Paunonzwa 'cobalt-based alloy,' iko kushamwaridzana kwepedyo inzvimbo dzakanyanyisa - jet injini blades, turbine seals, mavharuvhu ekupisa. Izvo hazvina kushata, asi iwo maonero mashoma. Mumakore angu ndichibata nezvinhu izvi zvezvinhu zvemaindasitiri, ndakaona kugadziridzwa kwetembiricha specs zvichitungamira kune dzimwe dzisina kunaka dhizaini sarudzo. Chinetso chaicho hachisi chokuti vanogona kutora kupisa; iri kuvaita kuti vashande zvakavimbika muhurongwa nezvimwe, zvisingashamisi zvinhu, zvine chekuita nekupisa bhasikoro, galling, uye mutengo wakakwana wekuwana iyo geometry chaiyo. Chinhu chinoranga fungidziro.
Iyo Alloy Haisi Nzvimbo Yekutanga; Kukundikana Ndiko
Iwe hausi kungofunga kushandisa cobalt-based alloy. Kazhinji unomanikidzwa kupinda mairi. A common entry point kutadza kudzokororwa mu a mechanical chikamu yakagadzirwa kubva kusimbi yakaoma kana kunyange nickel alloy. Ndinoyeuka mumwe mutengi aiva netambo yokukanda—mipumburu yavo, yaigadzirwa nesimbi yemhando yepamusoro, yakanga yava kupera mumavhiki. Nyaya yacho yaisangova kubvongodzwa; yakanga iri musanganiswa wekupisa kwakadzikama (kunenge 600-700 ° C), oxidation, uye cyclic stress inokonzera micro-cracking. Kuchinjira kune generic cobalt alloy kubva kukhathalogi hakuna kuzvigadzirisa. Yekutanga prototype, ichishandisa Co-6 (Stellite 6), yakaratidza kupfeka zviri nani asi yakatsemuka pasi pekuvhunduka kwekupisa. Takatozodzokera kumashure.
Chidzidzo chaive chekuti cobalt-based imhuri yakakura. Pamupumburu iwoyo, taida chiyero. Isu takatamira kune alloy ine yakakwira kabhoni uye tungsten zvemukati zvekuramba abrasion, asiwo yakakwenenzverwa chromium uye molybdenum reshiyo yehupenyu huri nani hwekuneta hwekupisa. Ichi chiito chekuenzanisa ndicho chinotsanangura basa. Iwo mapepa edatha anokupa iwe yekutanga zvivakwa, asi kupindirana musevhisi ndiko kwakakosha. Hausi kungotenga chinhu; uri kugadzira hwindo rekuita.
Apa ndipo apo venguva refu vanovamba vanobatana vanove vakanyanya kukosha. Chitoro chinongodira simbi hachidimburi. Iwe unoda imwe inonzwisisa maitiro ekusimba kweaya alloys-kuti ivo vanowanzoita sei kupisa kubvarura, kuti vanonzwa sei pakudurura tembiricha. Ndakashanda neQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY) pane akati wandei prototypes. Makumi matatu avo emugoko uye kukanda mari, kunyanya kunyora cobalt-based alloys sehunyanzvi, zvaireva kuti vaiziva kushandisa pre-heated molds uye inodzorwa kutonhora mitengo kune yakaoma pombi chisimbiso mhete isu takagadzira. Chikamu ichocho chingadai chakatsemuka munzvimbo gumi nemaviri nechitoro chisina ruzivo.
Machining: Panovanda Mutengo Wechokwadi uye Musoro
Wese munhu anonetsekana nemutengo wezvinhu zvakabikwa pakirogiramu. Kunyanya kunetseka kuri pamusoro pemutengo wega wega wapera chip. Machining cobalt alloys imhuka yakasiyana. Vanoshanda-kuoma nekukurumidza. Chishandiso chakagomara zvishoma kana hutsinye hwekudya hachingopfeki chishandiso; inogadzira ganda rakaoma pane workpiece inoita kuti inotevera ipfuure inenge isingabviri, kazhinji inoparadza chikamu.
Takadzidza izvi nenzira yakaoma pachikwata chezvigaro zvevharuvhu. Chirongwa cheCNC chakashanda zvakanaka pa316 isina tsvina yaive njodzi. Izvo zvaitungamira kune chattered surfaces, dzakatyoka kuiswa, uye hukuru kunze kweiyo spec. Mhinduro yakanga isiri yekumhanya zvishoma uye mafeed. Yakanga iri zano rekushandisa rakakwana: zvibatiso zvematurusi akaomarara, magiredhi chaiwo ecarbide ane mipendero yakapinza uye marekeni akanaka, uye high-pressure coolant yakanangidzirwa kumucheto wekucheka kubata kupisa uye kubvisa machipisi. Inzira inodhura, inodzokorora.
Iyi ndiyo imwe nzvimbo iyo iyo yakazara-sevhisi kugona kwemugadziri ine basa. Kambani yakaita seQSY, inobata zvese kukanda uye iyo CNC machining mumba, ine mukana wakakura. Ivo vanogona kugadzira maitiro ekukanda vaine machining mupfungwa- vachiwedzera hurongwa hwekubvumidzwa kwemasheya, tichifunga nezvekugadzirisa mapoinzi-saka chikamu chinoshanduka kubva pakukandira mbishi kuenda kune chakapedzwa chine mashoma handoffs uye njodzi shoma. Kwatiri, uku kusanganisa kwakacheka nguva yekutungamira pane turbine vane cluster neinosvika 30% nekuti machinist nevakomana vekutanga vaigadzirisa matambudziko pamwechete kubva pazuva rekutanga.
