, kuburyo ibipimo byerekana bigomba guhinduka. Ninzira yemewe, ariko ugomba kumenya ko wemeza gusa imiterere nibikorwa byibanze, ntabwo byakozwe. Uru nirwo rubanza rwibanze rwita injeniyeri inararibonye akora hakiri kare.
Itumanaho: Ubwoko butanditse
Inzira ihanitse cyane inanirwa no gutumanaho nabi. Kohereza dosiye YINTAMBWE hamwe nibikoresho bifatika kubishingwe a prototype ishoramari ni ubutumire bwo gutinda. Ni ubuhe bworoherane bukomeye? Ni ubuhe buso busa, bugomba gutunganywa? Haba hari microstructure isabwa? Ni ikihe gice cyibanze cyumutwaro? Iyi miterere ihindura iduka kuva gutumiza gutumiza-gufata umufatanyabikorwa.
Hamwe nabafatanyabikorwa benshi bashoboye nkuwo wasobanuwe kuri tsingtaocnc.com, ugomba guhuza amashami yabo yose hakiri kare. Isubiramo ryihuse guhamagara hamwe na injeniyeri yabo ya casting hamwe numukanishi mukuru barashobora kwerekana ibendera uwashushanyije ashobora kubura amezi. Ndibuka kohereza igishushanyo cyumubiri wa valve ufite imbavu nziza, yoroheje. Ibitekerezo byabo byari byoroshye: Urwo rubavu ruzabanza gukonja kandi rutere amarira ashyushye kumasangano. Turashobora kubikora byoroshye cyangwa kongeramo fillets? Twongeyeho ibyuzuye. Porotipire yari yumvikana. Nibyo ROI ihishe uburambe.
Igitekerezo cya nyuma ni iki: prototype ishoramari ni Ikiganiro. Nibiganiro bifatika, ibyuma hagati yubushakashatsi bwawe namategeko ya fiziki na metallurgie. Intego ntabwo ari ingingo yambere nziza. Intego ni ingingo ikwigisha neza ibyo ukeneye guhindura kugirango ingingo ya cumi, ijana, nigihumbi itunganye. Niho ibitekerezo byanduza amaboko. Kandi kubona iduka rivuga urwo rurimi - mumyaka mirongo yubaka ibishishwa, gusuka, no gukora chip-ni inzira nyayo.
