Paunonzwa 'cobalt alloy', iko kushamwaridzana kwepedyo kunowanzo kuoma kwakanyanya uye kutonhora kwakanyanya. Izvo hazvina kukanganisa, asi inzvimbo yekutanga iyo inopenya pamusoro peiyo chaiyo, yakaoma matambudziko ekushanda nayo. Iyo indasitiri dzimwe nguva inoitora semashiripiti bara, yekudonha-mukati mhinduro yekupfeka kana kupisa. Mune ruzivo rwangu, iyo pfungwa inotungamira zvakananga kune zvinodhura kukundikana. Chokwadi ndechekuti, maitiro ayo anosungirirwa zvakanyanya kune chaiyo kuumbwa uye, zvakanyanya, maitiro anoshandiswa kuigadzira. Haisi chinhu chete; hukama huri pakati pemakemikari neumhizha.
Iyo Foundry Floor Reality
Ngatitaure kukanda. With cobalt alloy, kunyanya mamakisi akakwira muchromium uye tungsten seStellite 6 kana 21, tembiricha yekudira kutamba pamucheto webanga. Kunyanya kutonhorera, uye iwe unowana inotonhora inovhara uye isina kukwana kuzadza muzvikamu zvitete. Kupisa zvakanyanya, uye unoisa panjodzi yekukura kwezviyo zvakanyanya uye kupatsanurwa kwecarbide, izvo zvinoparadza zvachose zvipfeko zvauri kubhadhara. Ndakaona zvikamu zvichibuda muforoma zvichitaridzika zvakanaka, kungotadza nguva isati yakwana musevhisi nekuti kunyunguduka kwakadzimwa nemadhigirii mashoma kana mwero wekutonhora hauna kudzorwa. Chinhu chinoranga fungidziro.
Apa ndipo panodiwa dzinza remuwani. Chitoro chinongodirwa simbi inorohwa ichanetsa. Unoda inodzorwa mamiriro ekunyunguduka, kazhinji argon kana vacuum, kudzivirira oxidation yezvinhu zvinoshanda senge chromium. Ndinoyeuka imwe purojekiti makore apfuura kwataitsvaga vamwe vatambi cobalt alloy turbine zvisimbiso kubva kune generalist foundry. Iwo dimensional specs akasangana, asi mukuyedza, vakaratidza njodzi oxidation patembiricha. Mupari wemhosva? Tsvakiridzo yepikisi yeokisijeni panguva yekudira iyo yakagadzira brittle oxides pamiganhu yezviyo. Chikamu chakakandwa nehunyanzvi, asi chinoshanda chisingabatsiri.
Izvi zvinoenderana nezvamunoona kubva kunyanzvi dzakararama nezvinhu izvi. Tora Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Makumi-matatu avo anotarisa pane goko uye kukanda mari yekudyara kune alloys akakosha haisi mutsara wekushambadzira. Nokuti a cobalt-based alloy, iyo shell mold system (kazhinji zirconia-based ceramic) uye chaiyo de-waxing uye firing cycles chikamu chekupedzisira microstructure yezvinhu. Kuwana izvo zvakarurama nguva dzose ndiwo mutsauko pakati pechikamu uye paperweight. Webhusaiti yavo, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, inodonongodza basa ravo neaya alloys, uye iko kuunganidzwa kweiyo maitiro-chaiwo ruzivo runotsanangura kugona, kwete rondedzero yemazita enyama.
Machining: Papi Dzidziso Inosangana Nechokushandisa
Kana kukanda kuri kuberekwa kwakapfava, kugadzira ihondo inodzorwa. Maitiro ekuomesa-basa kwevakawanda cobalt alloys is legendary. Iwe haugone kusvika pairi sesimbi yekugadzira. Chishandiso chakagomara zvishoma, mwero wekudya usiri iwo, uye wakabva waomesa denga repamusoro, uchiita kuti kupfuudza kunotevera kusagoneke uye kungangoita kupinza carbide yako. Iyo swarf inofanira kubva sechipisi chinopisa, chinopenya, chinopfuurira. Kana iwe uri kuwana guruva kana segmented chips, iwe uri kutorasikirwa.
