Vanhu vazhinji pavanonzwa 'zvikamu zvesimbi zvekukanda', vanofungidzira chimwe chinhu chakagonya, chinorema, uye kutaura chokwadi, chekare. Ndiyo yekutanga kusanzwisisa. Chokwadi ndechekuti, mune chaiyo maindasitiri maapplication, hapana chinonyatso enderana nekudedera kudonhedza uye kupfeka kuramba kweyakagadzirwa zvakanaka. giya resimbi. Hunyengeri hausi pakusarudza simbi yakakandwa, asi mukuziva chaizvo nguva uye sei yekuishandisa. Ndakaona mapurojekiti akawandisa asingaite simbi kana ductile simbi nekuda kwekuti mainjiniya anga asina kujairana nemanuances egrey kana ductile iron mamakisi egiya. Haisi mhinduro yechinhu chimwe chete, uye kuita kuti zvisizvo zvinoreva kukundikana nguva isati yakwana, ruzha, uye nguva inodhura.
Kusarudzwa Kwezvinhu Hakusi Kungove Nesimba
Ngatitaure magiredhi. Grey iron, seKirasi 30 kana 35, ine iyo yakanakisa yekunyorovesa simba yandakataura. Zvakanakisa kudzikisa giya kuhwihwina muhombe, inononoka-inomhanya muchina-funga midziyo yemugodhi kana inorema conveyors. Asi haugone kungotora dhirowa resimbi giya woridira mugrey iron. Kusimba kwesimba uye kukanganisa kupikisa zvakaderera. Ndinoyeuka purojekiti yegiya rechikamu chechigayo chepepa. Iyo yekutanga dhizaini mune yakaderera-giredhi grey iron yakaramba ichigadzira madiki-akatsemuka pamudzi wezino mushure memwedzi mishoma yecyclic kurodha. Stress yacho ndiyo yaive mhondi.
Ndipo panopinda ductile iron (nodular iron). Magiredhi akaita se65-45-12 kana 80-55-06 anopa musanganiswa urinani wesimba nekunyorova. Inoita sesimbi asi inochengeta imwe yemhando yakanaka yesimbi yakaumbwa. Isu takachinja giya riya rechigayo kuita ductile iron ine ferritic-pearlitic matrix, uye dambudziko rakanyangarika. Kiyi yaive kugadzirisa fillet radius pane zino profiles panguva yekugadzira chikamu kuti ikwane zvirinani zvinhu zvezvinhu. Iyi haisi CAD tsoko basa; zvinoda kuziva kuti zvinhu zvacho zvinofamba sei muforoma uye papi shrinkage inogona kugadzira nzvimbo dzisina simba.
Zvadaro pane alloying element game. Kuwedzera zvishoma chromium kana molybdenum kunogona kuwedzera kupfeka kusagadzikana uye kuoma, asi zvakare kunokanganisa machinability. Iwe haugone kungotsanangura wedzera chrome usingatarise iyo yese process ketani. Imwe shamwari yekugadzira, Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), yakambosimbisa izvi pane batch yemagiya epombi. Vakabata kuti yedu yakatsanangurwa alloy yemukati ingadai yakaita yekupedzisira CNC hobbing uye kuumba hope dzinotyisa, kupisa nemidziyo. Zano ravo rekugadzirisa chiyero chealloy uye kugadzirisa iyo post-casting kupisa kurapwa yakachengetedza purojekiti iyoyo. Ndiko kukosha kwemutengesi ane yakadzika foundry uye machining ruzivo pasi pedenga rimwe.
Kukandira Nzira Inokosha Kupfuura Zvaunofunga
Kukandira jecha ndiko kuenda-kwevakawanda, asi kumazino egiya anoda kupedzwa kwepamusoro uye kusimba kwedimensional kunze kweforoma, kuumba goko (shell mold casting) kazhinji inzvimbo yakangwara yekutanga. Ijecha rakasungirirwa resin rinopa nzvimbo yakatsetseka, izvo zvinoreva kuti mari shoma yekubvumidzwa kwegiya rekupedzisira mazino machining. Kushomeka machining kunoreva kuti iwe unochengetedza ganda rakakandwa, iro rinowanzo kuoma uye rakanyanya kusakara-rinodzivirira layer.
Ndakaita chikanganiso pakutanga, ndichitora kukanda sechinhu chisina chinhu. Takagadzira zino rose kubva pajecha-cast blank yegiya hombe risina basa. Zvakaguma nei? Yakapfeka zvisina kuenzana. Nzvimbo yakagadziridzwa zvakare yakanga isina porosity yakafanana kana graphite chimiro seyakakandwa pamusoro. Chidzidzo chakadzidzwa: maitiro ekukanda ndiyo nhanho yekutanga yekugadzira zino regiya, kwete kungogadzira chimiro. Apa ndipo panowanikwa nzira yekambani, senge QSY nyanzvi mune ese ari maviri shell mold casting uye CNC machining, inoratidza kukosha kwayo. Ivo vanoronga machining datums uye mvumo mu tandem ne mold dhizaini.
Kune magiya akaomesesa kana madiki chaiwo, kukanda mari inogona kuve sarudzo, asi nesimbi yakakandwa, haina kunyanya kuwanda nekuda kwekunyunguduka kwekushisa uye fluidity. Izvo zvakajairika kune avo akasarudzika alloy magiya. Iyo poindi ndeyekuti, sarudzo pakati pejecha, goko, uye kunyange centrifugal kukanda inokanganisa chimiro chezviyo, kunzwika, uye pakupedzisira, kuita kwegiya riri pasi pemutoro. Iwe unofanirwa kuenzanisa iyo nzira nehukuru hwegiya, huwandu, uye mhando tier.
