Iwe unoona ASTM A747 ichiuya padhirowa kana pepa rakadhindwa, uye vanhu vazhinji vanobva vangoriisa pamwe nemamwe magiredhi ekunaya-kuomesa tsvina. Ndiko kukanganisa kwekutanga. Haisi kungoti '17-4PH imwe nzira' kana generic 'stainless casting' callout. Iyo nuance iri mu'CB' uye 'CX' mazita-CB7Cu-1 uye CB7Cu-2. Iyo 'Cu' ndiyo inopa. Kuwedzerwa kwemhangura ikoko ndiko kunoita kuti iite zvakasiyana panguva yekupisa kupisa, uye kutaura chokwadi, ndipo panowanikwa nzvimbo dzakawanda uye zvitoro zvemichina zvinogumburwa kana zvisina kudhindwa mukati. Icho chinhu chinoda kuremekedzwa kwemaitiro ayo, kwete chete maitiro ayo ekupedzisira.
Iyo Foundry Floor Reality ine A747
Kukanda CB7Cu mamakisi hakuna kufanana nekudira 304 kana kunyange 17-4. Iyo fluidity yakasiyana, iyo shrinkage maitiro anonyanya kutaurwa. Iwe unofanirwa kuve wakangwarira pakubata kwako nekusimuka. Pakutanga, takanga tine batch yekudyara mavharuvhu miviri-yakaomarara, yakatetepa-chikamu zvinhu-yairamba ichiratidza micro-porosity munzvimbo dzakakosha paX-ray. Takanga tichishandisa nzira yekudyisa yaishandira 316. Zvakakona n'anga apa. Nyaya yakanga isiri yerucheno; kwaiva kusimba kwekudzora. Taifanira kugadzirisazve hurongwa hwese hwekudyisa, tichiwedzera zvimwe, asi zvidiki, zvikwiriso munzvimbo dzakatarwa kukurudzira kusimba kwehukasha. Izvo zvakazvigadzirisa, asi zvakawedzera mutengo uye kuoma. Ndiko kutengeserana ne ASTM A747.
Imwe chokwadi ndeyekupisa kurapwa kupindirana. Iwe haugone kupatsanura maitiro ekukanda kubva kune inotevera mhinduro annealing uye kuchembera. Iyo as-cast mamiriro ndiwo mhinduro inogadziriswa kana ukaitonhodza nekukasira kubva muforoma, asi iwe uchiri kuda iyo yakagadziriswa mhinduro anneal yekunyungudutsa zvese mukati. Hunyengeri kuziva kuti yako as-cast mamiriro chaiwo chii. Kana mitengo yako yekutonhodza mugoko kana mold isingaenderane, unogona kunge uine mvura yatove kuumba zvisina kuenzana. Zvadaro, yako inotevera mhinduro anneal inogona kusanyatsoita homogenize chimiro. Isu takadzidza kuteedzera mareti ekutonhora pane prototype castings ine thermocouples. Zvaiita sekunge zvakanyanyisa panguva iyoyo, asi zvakatipa iyo data yekumisikidza nguva dzedu dzekuzunungusa uye maitiro ekutonhodza, izvo zvakaita kuti kupisa kwekupedzisira kurapwa kuve kufanofanotaurwa.
Uye machina? Ibheya iri mugadziriso-annealed mamiriro - gummy, tambo, uye inoshanda-inoomesa sekupenga. Iwe zvechokwadi unoda kuigadzira mune yekupedzisira yezera mamiriro. Asi iwe unofanirwa kuzvidavirira nezve dimensional shanduko kubva mukuchembera. Haisi hombe, asi pazvikamu zvine kushivirira kwakasimba mundege dzakawanda, zvinokwana kubvisa chikamu. Isu tinovaka mu pre-kuchembera rough machining nhanho, siya inenge 0.5mm padivi, tobva takura, topedza muchina. Kuedza kurova ± 0.025mm kushivirira nekugadzira pre-zera uye uchitarisira kuti haifambe ibasa rebenzi. Ndave benzi riya. Mapepa e data anokupa coefficient, asi kufamba chaiko kunoenderana nechikamu geometry-makobvu zvikamu vs. Irwo ruzivo rwechiitiko.
CX vs. CB: The Corrosion Trade-Off
Iyo spec inovhara zvese CB7Cu-1 uye CB7Cu-2. Uchenjeri hwakajairika ndehwekuti CX (CB7Cu-2) ine zvirinani corrosion kuramba nekuda kwepamusoro chromium. Ichokwadi, zvakazara. Asi zviri nani ihama. Kana iwe uchida zvechokwadi yakatanhamara corrosion resistance, pamwe haufanirwe kunge wakatarisa kunaya kwemvura-kuomesa tsvina kwekutanga. Kukosha kwe ASTM A747 iko kusanganiswa kwayo kwemaitiro ekudzivirira kusimba nesimba rakawanda kubva kune yakareruka, yakaderera-kukanganisa kupisa kurapwa.
