Paunonzwa 'gravity casting', vanhu vazhinji, kunyangwe vamwe vari mukutengesa, vanofananidza kudururwa kuri nyore. Ingorereka ladle uye rega simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi riite basa, handiti? Ndiko kunyanya kurerutsa. Hazvisi zvekuva wekare; ndezvekutonga. Hunyanzvi chaihwo - uye musoro - uri mukugadzirisa magetsi ekupisa uye dhizaini yekugadzira kuti uwane ruzha rwekukanda pasina kumanikidzwa kubatsira. Ndakaona mabasa akawanda akamhanyiswa apo simbi inotaridzika zvakanaka pamusoro, asi chimiro chemukati chakashata, chinotungamira mukutadza kudzika mutsara. Iyo nzira inoda kushivirira uye kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwemaitiro alloy yako chaiyo sezvainotonhora pasina chimwe chinhu kunze kwehuremu hwayo.
Iyo Core Nheyo uye Painokwana
Mumoyo make, giravhiti kukanda inguva yekusingaperi mold process. Iwe une mold inogona kushandiswa zvakare, kazhinji simbi kana simbi, uye unovimba nesimba rinokwevera pasi kuzadza gomba. Hapana pombi, hapana high pressure. Izvi zvinozvisiyanisa kubva kune-high-pressure die casting pakarepo. Kuzadza kunononoka, kunowedzera laminar kana iwe ukawana zvakanaka. Ndiyo kiyi yezvimwe zvinhu. Semuenzaniso, nemamwe aruminiyamu alloys kana mamwe emhangura-yakavakirwa, mhirizhonga yekuzadza inogona kubata maokisi uye gasi, ichigadzira nzvimbo dzisina simba. Kudururira giravhiti, kana gating system yakagadzirwa nemazvo, inogona kuderedza izvozvo.
Asi haisi imwe-saizi-inokodzera-yese mhinduro. Rinopenya papi? Kune yepakati-vhoriyamu inomhanya yezvikamu zvinoda zvirinani zvemuchina pane izvo zvaunowanzo tora kubva ku-high-pressure die casting. Funga zvinhu zvemotokari senge maoko ekumisa, mamwe mabhuraketi einjini, kana hombe dzimba. Kusimba kunononoka pasi pesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi kunogona kutungamirira kune denser, shoma porous chimiro. Nekudaro, iyo yekutengeserana inguva yekutenderera uye mutengo wepamberi weiyo yakanaka, inogara inogara mold. Iko kuverenga: iko kutendeseka kwepamusoro kwechikamu kucharuramisa chiyero chinononoka chekugadzira kana uchienzaniswa nekukandira kufa?
Ndinorangarira purojekiti yepombi yepombi, chimiro chakaomarara chine hukobvu hwakasiyana-siyana. Mutengi pakutanga aida kufa casting for speed. Takaitirana nharo giravhiti kukanda mune semi-simbi mold. Nharo yacho yaive yekurarama kwenguva refu. Die casting ingadai yakakurumidza, asi mukana we micro-porosity muzvikamu zvakakora yaive njodzi yemudziyo wekumanikidza. Takamhanya prototypes nzira mbiri. Iyo gravity-cast chikamu, mushure mekugadzira, yakaratidza kutendeseka kunoenderana mukumanikidza kuyedzwa. Iyo die-cast imwe yaive neyakakura chirahwe mwero nekuda kwekudonha. Kuzadzwa kunononoka ikoko uye kusimba kwakananga kwakaita mutsauko.
Dhiyabhorosi mune Zvinyorwa: Mold Dhizaini uye Thermal Management
Apa ndipo panopinda 'ruoko rwemhizha', nanhasi. Iyo mold dhizaini yekukanda giravhiti ndizvo zvese. Genhi—kuti simbi inopinda sei mugomba—haisi mugero chete; iyo inodziya uye hydraulic control system. Iwe unofanirwa kuigadzira kuti uderedze mhirizhonga asiwo kuve nechokwadi kuti zvikamu zvakakora zvakadyiswa nemazvo sezvo simbi inodzikira. Ndapedza maawa ndiine kuyerera simulation software, kungofanira kushandura iyo chaiyo mold zvakadaro nekuti iyo software yemhando yezvinhu yanga isina kukwana kune yedu chaiyo batch yealloy.