Iyo setup ndiyo yese. Rigidity haigone kutaurirana. Chero kutaura kana kutsauka kunokonzeresa kutadza kwechishandiso ipapo. Takadzidza izvi nenzira yakaoma kuyedza kugadzira chimiro chakaoma pane chigaro cheStellite. Isu takashandisa yakajairwa CNC chirongwa chesimbi, ichingodzikisa kumhanya uye mafidhi. Yakanga iri ngwavaira. Chishandiso chacho chakatora maminetsi, uye kupera kwepamusoro kwakabvaruka. Mhinduro yakanga isiri yekumhanya zvishoma; kwaive kufungazve kwakazara: nyanzvi dzejometri (yakanaka rake, micheto inopinza), inotonhorera-yakanyanya kutonhora yakanangidzirwa pamucheto wekucheka kubata kupisa nekupwanya machipisi, uye trochoidal milling nzira kuchengetedza kubatikana nguva dzose. Inzira yekubvisa iyo inoda ruzivo rwekuwedzera.
Uku ndiko kukosha kwezvitoro zvakabatanidzwa. Nzvimbo inopa zvese kukanda uye CNC machining pasi pedenga remba, seQSY, ine mukana unobatika we cobalt alloy zvikamu. Iwo machinist ipapo havasi kuona zvisinganzwisisike, zvakanyanya-zvakaoma blank ichisvika pamusuwo wavo. Ivo vanowanzo batanidzwa kubva padanho repateni, kunzwisisa kusara kwechikamu kushushikana kubva pakukanda, inotarisirwa kuomarara nzvimbo, uye zvingangove zvinosanganisirwa. Kuenderera mberi uku kunobvumira kukwenenzverwa kwemaitiro izvo zvisingagoneke kana kukanda uye machining ari siloed. Iyo yemhinduro loop yakananga: machinist anowana nzvimbo yekuoma kusingatarisirwe uye anogona kufamba achidzokera kune foundry kuti akurukure nezvekudira kana kupisa kurapwa kwebatch iro.
Iyo Alloy Sarudzo Musungo
Kwete zvose cobalt alloys zvinogadzirwa zvakaenzana, uye mashandisirwo anoraira giredhi nenzira dzisiri pachena nguva dzose. Stellite 6 ndiyo bhiza rekushanda kune general kupfeka kuramba. Stellite 12 inopa yakakwira carbide zvemukati kune mamwe abrasive kupfeka. Asi zvino une mamakisi akafanana Haynes 25 (L-605) kana 188, izvo zvakagadzirirwa zvakawanda pamusoro-tembiricha simba uye oxidation kuramba ari muchadenga, pamwe machining siyana uye welding maitiro. Kutsanangura zvisirizvo kukanganisa kunodhura.
Ndinorangarira imwe nyaya apo mutengi akasimbirira kushandisa Stellite 6 yechigaro chepamusoro-tembiricha yevharuvhu nekuti vaive nestock yayo. Yakaita zvisina kunaka, ichitambura nekupfeka kweoxidative uye kushomeka kushoma. Nyaya yakanga isiri kunaka kwezvinhu; yaingove iyo mhuri isiriyo yemusanganiswa weiyo chaiyo musanganiswa wekupisa nemhepo. Takachinjira kune nickel-based alloy ine aluminum oxide-forming element, iyo yakagadzirisa dambudziko. Tinodzidzei? Cobalt-based alloys haisi monolithic mhinduro yekupisa uye yakaoma. Matrix avo (ingave cobalt-rich kana zvakanyanya kuoma) uye carbide chimiro chinotsanangura niche yavo.
Apa ndipo panova neshungu dzezvinhu zvemutengesi. Kambani inonyora cobalt-based alloys, nickel-based alloys, nezvimwewo iri kuratidza kunzwisisa kuti kusarudzwa kwezvinhu isarudzo yekutanga engineering. Havasi kungosundidzira zvavanazvo; vakashongedzerwa kuita hurukuro yekuti cobalt alloy ndiyo mhinduro chaiyo here, kana kuti imwe superalloy ingaite zvirinani. Iyo nzira yekubvunzana inozvarwa kubva pakuona zvese kubudirira uye kukundikana pane ese maapplication.
