Kana vanhu vachitaura nezvekurasika kukanda wakisi, kazhinji vanonyanya kufunga nezvepatani dzewakisi kana kudira kwesimbi yekupedzisira. Iyo ceramic slurry? Inobatwa sependi yakapfava, nhanho yekumashure. Ndiko kukanganisa kwekutanga. Kutaura zvazviri, slurry ndiyo inoumba mold chaiyo; maitiro ayo anoraira kana iwe ukawana kukanda kusina kukanganisa kana murwi wezvimedu zvinodhura. Haisi nhumbi. Batch rinoshandira simbi isina tsvina rinogona kukundikana zvakanyanya kune yakatetepa-yakavakirwa nickel-based alloy component. Ndakaona zvitoro zvakawandisa, kunyangwe vane ruzivo, vanoitora senge-saizi-inokodzera-yese musanganiswa, chete kutarisana negoko rakatsemuka, inclusions, kana kutyisa kwepamusoro kupera, uyezve kupomera dewaxing kana choto. Chokwadi chinowanzotanga ne slurry tank.
Zviri Kupfuura Madhaka Kungodaro - Kuumbwa inhaurirano
Hwaro huri nyore: refractory hupfu (seyakasanganiswa silica kana zircon) uye binder, kazhinji colloidal silica kana ethyl silicate. Asi zviri nyore zvinoperera ipapo. Kugovaniswa kwehukuru hwehupfu hwakakosha. Iwe unoda musanganiswa wezvakakora uye zviyo zvakanaka kuti uwane kwakaringana kurongedza density. Zvakanyanya kunaka, uye iwe unowana yakawandisa shrinkage uye makatsemuka panguva yekuomesa uye kupfura. Yakakasharara, uye kupera kwako kuchave kwakashata, kurasikirwa neruzivo rwese rwawakashanda nesimba kutora muwakisi. Kune mazhinji ebasa redu ne ceramic slurry yekukanda wakisi yakarasika paQSY, isu tinosendamira kune zircon-based system yeakakwira-tembiricha alloys. Iyo ine yakakwirira refractoriness, iyo isingagone kutaurirana kana iwe uchidurura cobalt-based alloys inodanidzira kubva muchoto.
Sarudzo yebhainda imwe danidzo yekutonga. Colloidal silica inoshandiswa-inoshamwaridzana, mvura-yakavakirwa, asi inovaka simba zvishoma nezvishoma. Ethyl silicate inovaka goko rakasimba nekukurumidza, asi idoro-yakavakirwa-moto njodzi, inonyengera viscosity control, uye inogona kuita kuti goko riome zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti misodzi inopisa musimbi. Isu tinoshandisa ese ari maviri, asi kune yakaoma, yakaonda-chikamu zvikamu musimbi kana isina tsvina, isu tinowanzoenda neyakasanganiswa system. Ndezve kuenzanisa simba rakasvibirira, simba rinopfurwa, uye permeability. Hapana mhinduro yebhuku; iresipi yaunogadzirisa zvichienderana nehunyoro huri muwekishopu zuva iroro.
Ipapo kune zvinowedzera. Madonhwe mashoma ekunyorovesa ajenti kuderedza tension yepasi kuitira kuti slurry ipfeke wakisi zvakaenzanirana, kunyanya panzvimbo dzine hunyanzvi hwehydrophobic. Defoamer inosungirwa - mabhubhu emhepo akavharirwa ndiwo hurema hwegoko rakamirira kuitika. Dzimwe nguva chikamu chidiki cheiyo yakakosha anti-veining additive inodiwa kune mamwe majeometri kudzivirira iwo kutsemuka kwebvudzi muceramic. Unosanganisa izvi, uye haungozvitarisi; unozvinzwa. Iyo viscosity inofanirwa kupfekedza chigunwe chako neimwe nzira, ichisiya yakaenzana, opaque layer. Isu tinoiongorora nekapu yeZahn, asi vakomana vane ruzivo vanoziva nekudonha kwainodonha.