Isu takapa nhevedzano yeCB7Cu-1 (iyo yakajairika, yakaderera-corrosion vhezheni) pombi mapombi ekushandisa kwemvura ine brackish. Mutengi pakutanga akasimbirira paCX giredhi, achitora matafura ekuora. Mushure mekuongorora iyo chaiyo sevhisi nharaunda-kuyerera kwepakati, kupombonoka kumira, machlorides akapoteredza 1000 ppm-takakakavadzana nezveCB. Kufunga kwaiva simba. Iwo ma impellers aive pasi peyakanyanya centrifugal kushushikana uye cavitation erosion. Izvo zvishoma zvirinani kuonda kweCX kwaisava chinhu chinomisa; iyo mechanical simba uye kuramba kuneta kubva kune cavitation bubbles vaiva. CB7Cu-1, yakachembera kusvika kuH900 mamiriro, yakapa goho repamusoro simba. Takamhanyisa makuponi ekuodza munzvimbo yakafananidzwa kwemazuva makumi matatu. Zvikamu zveCB zvakaratidza zvishoma, yunifomu yepamusoro etching, isina gomba. Zvakapfuura. Mutengi akachengeta pamutengo wezvinhu, uye isu takadzivirira kutadza kuneta kungangoita. Izvo ndezvekufananidza chivakwa kune chaiyo yekutadza modhi, kwete kungotora nhamba yepamusoro pane data sheet.
Apa ndipo pane mudiwa ane ruzivo rwakadzama rwezvinhu. Chitoro chinongocheka simbi chinogona kuona magiredhi maviri seanochinjika kunze kwemakemikari. Havasi. Mhinduro yekupisa yekupisa inosiyana zvishoma, iyo machinability inoshanduka, uye yekupedzisira envelopu yekuita inosiyana. At Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), nemakumi matatu emakore ekukanda uye kugadzira alloys akakosha, iyi ndiyo mhando yekudanwa kwekutonga kunoitika zuva nezuva. Hazvisi zvekuva neiyo spec sheet; ndezvekuva neiyo nhoroondo data kubva kuzvikamu zvakafanana kuzivisa sarudzo pakati peCB neCX.
Kukundikana Ongororo: Kana Yakanaka Castings Yakashata
Zvidzidzo zvinonyanya kudzidzisa zvinobva mukukundikana. Isu takanga tine batch yemabhuraketi ezvimiro, akakandwa muCB7Cu-1, iyo yakapfuura ese NDT uye yekuyedzwa kwemichina asi yakatadza kushanda mushure memwedzi ingangoita mitanhatu nekutsemuka. Classic kuneta kupaza kutanga uye kuparadzira. Mupari wemhosva? Kupera kwechiso mu radius. Iyo dhizaini inodaidzira 3mm fillet, asi iyo se-yakakandwa pamusoro mune iyo fillet yaive yakaoma-pamwe Ra 12.5 microns kana kupfuura. Mune yakakwirira-yakasimba, yakakwirira-yakaoma zvinhu sechembere ASTM A747, kusakwana kwepamusoro ndiko kunokonzera kushungurudzika kwakanyanya. Chikamu chacho chakasangana nekudhindwa kwechidimbu, asi chinodikanwa chekushanda kwenzira yakatsetseka yekushushikana-kuyerera haina kuzadzikiswa.
Takabva tachinja maitiro edu. Ikozvino, kune chero chikamu cheA747 chiri pasi pekurodha cyclic, isu tinotsanangudza yakagadziriswa pamusoro pekupedzisira (Ra 3.2 kana zvirinani) pane ese akakosha radii uye shanduko, kunyangwe iyo yakadhindwa isingaitaurire pachena. Tichazvitora sechinhu chinodiwa chechipiri. Dzimwe nguva mainjiniya anosundira kumashure pamutengo, uye isu tinovaratidza iwo macro mafoto ekwakabva kuputsika. Izvozvo zvinowanzogumisa kukurukurirana. Kusimba kwepamusoro kwezvinhu kunoshanda kukurwisa kana iwe ukasiya kushushikana kusimuka.
Imwe nzira yekutadza ndeye hydrogen embrittlement. Izvi hazvisi zvega kune A747, asi nekuti inowanzo shandiswa mune yakakwirira-simba maapplication, njodzi inokwidziridzwa. Takasangana neizvi pane chimwe chikamu chaida plating yekuramba kupfeka. Iyo plating process yakaunza hydrogen, uye yakazotevera yakaderera-tembiricha yekubika yekuyamura hydrogen yakanga isina kukwana kune chaiyo kuoma (HRC 45) yataive nayo. Zvikamu zvakapfuura QC asi zvakakundikana pasi pemutoro mugungano. Iyo gadziriso yaive yakareba, inopisa kubheka kutenderera, yakasimbiswa nekuyedzerwa kwemutoro pazvikamu zvemuenzaniso. Yakawedzera nhanho, asi yaisagona kutaurirana. Iyo fungidziro inogona kusatsanangura izvi kune yega yega inogoneka post-kugadzirisa nhanho, saka iwe unofanirwa kuziva kupindirana.