Machining: Iko Theoretical Inosangana Nechokwadi
Apa ndipo apo zviroto zve geometry yakakwana zvinosvika pachokwadi chekushandisa chattering. Simbi yakakandwa ine brittle. Kugadzira zino regiya, kunyanya kubhomba kana kuumba, kunoda kugadzika kwakasimba uye chaiyo chishandiso geometries kudzivirira kutyoka kumicheto. Inotonhorera (kana kushaikwa kwayo) gakava guru. Vamwe vanopika nemichina yakaoma ine carbides yakavharwa kuti vadzivise kuvhunduka uye tsvina yeguruva resimbi rinosangana neanotonhodza. Vamwe vanoshandisa high-pressure coolant kubudisa machipisi nekudzora kupisa.
Ini ndinotsamira kune yakaoma kana MQL (minimum quantity lubrication) kune vakawanda simbi giya zvikamu mushure mechiitiko chakashata neinotonhorera seepage. Taive nebhechi remagiya esimbi egiya rekurima. Post-machining, yakasara inotonhorera yakabatanidzwa mumakomba ebhaudhi nemagarari emafuta. Yakakonzera kuora kwenzvimbo panguva yekutakura, izvo zvakakonzera kunyunyuta kwakashata. Zvino, isu tinotsanangudza kuchenesa uye kuomesa mapuroteni nekukurumidza mushure mekugadzira. Zvinonzwika zvakakosha, asi ndeaya maitiro ekugadzirisa anoparadzanisa chikamu chakanaka kubva kune chakavimbika.
Kupedza mashandiro akaita sekugaya kana kukudza dzimwe nguva kunodiwa pamaapplications arikumhanya. Asi unofanira kungwarira. Kupisa kwakanyanya kwekukuya kunogona kushandura iyo yepasi microstructure, kugadzira yakaoma, brittle nzvimbo dzinogona kupara. Kazhinji zviri nani kunanga kupedzisa kwemhando yepamusoro kubva kune hobber kana shaper pane kuronga pakukuya zvese. Zvekare, zvinodzoka pakugadzira iyo yese maitiro kumashure kubva kune inodiwa yekupedzisira chikamu.
The Integrated Supplier Advantage
Kubata nehwambo inongodira simbi uye chitoro chemuchina chinongocheka simbi chinogadzira kukweshera uye kunongedzera munwe. Kana giya rikakundikana, mugadziri anopomera machini, uye machinist anopomera kukanda. Kuve nenzvimbo imwechete yebasa rekukanda uye kugadzira, senge modhi inoshandiswa ne QSY, inopinda nepakati. Makumi matatu avo ekukanda uye machining anoreva kuti vaona kuti shrinkage mhango mune imwe nzvimbo ichapwanya sei hobbling chishandiso matanho matatu gare gare. Ivo vanogona kugadzirisa iyo feeder musoro dhizaini kana machining kutevedzana kutsiva.
Takabatana navo pane seti yakakura ductile iron yekudzikisa magiya ewinji yemugungwa. Dambudziko raive rekuchengetedza chimiro chezino uye helix angle padhayamita hombe. Nekuti ivo vanodzora nhanho mbiri, vaigona kukina maflange anokwira uye ekuongorora madhamu pane yakakasha yekukanda kutanga, vobva vashandisa iwo chaiwo madhamu kubata giya rekugera mazino. Izvi zvakavimbisa concentricity uye kubvisa kukanganisa kukanganisa. Iwe haugone kurongedza zviri nyore iyo nhanho yekubatanidza maitiro nevatengesi vakasiyana.
Basa ravo nemaaloyi akakosha rinozivisawo maitiro avo esimbi yakakandwa. Kubata nickel-based alloys inodzidzisa iwe nezve kudzora kusimba uye kupisa kurapwa kugadzirisa kushushikana. Ruzivo irworwo runoturikira kumashure pakugadzira zvakanyanya kugadzikana, kunetseka-kurerutswa simbi giya zvikamu. Ndiko kusanganisa-mukume kwehunyanzvi hwezvinhu izvo zvinowedzera husinganzwisisike kukosha.
Pfungwa dzekupedzisira: Ihurongwa, Kwete Chikamu
Giya resimbi rakakandwa harimo mune vacuum. Kuita kwayo kunosungirirwa kune kusimba kweimba, kurongeka kweshafts, zvimiro zvemating gear (iyo inowanzova simbi), uye lubrication system. Kutsanangura iyo giya zvinhu ingori imwe link. Iwe unofanirwa kufunga nezvese tribological system. Semuenzaniso, ma graphite flakes mu grey iron anogona kuita semafuta akasimba kusvika padanho, izvo zvinobatsira, asi zvakare zvinoita kuti pasi rinyanye kujaira kupfeka anonamira kana iyo lubrication firimu ikaparara.
Chikuru chekutora? Usatsanangure magiya esimbi kubva pakatalogi. Bata nemumwe wako wekugadzira padanho rekugadzira. Govera mitoro yekutakura, nharaunda yekushanda, izvo zvinoda ruzha. Rega ruzivo rwavo runoshanda rwutungamirire giredhi rezvinhu, nzira yekukanda, uye machining maitiro. Zvinogona kureva kusarudza simbi inodhura zvishoma pane grey iron, asi kudzivirira imwe isina kurongeka kuvhara kunobhadhara iyo premium kane zana.
Pakupedzisira, kubudirira simbi giya zvikamu kubva mukuremekedza chimiro chakasiyana chechinhu uye kuronga nhanho yega yega yekusikwa kwayo kuti ienderane nehunhu ihwohwo. Imhizha inodzidzira, kwete kungotenga odha.
