Paunonzwa 'ductile iron casting', chinhu chekutanga chinouya mupfungwa ndechekuti nodular graphite chimiro, ma spheroids anopa iyo kuchinjika. Asi mune yekutanga, ndiko kuchangotanga. Dambudziko chairo harisi kuwana nodularization-akawanda ane hunhu anowanikwa anogona kubata izvo neMgFeSi kurapwa. Iko kudzora zvese zvinoitika pamberi uye mushure menguva iyoyo kuti uwane yekukanda iyo isingangopfuura bvunzo yerabhoritari, asi inoita mumunda pasina kupaza mukumanikidzwa kana kutadza nguva isati yakwana kubva pasi pepasi shrinkage. Ndakaona akawanda ma specs anongodaidza ductile iron uye funga Giredhi 60-40-18 yakapihwa. Hazvisizvo. Musiyano uripo pakati pekukanda ruzha uye chimedu chimedu chinowanzo gara mugating system dhizaini, chiyero chekutonhora muforoma, uye kunyangwe inoculant fade nguva-ruzivo rusingaite kune chitupa chezvinyorwa.
Basa Risinganzwisisike reInoculation uye Mold Interaction
Ngatitaurei inoculation. Haisi imwe-pfuti dhiri mushure mekurapwa. Kunonoka kwerukova inoculation ndeye chiyero, chokwadi, asi kana mold yako iri inotonhora, dense resin jecha, uri kurwa imwe hondo. Iko kukurumidza kutonhora kunogona kukurudzira carbides, kunyanya muzvikamu zvitete, kunyange neinoculation yakanaka. Ini ndinorangarira batch ye hydraulic valve miviri yatakaita, pamwe makore mashanu kumashure. Iyo chemistry yaive yakakwana, kurapwa kwaive bhuku rekuverenga. Asi isu taive nenyaya dzekuomarara dzakaramba dziri pazviso zveflange. Akashandura kuumbwa kwemateko atakanga tichishandisa—zvinokosha zvezvitoro zvakadai Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY) vane ruzivo rwakadzama ne shell mold casting—yaitotonhodza simbi nekukasira munzvimbo idzodzo. Isu taifanira kubatanidza iyo mold coating, chinja kune inoculant ine simba ine bismuth, uye kugadzirisa tembiricha yekudira ne15 ° C chete. Iro hwindo diki rakaita musiyano pakati pekubvuma uye kurambwa. Iri rudzi rwemaitiro-chaiwo nuance iwe unongodzidza nekumhanyisa kugadzira uye kuona iwo mapatani mukukundikana mishumo.
Izvi zvinosungirirana mune yakafara nzvimbo yekudyidzana neiyo foundry. Iwe hausi kungoda mumwe munhu anogona kudurura ductile iron. Iwe unoda mudiwa anonzwisisa iyo yese yekugadzira cheni. Semuyenzaniso, kana kukanda kunoda kunetsa mukati mechiteshi uye gare gare CNC machining kune chaiyo yekuisa chisimbiso nzvimbo, iyo foundry maitiro ekusangana kwepakati uye magadzirirwo avanoita kuitira kushomeka kwekusarira kusagadzikana inove yakakosha. Chitoro chinongoita kukanda chete chinogona kusakonzeresa kushushikana kwemuchina kunoratidza yakavanzika porosity. A vertically integrated operation, senge yakatsanangurwa pa https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, iyo inobata zvese kukanda uye machining, magadzirirwo ega ane nhanho inotevera mupfungwa. Vanoziva pekuisa mafeeders kwete zvekunaka chete, asiwo kuti vasiye zvakanaka, zvinogara zviripo zvechitoro chemuchina, kudzivirira nzvimbo dzakaoma dzinoparadza maturusi.
Kutaura nezve machining, ndiyo imwe nzvimbo iyo mbiri ye ductile iron yekunaka machinability inogona kutsausa. Ehe, zviri nani pane grey iron maererano nehupenyu hwekushandisa, kazhinji. Asi iyo machinability ye65-45-12 giredhi inogona kusiyanisa zvakapusa zvichibva pane pearlite/ferrite ratio mune microstructure. Chikamu chinowanzo ferritic chinosimudza maturusi, nepo imwe ine pearlite yakawandisa (kunyanya kana yakakora) inopfeka zvinoiswa pasi nekukurumidza. Iyo yekutanga inofanirwa kudzora kutonhora kutenderera uye inozotevera annealing kuti irove iyo chaiyo chimiro chekugadzira, kwete chete kune simba rekusimba. Icho chiito chekuenzanisa.