Zvadaro pane tembiricha ye mold. Iyi ihondo inogara iripo. Kunyanya kutonhora, uye simbi inotonhora zvakanyanya, zvichitungamira kune mistruns kana kutonhora kuvhara. Kunyanya kupisa, uye iwe unoisa panjodzi yekutengesa (iyo yekukanda inonamatira kune mold), inononoka kutenderera, uye gorosi, isina kusimba chimiro. Unovandudza rhythm. Mwaya, dira, tonhorera, bvisa, pfapfaidza zvakare. Rudzi rwejasi rekufa raunoshandisa-ceramic-based spray-inobata kubviswa kwekupisa uye kusunungurwa. Kuita kuti zvienderane kune unyanzvi kupfuura sainzi dzimwe nguva. Kambani ine iyi pasi pat, senge Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), anoshandisa makumi emakore eruzivo urwu rwakadzikama. Iwe unogona kuzviona mukuenderana kwekukanda kwavo. Vave vari paizvi kwemakore anopfuura makumi matatu (https://www.tsingtaocnc.com), uye chiitiko ichocho chinoturikira zvakananga mumabatiro avanoita mold thermal cycles muzvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, kubva kusimbi yakakandwa kusvika kune nickel-based alloys.
Kukundikana kwakandidzidzisa zvakawanda kwaive neruwoko-runotaridzika serutsigiro mune ductile iron. Iyo mold design yaitaridzika sebhuku. Asi isu takaramba tichiwana shrinkage porosity mune yakakosha inotakura-inotakura hub. Takaedza kuwedzera tembiricha yekudurura, tichiwedzera risers ... hapana chakashanda. Pakupedzisira, mumwe mugadziri wechikuru akakurudzira kuti tiise pini diki, ine high-conductivity yecopper mumadziro eforoma akatarisana nenzvimbo ine dambudziko. Yakanga isiri mune chero bhuku rataive naro. Yakamanikidza nzvimbo iyoyo kuti isimbise kutanga, ichinangisa kuderera kudzokera kumusimu. Dambudziko ragadziriswa. Chakanga chiri chidzidzo chehutsinye mukudzora kupisa kwenzvimbo.
Zvisarudzo Zvokunyama Nezvinogumira
Gravity casting inochinjika, asi kwete zvachose. Aluminium uye magnesium alloys zvakajairika, kazhinji nekuda kwekunaka kwemvura. Mamwe mabhurosi nemabhuronzi anodurura zvinoyevedza. Cast iron nesimbi zvinoitwawo kuburikidza negiravhiti maitiro, kunyangwe kazhinji mujecha mould kwete zvechigarire simbi mold nekuda kwekupisa kwazvo kwekudurura, izvo zvinoparadza simbi mold nekukurumidza. Paunotarisa nyanzvi yakaita seQSY, hunyanzvi hwavo hunotambanuka mold uye kuisa mari padivi pezvavanogona kuita. Izvi zviri kutaura. Kukanda kwegiravhiti muzviumbwa zvechigarire chimwe chishandiso. Kune epamusoro-tembiricha alloys kana zvisingaite yakaoma geometries, ivo vanogona kuchinjika kune yekudyara kukanda. Sarudzo inogara ichitungamirwa nemaitiro echinyorwa uye chikamu chekupedzisira chinodiwa.
Kuganhurirwa nekusingaperi mold giravhiti kukanda ichokwadi nezve kushivirira kweiyo mold pakupisa. Hausi kuzodira simbi yakanyungudutswa isina simbi pa1500°C+ muforoma yesimbi yadzokororwa-inozonyungudika nekudzikira nekukurumidza. Saka, kune izvo chaizvo-yakanyanya-yakanyungudika-point zvinhu, iwe unoona kuenda kune imwe-off ceramic shell molds (investment) kana jecha mold, uko mold inobairwa. Iyo 'giravhiti' musimboti ungangoshanda mukudurura, asi mold system yakasiyana. Uyu ndiwo mutsauko wakakosha unowanzo kutariswa.
Takaedza kamwe necobalt-based alloy chikamu. Mutengi aida kupfeka kuramba asi aitarisira kuumbwa kwechigarire kwemutengo. Kutongwa kwacho kwakanga kwakaipa. Kunyangwe nemachira epamusoro eceramic, kuvhunduka kwekupisa pasimbi yekuumbwa kwaive nenjodzi mushure mekudururwa kushoma. Isu taifanira kudzoka tokurudzira nzira chaiyo yekudyara mari, yavakazoshandisa. Iwe unofanirwa kuziva miganhu yemaitiro.