Machining uye Kupedzisa Nuances
Ngatitaurei nezve kubva kune yakasvibira kukanda kune yakapedzwa chikamu. Sezvandambotaura, machining post-kuchembera ndiyo chete nzira ine hungwaru. Shandisa ceramic kana CBN kuisa pakupedzisa; carbide inoshanda asi inopfeka nekukurumidza nekuda kweabrasiveness yeyakaomeswa chimiro. Kutonhodza kwakakosha-mafashamo. Iwe unofanirwa kutakura kupisa kure, kwete kungozora mafuta. Tave nebudiriro ne-high-pressure coolant systems yekuchera yakadzika-gomba mumagiredhi aya, kudzivirira chip welding uye kushanda kuomesa mubore.
Kukuya uye EDM zvakajairika yechipiri ops. Kukuya kunoda mavhiri akapfava uye nzira dzakareruka kudzivirira kutsva. Kupisa pachikamu cheA747 kunogona kugadzira nzvimbo yakanyanyisa kushatirwa iyo inzvimbo isina simba. Kune EDM, iyo recast layer ndeye kunetseka. Yakaoma, brittle, uye kazhinji micro-yakatsemuka. Inofanira kubviswa, kazhinji nekuyerera kwechiedza kana kupukuta maoko, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakanyanya kuneta. Iwe haugoni kungoita EDM uye kudana kuti zvakaitwa. Ndakaona zvikamu apo EDM recast layer haina kubviswa, uye yakashanda senzvimbo yekutanga yekushungurudzika kwekuora kwekuputika munzvimbo yekloridi. Chikamu chacho chaitaridzika chakanaka asi chakanga chakakanganiswa.
Uku kugona kwakasanganiswa-kubva kugoko kana kuisa mari kuburikidza neCNC machining uye neruzivo rwemashure-kugadzirisa-ndicho chinoparadzanisa mupi wezvikamu kubva kune anopa mhinduro. Kambani yakadai QSY, iyo inobata zvinhu zvose kubva pakunyunguduka kudira kusvika kune yekupedzisira deburring pasi pedenga rimwe chete, ine ruzivo rwakakura nezvinhu zvakadai. Ivo vanogona kudzora machinjiro uye kutsvaga matanho ekuita, kunzwisisa kuti shanduko muyero yekutonhora yekukanda inogona kukanganisa sei machinability maviri mashandiro pasi pemutsara. Iwe unorasikirwa neshinda iyo paunotumira dhizaini kune vatengesi vatatu vakasiyana.
Chikonzero Nei Ichitsungirira muMapepa Akatsanangurwa
Saka nekuoma kwese uku, nei zvakadaro ASTM A747 kuramba? Nekuti kana iwe uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchingedzora, uye inogona kugadzirwa mune yakaoma geometries. Unogona kuenda kune simbi yemaraging, asi ipapo corrosion resistance inodonha. Iwe unogona kushandisa duplex isina tsvina, asi iwe hauzowana iyo simba nhanho. Iwe unogona kugadzira kubva kubhawa stock, asi iwe unorasikirwa nerusununguko rwekugadzira uye unowanzo kuunza mari yakawanda kubva mukugadzira tsvina.
Iyo niche, asi yakakosha. Funga aerospace actuators, yakakwirira-inoshanda mavharuvhu zvikamu, zvikamu zvepombi muchikamu chesimba, uye hunyanzvi hwekushandisa. Haisi yakawanda commodity material. Kukosha kwaro kuri mumaitiro ayo akagadzirwa. Chinokosha kune chero munhu anoshanda nacho kurega kufunga nezvayo sesimbi isina tsvina. Funga nezvayo sehurongwa: chemistry chaiyo, yakanyatsodzorwa kukanda maitiro, isingagone kutaurirana kupisa kupisa protocol, uye machining & yekupedzisa zano rakagadzirirwa yakakwirira-simba alloys. Kupotsa imwe link, uye cheni inokundikana.
Mukupedzisira, kubudirira neA747 kunouya pasi pakuremekedza maitiro. Hachisi chinhu chaunogona wing. Iwe unoda data, iwe unoda nhoroondo yekurevera, uye iwe unoda vadyidzani vanga vachipfuura nekudzokorora - iwo akanaka akakanda uye akashata - kuti vazive kune akavanzika misungo. Ndiwo mutengo chaiwo wezvinhu: kwete mutengo we-kilogiramu yealloy, asi kudyara muruzivo rwekuita kuti iite sekushambadzwa.