Iyo Yakanaka Yakakwana Musungo uye Material Kutsiva
Pane kuramba kuchimanikidza kutsiva. Hatingakwanise here kushandisa nickel alloy yakachipa kana yekubatisa pamusoro? Dzimwe nguva, hongu. Asi kazhinji, ihupfumi hwenhema. Ini ndakabatanidzwa mupurojekiti yepombi yekugadzira makemikari uko iyo spec yakadana Co-28Cr-6Mo alloy kune yayo yakasanganiswa corrosion uye cavitation kuramba. Mutengesi akaronga chisanganiswa chenickel-copper chine wakafukidzwa nesimbi wecobalt alloy. Yakanga yakachipa kumusoro.
Yakakundikana mukati memwedzi mitanhatu. Iyo yakafukidzirwa yakanonoka. Chidzidzo chaive icho chesimba, kutakura mutoro mechanical parts pasi pe erosive uye corrosive media, iyo homogenous pfuma yeyakasimba cobalt alloy haidzoreki. Iyo substrate uye yekuputira inogara iine muganhu unogona kunge uri kukundikana kwekutanga poindi. Iwe unotsiva nenjodzi yako, uye kazhinji zvinoda bvunzo yakazara yemunda kuti uzviratidze, izvo zvinodhura kupfuura kungoita chete kekutanga.
Ichi ndicho chikamu chepakati chekukosha kwekukurudzira kune nyanzvi. Paunenge uchibatana neyekutanga inonyora aya akakosha alloys seyakakosha kugona, sezvaunoona pa webhusaiti yeQSY, hausi kungosvika pachoto chavo. Iwe uri kuwana makumi matatu emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi emakumi e) Iyo consultancy yakabikwa mukuita.
Nyaya yenyaya: Kubudirira uye Mubvunzo Unoramba Uripo
Kubudirira kwakajeka kwaiva seti yezvipfeko zvekupfeka zvekucheka kunopisa musimbi yesimbi. Mamiriro acho aive nehutsinye: kusangana ne900 ° C simbi, mvura yekupfapfaidza kutonhora, uye kupfeka kwakakura kweabrasive. Takashandisa cobalt alloy ine high carbide volume. Maitiro ekukanda kuburikidza nekuumbwa kwegoko paQSY yaive yakakosha-yakatipa kugadzikana kwedimensional uye kupera kwepamusoro kwaidiwa kune chikamu chaive chakanyanya kuumbwa, kudzikisa machining anodhura pane idzo dzakaomeswa nzvimbo. Zvikamu zvakapfuura mhinduro yapfuura nechikamu cheshanu. Ndiko kukunda kwaunodzingirira.
Asi hadzisi nyaya dzese dzakachena kudaro. Isu nguva pfupi yadarika takayedza nyowani, yevaridzi cobalt alloy yeiyo downhole chishandiso chikamu. Yakavimbisa phenomenal wear resistance. MuLab, yaive stellar. Mumunda, yakaputsika pamutoro wekutanga wepamusoro-soro. Iyo post-mortem yakaratidza nyaya ine intergranular brittleness iyo yanga isingaonekwe mune yakajairwa ASTM bvunzo. Yakagadzirisa purojekiti mumwedzi yapfuura. Icho chiyeuchidzo chekuti nezvinhu izvi zvepamberi, hapana chinotsiva chenyika chaiyo, application-chaiyo yekusimbisa chirongwa. Sainzi yezvinhu inongova hafu yenyaya.
Kutarisa Mberi: Kuwedzera uye Remangwana Geometry
Wese munhu ari kutaura nezve kuwedzera kugadzirwa kweaya alloys. Iyo ine vimbiso yezvisingagoneke geometries-yemukati yekutonhodza chiteshi, lattice zvimiro. Asi ikozvino, kune yakawanda yepamusoro-soro, yakakwirira-kuvimbika cobalt-based alloy zvikamu, kuumbwa kuchiri mambo. Iyo metallurgical kutendeseka uye isotropic zvimiro zvechikamu chakakandwa zvakanaka zvakaoma kurova ne layer-by-layer process inogona kuunza mhando nyowani dzehurema.
Zvakadaro, tiri kutarisa zvakanyanya. Iko kugona kudhinda pedyo-net-shape preform yehuni yakaoma yehutsi uye wozoipedzisa neiyo CNC machining inogona kuve inoshandura mutambo. Zvaizoderedza kupambadzwa kwezvinhu zvinoshamisa. Makambani akatogona kukanda uye kugadzira, sechikwata kuQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., akanyatso kurongeka kubatanidza matekinoroji akadai kana akura kune zvakakosha zvikamu. Chiitiko chavo nemafambiro ezvinyorwa mune ese ari maviri emvura uye akasimba nyika ndiyo yekutanga ruzivo yaunoda kuongorora chero maitiro matsva.
Saka, izvozvo zvinotisiya kupi? Cobalt alloys haisi yemashiripiti bara. Iwo mudziyo wakasarudzika. Kiyi yekuvashandisa nemazvo ndeyekutanga nekutadza maitiro, kuremekedza kuomarara kwekugadzira kwavo uye machining, uye kubatana nevagadziri vane mavanga ekuratidza kuti vanoziva zvavari kuita. Chinangwa hachisi chekungoita chikamu kubva musanganiswa wemhando yepamusoro; ndiko kuita chikamu chinonyangarika kuita sevhisi yakavimbika, isina kukanganiswa. Ndiwo mwero chaiwo webudiriro.