Kugaya uye Kudyisa: Iko Dzidziso Inosangana Nepasi
Mabhuku egating ratios inzvimbo yakachengeteka yekutangira, asi inowanzotadza mukudzidzira kune yakaoma geometries. Chinangwa ndechekuzadza kwakadzikama kudzivirira slag uye marara kupinza, asiwo kutungamira iyo inopisa simbi kune zvikamu zvinoda kudyisa zvakanyanya. Kune inorema-chikamu ductile iron casting, senge giya risina chinhu kana pombi yekugara, uri kubata nekuderera kukuru. Iri idambudziko rekudya, asi zvakare idambudziko rekuwedzera magirafu. Kuwedzera panguva yekusimba kunogona kubhadhara shrinkage, asi chete kana mold yacho yakaoma zvakakwana kuti igare nayo. Kana iyo mold wall ikafamba, iwe unowana shrinkage porosity. Ndosaka sarudzo pakati pejecha rakasvibirira nejecha rakasungwa nemakemikari (sefuran kana phenolic urethane) haisi diki. Kune zvikamu zvepamusoro-soro, kuomarara kwepamusoro kwemakemikari akasungwa masisitimu anowanzo kukoshesa mari yakawedzerwa.
Takadzidza izvi nenzira yakaoma pane chirongwa checompressor bracket. Yakanga iri chimiro chakapfava, asi ine imwe gobvu hub chikamu. Takashandisa yakajairwa pressurized gating system mujecha regirinhi. Kukandwa kwakapfuura X-ray, asi mukuyedzwa kwehumbowo, vashoma vakakundikana pahubhu. Hurema hwakanga husiri hwekare hwekuderera; yakanga yakawanda ye microporosity yakapararira. Rusvingo rweforoma rwakanga rwabereka zvishoma, zvakakwana chete kudzivirira pombi asi kwete zvakakwana kuti ive nechokwadi chekuzara kwakazara. Isu takachinjira kune furan jecha mold yechikamu ichocho chete (inodhura asi inodiwa shanduko) uye takaita hukasha hwekutonhora zano padhuze nehabhu iri muforoma. Yakagadzirisa nyaya. The takeaway? Iwe haugone kungogadzira gating system uri wega. Iwe unofanirwa kugadzira iyo mold kuoma uye kutonhora mamiriro akaipoteredza.
Apa ndipo panobhadhara makumi emakore ekugadzira maitiro uye mold engineering ruzivo. Kambani ine rekodhi refu, taura pamusoro pemakore makumi matatu sezvakataurwa munhoroondo yekushanda yeQSY, yakavaka raibhurari yepfungwa yezvibatanidza izvi. Ivo vaona zvinoshanda kune manifold kupesana nevhiri hub. Iyi zivo yakanyarara inozivisa yavo yekutanga dhizaini dhizaini, kudzivirira yakawanda yekuedza-uye-kukanganisa zvimedu. Haisi chinhu chaunogona kubatanidza zviri nyore kuita software simulation, kunyangwe simulation inobatsira kupfupisa sarudzo.
Material Nuances: Haisi Iron uye Carbon chete
Ductile iron haisi chinhu chimwe chete. Iwo akajairwa ASTM mamakisi (60-40-18, 65-45-12, 80-55-06, nezvimwewo) anotsanangurwa nekushomeka kwesimba uye goho simba uye kureba. Asi izvo zvisina kutaurwa zvinosiyana-kukanganisa kupikisa pane yakaderera tembiricha, kuneta simba, kupisa conductivity - kunokonzerwa zvakanyanya ne trace elements uye kupisa kurapwa. Somuenzaniso, manganese. Musimbi, inosimbisa. Mune ductile iron, yakakwirira Mn (pamusoro pe 0.3% kana zvakadaro) inoparadzanisa kumiganhu yesero uye inosimudzira pearlite, iyo yakanaka, asi inogonawo kuumba carbides inokuvadza kuoma uye machinability. Iwe unofanirwa kuichengeta yakaderera, izvo zvinowanzoreva kushandisa yakakwirira-kuchena yenguruve simbi kana simbi yesimbi.
Ipapo kune mhangura uye tini, inoshandiswa semaparera ekusimudzira magiredhi esimba repamusoro. Asi dzinofanira kuwedzerwa nemazvo. Zvakawanda, uye unoisa panjodzi yekudzosera kumashure kutonhora kana kuomarara zvakanyanya. Ndakaona batch yekukanda kunofanirwa kuve 80-55-06 ichibuda padhuze nekuti iyo yekuwedzera tin haina kuverengerwa. Vaive vakasimba segehena, asi brittle. Vaifanira kuverengerwa zvakare, izvo zvakawedzera mutengo uye nguva yekutenderera. Icho chiyeuchidzo chokuti choto chemakemikari kutonga izuva nezuva, chirango cheawa.
Uye izvi zvisati zvambofunga nezve alloys anokosha. Nepo akajairwa ma ductile irons achivhara akawanda maindasitiri anodiwa, dzimwe nguva unoda alloyed ductile iron yekupfeka kana kupisa kupisa-kuwedzera nickel, chromium, kana molybdenum. Kana, iko kushandiswa kunoda mhuri yakasiyana zvachose yezvinhu, senge cobalt-based alloys kana nickel-based alloys kuti mamwe mafoundries epamusoro anobata. Misimboti yemisimboti yekukanda ruzha ichiri kushanda, asi kunyunguduka, kurapwa, uye kudira maitiro kunotonyanya kukosha. Mucheto wemhosho unodzikira. Nzvimbo yekuwana iyo inobudirira kubata izvi zvekunze zvinhu ingangove ine yakaomesesa maitiro ekutonga anodiwa kugadzira yakasarudzika mwero ductile iron castings.