Dhiyabhorosi ari muChiitiko: Rheology uye Kudzora
Kusanganisa hakusi kungokanda zvinhu mutangi. Iyo inodzorwa, kazhinji inononoka, maitiro ekudzivirira kurova mweya musanganiswa. Isu tinoshandisa propeller mixer ine chaiyo blade angle. Mushure mekusanganiswa, slurry inoda kukwegura-dzimwe nguva maawa makumi maviri nemana-kuti makemikari agadzikane. Rheology yayo inoshanduka. Sirivha ichangobva kusanganiswa inogona kudonha nekukurumidza kubva pamuti wewakisi, ichisiya jasi rakatetepa, risina simba. Munhu achembera anenge aine thixotropic pfuma iri nani: inoyerera kana yazununguswa asi inobata chimiro chayo kana ichiripo, ichivaka yunifomu layer.
Izvo zvigadziro zvekutonga zvimiro zvezuva nezuva. Density (kana kuti giravhiti chaiyo) inotariswa nechitendero. Sezvo mvura inoputika, kuwanda kunokwira, uye unofanira kuigadzirisa zvakare nemvura yakasvibiswa. Viscosity inotariswa pamberi pekuchinja kwese. pH inokosha kune colloidal silica systems; kana ikadonha, masilica particles anogona kutanga kuyerera nguva isati yakwana, achiparadza batch rese. Ndakarasa tangi re500-litre kamwe nekuti bhaketi rakasvibiswa rakashandiswa, kushandura pH. Icho chaiva chidzidzo chinodhura mukugadzirisa maitiro. Hausi kungochengetedza mvura; uri kuchengetedza mhenyu, colloidal system.
Kunyudza maassemblies ewakisi inyanzvi. Bhachi rekutanga, kana kuti jasi rekutanga, ndiro rinonyanya kukosha. Inotsanangura kupera kwepamusoro. Isu tinowanzo shandisa hupfu hwakatsetseka pano, dzimwe nguva kunyange kuwedzera yakanakisa-giredhi zircon. Nguva yekudhonza, kutenderera kwemuti kudzivisa kubatana, kudzora guruva remhoteredzo—zvose zvine basa. Mushure mejasi rekutanga, tinobva tangoisa stucco (jecha rakaoma) apo slurry ichiri kunyorova. Zvadaro kutenderera: kuomesa, kunyura, kuomesa, kuomesa. Nzvimbo yekuomesa (tembiricha, humidity, kuyerera kwemhepo) yakakosha senge slurry pachayo. Kumhanya-mhanya uku kunotungamira kumakwati egirinhi ane mwando wakavharirwa, ayo anoshanduka kuita chiutsi uye anoputika panguva yekudonha.
Case in Point: Iyo Nickel-Yakavakirwa Alloy Turbine Blade
Apa ndipo panosangana dzidziso nemoto. Takanga tine chirongwa chechikamu chidiki chenickel-based alloy turbine blades. Mapatani ewakisi aive akaomarara, aine machenera ekutonhodza mukati. Yekutanga kumhanya yakashandisa yakajairwa simbi alloy slurry formula. Zvakaguma nei? Mablades akati wandei airatidza kutsemuka kwakanaka mumacheto anotevera mushure mekudonha mu autoclave. Deko racho rakanga rakaomarara uye raisakwanisa kumira nekukasira kuwedzera wakisi. Iko kukundikana kwaive mune slurry-binder system; yakanga yakasimba zvikuru, isina brittle kune iyi geometry.
Iyo yekugadzirisa yaive yakawanda-yakagadziriswa kugadzirisa kune iyo ceramic slurry yekukanda wakisi yakarasika. Chekutanga, isu takadzikisa zvishoma muyero webinder mumajasi maviri ekutanga kuti tibvumire diki diki. Chechipiri, takachinjisa stucco yejasi rekutanga kuita shoma shoma, jecha rakatenderedzwa kuti rideredze pfungwa dzekushushikana. Chechitatu, takawedzera nguva yekuomesa pakati pemajasi ekutanga ne50%. Yakaderedza kugadzirwa, asi yakashanda. Matemhe aive nesimba rakakwana rekubata simbi asi aikwana kupinda mukati uye nemicro-kupa kuti ararame pakudonha. Rudzi urwu rwekugadzirisa matambudziko rwakajairwa muchitoro senge Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), uko iyo portfolio yezvinhu kubva kusimbi yakakandwa kune yakakosha alloys inokumanikidza kuti uremekedze slurry sechinhu chinoshanduka, kwete chinogara chiripo.