Welding uye Kugadzirisa: Iyo Art yezvinogoneka
Kugadzirisa kana kuvaka zvakasakara cobalt alloy zvikamu kuburikidza ne welding inyika yayo yakasarudzika. Kazhinji ndiyo inonyanya kudhura nzira yekuwedzera hupenyu hwechikamu chakakura, chinodhura senge turbine blade kana extrusion screw. Asi yakazara nemakomba. Muvengi wekutanga kutsemuka, kungave kupisa kutsemuka panguva yekusimba kana kusagadzikana kutsemuka kubva kune yakanyanya kupinza kupisa kwenzvimbo.
Iyo yakajairwa tsika ndeye kushandisa kuenzanisa kuumbwa kwekuzadza simbi, asi kunyangwe zvakadaro, pre-kupisa uye interpass tembiricha kutonga kwakakosha. Uri kunyanya kugadzira dziva diki, rinodzorwa rekukanda. Kukurumidza, uye iwe unovharira mumatambudziko. Kunyanya kunonoka, uye nzvimbo inokanganisa kupisa inova hombe, zvichigona kushandura zvimiro zvesimbi. Ndapedza maawa ndichigadzira weld yekufa hombe yekuforoma, kungonzwa kutyisa kweping yekuputika kuchiita sezvainotonhorera, nekuda kwekuti takasvetuka zvishoma, zvinodzorwa post-kupisa kurapwa mugumbeze rinodzivirira.
Kugadzirisa kunobudirira kunowanzouya kune ruzivo rwemadzinza. Iwo mawelder akanakisa anokudziridza kunzwa kwekuyerera kwemvura uye ruvara. Ichi hachisi chinhu chaunowana kubva kune dhatabheti. Ndosaka mashandiro enguva refu achivaka ruzivo rwakadaro rwemasangano. Kana kambani yakaita seQSY ikataura makore makumi matatu mukukandira nekugadzira, mutsara wenguva unoreva kuti vaona uye vangangoita mugove wavo wekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa basa pazvinhu izvi zvinonyengera, vachiunganidza mitemo isina kunyorwa, isina kunyorwa inotonga kubudirira.
Kutarisa paChimiro chezviyo
Pakupedzisira, kuvimba a cobalt alloy chikamu chinoreva kuvimba ne microstructure yayo. Chitupa chekuenderana chechemistry ingori peji rekutanga renyaya. Nhoroondo chaiyo yakanyorwa muhukuru hwezviyo, kugoverwa uye morphology ye carbides, uye kusavapo kwekuremara. Unofanira kuzvitarisa. Iyo macro-etch inogona kuratidza nyaya dzekudira, shrinkage, kana kutonhora kunovhara. Microscopy pa100x kana 500x inokuudza kana iwo akaoma, asingapfeke-resistant carbides akapararira zvakaenzana kana kuungana mumabrittle network.
Iyi ndiyo yekupedzisira, isingagone kutaurirana yemhando yekutarisa. Isu taramba mabhechi akapfuura ese ma dimensional uye makemikoro cheki nekuti iyo metallography yairatidza yakanyanya dendritic segregation. Chikamu chingadai chakasakara zvisina kuenzana uye chakakundikana nekukurumidza. Iyi nhanho yekuongorora chikamu chepakeji kana iwe ukashanda nevaya vakakomba vatengesi. Ndiwo musiyano pakati pekutenga zvinhu uye kutenga vimbiso yekuita. The density, kunzwika, microstructure-izvi ndizvo zvinobatika zvinobuda zvese hurongwa hwekutonga hwakambotaurwa nezvahwo.
Saka, paunenge uchiongorora kunobva, tsvaga humbowo hwekutonga kwakazara uku. Vanogona here kupa kwete kungoita chete, asi nyaya iri shure kwayo? Vanogona here kukurukura kupisa kupisa macurves, kutonhora mitengo, uye microstructural zvinangwa? Iko kugona kuzviita, kwakazvarwa kubva mumakumi emakore ekutarisa sekuonekwa nemasangano akaita seQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology, ndiko kunoparadzanisa mutengesi wezvikamu kubva kune wechokwadi wekugadzira mudiwa wekuda. cobalt alloy applications. Izvo zvinhu zvinongonaka semagadzirirwo anoigadzira, kubva pamvura kusvika pakupera chikamu.