Chokwadi cheDimensional Tolerances uye Kupedzisa
Imwezve musoro unoshanda kubata zviyero. Ductile iron ine yakakosha patternmaker's shrinkage allowance, kazhinji inenge 0.8-1.0%. Asi haisi yunifomu. Iyo yakareba, yakapfava yekukanda ichapeta zvakasiyana pane compact, cubic imwe. Iyo pateni pachayo inofanirwa kugadziriswa nekuda kwekukanganiswa kunotarisirwa uku, uko kune hunyanzvi kupfuura sainzi. Isu tinoshandisa 3D scanning pane yekutanga-chinyorwa castings kuenzanisa neCAD modhi, tozodzokorodza pateni yacho. Zvinotora nguva.
Surface finish ndiyo imwe fungidziro inowana gloss pamusoro. Nzvimbo yakachena, yakatsetseka seyakakandirwa haisi yekungonaka; inoderedza nguva yekuchenesa, inovandudza kusungirirwa kwekuputira, uye inogona kuva chinhu chekuneta kwehupenyu. Iko kunaka kwejecha rekuumba (nhamba yeAFS) uye rudzi rwekuputira mold ndiyo yakakosha. Pakashama, pakatsva pajecha kazhinji zvinoratidza tembiricha yekudira yakakwira zvakanyanya, kana jecha rine kushomeka kwemhepo. Asi dzimwe nguva, nzvimbo yakaomarara zvishoma munzvimbo dzisiri dzakakosha kutengeserana kwaunogamuchira kuti uve nechokwadi chekuzadzwa kwezvikamu zvitete. Kudanwa kwekutongwa.
Apa ndipo apo iyo yakazara-sevhisi modhi inoratidza kukosha kwayo. Kana iyo imwecheteyo ine basa rekukanda uye kunotevera CNC machining, vanotora maonero akazara echikamu. Vanogona kusarudza kusiya imwe 2mm yechitoro pachiso chinowanzo sangana nejecha, vachiziva kuti shopu yavo yemuchina inogona kuichenesa nekuvimbika. Ivo vanogadzira dhizaini yekukanda uye gating kuderedza basa rekuchenesa. Uku kubatanidzwa kunobvisa kunongedzera kwemunwe kunogona kuitika pakati pekukandira kwakasiyana uye machining vatengesi kana dambudziko ramuka. Chitarisiko chinoramba chiri pakuendesa chakapedzwa, chinoshanda chikamu.
Kutarisa Kumashure Nekufambira Mberi
Mushure memakore mundima iyi, unotanga kuona ductile iron kwete sechinhu chekushandisa, asi sehurongwa. Iyo sisitimu inosanganisira zvinhu zvekuchaja, maitiro ekurapa, dhizaini yeforoma uye zvinhu, tsika yekudurura, uye mashandiro epashure-kukanda. Utera mune chero chinongedzo chinoratidza muchikamu chekupedzisira, dzimwe nguva nekukurumidza, dzimwe nguva mwedzi gare gare mumunda. The best foundries havangoshandi matanho aya; vanonzwisisa chikonzero-ne-mhedzisiro hukama pakati pavo.
Ndosaka kana ndichiongorora mutengesi, ini ndinotarisa zvishoma pane zvavanotaura zvekushambadzira uye zvakanyanya pamaitiro avo ekugadzirisa matambudziko. Vane iwo akadzama maitiro mapepa ebasa rega rega? Vanogona here kutsanangura chikonzero nei vakasarudza imwe saizi yekudyisa kana tembiricha yekudira? Vanonyora zvakatsauka uye mhedzisiro? Mudiwa ane hunyanzvi, senge akatsanangurwa musumo ane makumi matatu emakore ekutarisa shell mold casting, Investment casting, uye kugadzira, kazhinji kune chirango ichi chakadzika midzi. Webhusaiti yavo, tsngtaocnc.com, zvinoratidzira pakufara uku kwekugona, izvo zvinoratidza kuti vakafanirwa kugadzirisa huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinetso zvehunyanzvi mumaitiro akasiyana uye zvinhu, kubva simbi yakakandwa uye simbi kune avo special alloys.
Pakupedzisira, kubudirira ductile iron casting ndeye kudzorwa kuenderana uye kugadzirisa ruzivo. Iko hakuna nzira imwechete chaiyo, iyo chete nzira inoburitsa ruzha, inoshanda chikamu cheyakapihwa dhizaini, mukati memutengo, uye nenguva. Inyanzvi inotsigirwa nesainzi, uye ndiko kuunganidzwa kwezvidzidzo zvidiki, zvakaoma-kuhwina-kazhinji kubva pakukundikana-zvinoparadzanisa nheyo ine hunyanzvi kubva kune yakavimbika zvechokwadi. Chinangwa chinogara chiri chekuita kuti hurongwa huve hunofungidzirwa, saka kuita kwekukanda mumaoko emutengi hakumbopokana.