Imwe pfungwa yakavanzika: kune aya emhando yepamusoro-tembiricha alloys, goko rinofanirwa kumira kwete chete tembiricha yekudurura, asiwo kupisa kwenguva refu sezvo nzvimbo huru yekukanda inosimba zvishoma nezvishoma. Slurry iyo inonyudza kana kupfava nekukurumidza inogona kutungamira mukupinzwa kwesimbi, ichigadzira nzvimbo yakaoma, yakasanganiswa izvo zvinonetsa kuchenesa. Yedu zircon slurry formula, yakagadziridzwa kwemakore, yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza kutendeseka kwayo kusvika pamuganho, ndosaka tichigona kubata nekuvimbika zvinodikanwa zvecobalt uye nickel-based parts.
Zvakajairwa Pitfalls uye Kunzwa Kwazvo
Kupfuura tekinoroji specs, pane intuition. Slurry iyo yakashandiswa kune yakawandisa dips inounganidza huruva kubva kune stucco uye hydrolyzed binder. Inowedzera kukora, saizi yayo inoshanduka. Iwe haugone kungoramba uchiwedzera mvura kugadzirisa viscosity; iyo inoderedza binder content. Iwe unofanirwa kugara uchizorodza tangi netsva slurry. Pane nzvimbo inotapira muhupenyu hwetangi apo yakanyatsodzikama-kazhinji mushure memaitiro mashoma ekuzorodza.
Imwe nyaya inoramba ichienderera mberi ndeye slurry drainage kugadzira ruzhowa kana mukobvu kuvaka pazasi pepateni yewakisi. Izvi zvinogadzira musiyano wekupisa kwekupisa panguva yekudirwa, zvichiita kuti shrinkage porosity musimbi panzvimbo iyoyo. Mhinduro yacho haisi nguva dzose mune slurry pachayo, asi mukugadzira nzira-dzimwe nguva unoda kunyura, kutenderera 180 degrees, uye kunyura zvakare kuti uwane kunyange jasi. Iko kugadzirisa kwemaoko.
Pakupedzisira, hukama pakati pe slurry uye kupfura kunotevera. Goko rinofanirwa kupiswa kuti ripise chero wakisi yasara kana kuparara uye kuumba simba raro rekupedzisira. Kana iyo slurry formula yakadzimwa, goko rinogona kupera kana kutsemuka panguva yekupfura. Isu tinogara tichiita bvunzo kupfura pagoko kubva kubhechi nyowani kana fomula tisati tazvipira kugadzira. Zviri cheap insurance policy. Iyo goko rinopfurwa rinofanirwa kuve neruvara rwakafanana uye yakajeka, ping inonzwika kana yakabatwa zvishoma. Kutinhira kunoreva dambudziko-zvichida simba rakaderera kana micro-cracks.
Mhedziso: Nheyo Ndiyo Zvose
Saka, mushure memakore makumi matatu mumutambo uyu paQSY, kubva kugoko remagoko kusvika kune yakaomesesa yekudyara mari, kana paine chinhu chimwe chete chekumisikidza kumba, ndeichi: usamborerutsa imba ine tsvina. The ceramic slurry yekukanda wakisi yakarasika ndicho chibvumirano chehwaro pakati pepatani yewakisi nesimbi yakanyungudutswa. Isimba rinoita, rinorarama hurongwa hunoda ruremekedzo nekutarisa nguva dzose. Iwe unogona kuve neyakanakisa wakisi, iyo yakakwana gating dhizaini, uye nechoto chemoto, asi slurry isina kunyatsogadziriswa inodzikisira zvese. Haisi basa rinoyevedza - rinowanzoita zvakashata uye rinodzokororwa - asi mhando yezvose zvinotevera inovakwa, yakatsetseka neyakagadzika, mutangi iroro. Ihwo hunyanzvi chaihwo hausi hwekungosanganisa kune pepa rinotsanangurwa; zviri mukuziva maitirwo azvo kune chikamu chiri pamuti nhasi, kune alloy iri kudururwa svondo rinouya, uye nedambudziko rawakagadzirisa asi unogona kuona zvakare mune imwe fomu. Ndiwo hunyanzvi.