Iko Kubatanidzwa neMachining: A Seamless Flow
Kanenge hapana chikamu chegiravhiti-chakakandwa chinopedzwa sekukandwa. Iwe unofanirwa kugadzira zviso zvakakosha, kuboora maburi, kuwedzera tambo. Apa ndipo panofanirwa kugadzirwa maitiro ekukanda machining mupfungwa. Consistency ndiye mambo kune machinist. Kana maitiro ako ekukandira achipa misiyano muukobvu hwemadziro kana mavara akaoma kubva pakutonhodza zvisina kuenzana, unopisa nematurusi uye kuwana dimensional scatter. Kufamba zvakanaka giravhiti kukanda hurongwa hunofanirwa kuburitsa zvinofanotaurwa, yunifomu stock allowance.
Iyi ndiyo mukana weiyo vertical integrated operation. Kambani inoita zvese kukanda uye CNC machining pasi pedenga remba, seQSY, ine mhinduro loop iyo yakakosha. Chikwata chekugadzira chinoudza muvambi kana imwe lug ichigara yakaoma, kana kana datum face iine misiyano yakawandisa. Iyo foundry inogona ipapo kugadzirisa kutonhora kwe mold kana kudirana kutevedzana. Iko kubatanidzwa uku kunoshandura kukanda kwakanaka kuita chinhu chakavimbika, chakanyatsojeka. Webhusaiti yavo (https://www.tsingtaocnc.com) inosimbisa kubatana uku-haisi rondedzero yemasevhisi chete; itsanangudzo yeakabatana kugadzira kuyerera.
Ini ndinorangarira batch yealuminium housings uko machining goho rakangoerekana radonha. Iwo machinists aigunun'una nezvekukurumidza kupfeka kwemidziyo pane imwe nzvimbo yemukati. Kuumbwa kwacho kwairatidzika zvakanaka. Isu takaitsvaga ichidzokera kune shanduko mune die coat spray pattern. Yakanga ichikonzera kuti nzvimbo ye mold iite inotonhorera zvishoma, ichigadzira yakatsetseka, yakaoma microstructure pachiso icho chekukanda. Kugadziriswa kudiki kune nzira yerobhoti yekupfapfaidza yakagadzirisa. Pasina zvikwata zvekukanda uye zvekugadzira kutaura zuva nezuva, iyo nyaya ingadai yakakwevera mberi kwemavhiki.
Misungo Yakajairika uye Nzira Yokuidzivisa
Kupfuura zvinhu zvehunyanzvi, pane zvibodzwa zvinoshanda. Imwe iri kunyanya kuomesa mold kuti kuderedze machining. Dzimwe nguva zvakachipa kukanda chimiro chakareruka uye muchina kure nesimbi yakawanda pane kuvaka nekuchengetedza mold yakaoma kunzwisisa ine macores asina kusimba. Imwe ndeyekuregeredza chirongwa chekugadzirisa mold. Mitswe, kukukurwa kwemagedhi, bhachi rakavakwa—izvi zvishoma nezvishoma zvinoderedza kunaka. Unoda chirongwa chakasimba chekuongorora nekugadzirisa.
Gomba guru, mukuona kwangu, kurapa giravhiti kukanda se 'yakaderera-tech' sarudzo uye nekudaro pasi-kudyara mukugadzirisa maitiro. Monitoring inodurura tembiricha nenzira kwayo, kudzora tembiricha ye mold, uchishandisa mhando yakanaka, inopindirana yekuchaja zvinhu - idzi hadzisi nzvimbo dzekucheka makona. Maitiro egiravhiti anoregerera mune dzimwe nzira, asi anoranga kusaenderana nehasha. Hurema hunogona kusaratidza kusvika kuyedzwa kwekupedzisira kana, zvakanyanya, mumunda.
Pakupedzisira, kutaurirana nemugadziri kwakakosha. Iwe kazhinji unofanirwa kuvadzidzisa pamusoro pemakona ekudhirowa, optimal madziro ukobvu shanduko, uye kukosha kwezvikamu zvakafanana zveichi chiitiko. Dhizaini yakakwana yekugadzira kana kugadzira inogona kunge inotyisa kukanda zvinonzwika. Kubatanidzwa kwekutanga ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekudzivisa chirongwa chine dambudziko. Ndezvekugadza zvinotarisirwa zvinotarisirwa zvichibva pafizikisi yesimbi inoyerera nekusimba pasi pehuremu hwayo—pfungwa iri nyore inonyengera iyo, mukuita, inoda ruzivo rwakadzama kuti ugone.
