Ngativei vakatendeseka, apo vanhu vazhinji vanonzwa kuumbwa kwemhando yepamusoro, vanofananidzira chikamu chisina mhosva, chinopenya chichibuda muforoma, chagadzirira kutakurwa. Ndiko kurota kwekutengesa. Chokwadi, kugaya kwezuva nezuva, nhaurirano yenguva dzose pakati peiyo yakanaka geometry pamuenzaniso weCAD uye fizikisi yakasindimara yesimbi yakanyungudutswa. Hazvisi zvekungoshivirira kwakasimba; ndezvekufungidzira, kudzokororwa kwakasimba kushivirira kune batch ye50 kana 5000, kunyanya kana uchinge uchibata neakaomarara emukati machanera kana akatetepa-akakomberedzwa zvikamu izvo zvinoita kuti machinist dikita. Vatengi vazhinji vanouya vachifunga kuti ingori nani vhezheni yekukanda jecha, asi gaka mukutonga kwemaitiro, hunhu hwezvinhu, uye kugadzirisa-kumashure kwakafanana nemukaha.
Iyo Core Yechokwadi: Ihurongwa, Kwete Nhanho
Yechokwadi yakakwirira chaiyo yekukanda, zvirinani mukuona kwangu, inotanga nguva refu choto chisati chadzingwa. Yakadzika midzi mukutanga maitiro ekusarudza. Kwatiri, izvo zvinowanzoreva kukanda mari kana kukanda goko. Sarudzo haina kungopokana. Kana chikamu chine yakadzika, yemukati-inopindazve makona kana ichida se-yakakandwa pamusoro pekupedzisira zvirinani pane Ra 6.3, kukanda mari kunowanzo ndiyo yega nzira inoshanda. Asi ndakaona mapurojekiti achitadza nekuti sarudzo iyi yakaitwa papepa rekushivirira pasina kufunga nezve alloy. A high-nickel alloy, semuenzaniso, inoita zvakasiyana zvachose panguva yekusimba mugomba receramic kana ichienzaniswa nekabhoni simbi-zvinodiwa zvekudyisa, njodzi yekubvarura inopisa, ivo vari pane imwe nhanho.
Apa ndipo panonyanya kukosha makore makumi matatu ekushanda kwekambani yakaita seQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY). Haisi bheji pawebhusaiti; iyo yakaunganidzwa, ingangoita intuitive raibhurari iyo alloys inotamba zvakanaka nemaitiro api. Iwe unogona kuverenga nezve shrinkage rate ye17-4PH simbi isina tsvina, asi kuziva maitiro ekugadzirisa gating system kuti igare iyo shrinkage pane turbine blade imba, zvichibva pabasa rakafanana kubva makore mashanu apfuura, ndiko kurongeka chaiko. Kutarisa kwavo pane alloys akakosha, senge cobalt uye nickel-based, haisi runyorwa rwezvinhu; zvinoreva kuti vangangove vakarwa uye kugadzirisa nyaya dzekukanganisa dziri mune izvo zvemhando yepamusoro zvinhu.
Rutivi rwekugadzira, iyo CNC yekubatanidza yavanodudza, haina kutaurirana. Chero ani zvake anoti chokwadi chechokwadi chepamusoro pasina mukati-mumba machining ari kuburitsa chikamu chakakosha. Sei? Nekuti yako datum maficha anofanirwa kugadzirwa mune imwechete setup inoenderana neyakakandirwa geometry. Kana iwe ukakanda flange ine ± 0.2mm kushivirira pane bhaudhi denderedzwa, wozoitumira kune yechitatu-bato muchina shopu inoisungazve, iwe warasa dzinza reiyo chaiyo. Iko kugona kuenda kubva kugomba mold kana investimendi yekukanda yakananga kune CNC chigayo munzvimbo inodzorwa ndiyo inosimbisa iyo dimensional kutendeseka.
Iko iyo Theory Inosangana ne (Dzimwe nguva Messy) Chokwadi
Mhosva inonamira neni yaisanganisira manifold eiyo hydraulic test rig. Iwo madhizaini anodaidzira akabatana mavhesi emukati ane dhayamita ye12mm, anoshivirira pa ± 0.1mm, mu316 isina tsvina. Pabepa, rinogoneka nekukandira kwekudyara kwakanyanya. Iyo CAD modhi yaive yakakwana. Iwo ekutanga prototypes akabuda achitaridzika zvakanaka, asi panguva yekumanikidzwa kuyedzwa, takave nekuvuza. Kwete njodzi, asi seep. Mupari wemhosva? Kwete iyo yakakura dhayamita yakaboora, asi yakavanzika, isingaite-ku-kuyera kutsauka mukutwasanuka kweiyo 150mm-yakareba chiteshi chemukati, zvichikonzerwa nekuchinja kweminiti kweceramic core panguva yekudira. Iyo chaiyo yaivepo mumatanho akamira, asi kwete mukurongeka.
Isu takazvigadzirisa, asi kwete nekuvandudza zvemashiripiti kushivirira kwekukanda. Ndiko kwainge kwatova pamagumo. Iyo gadziriso yaive yekudyidzana dhizaini nemutengi: isu takawedzera zvishoma saizi yezita uye takatsanangura kuvhiya basa rekukanda-kukanda kwenzvimbo dzakakosha chisimbiso. Kukandira kwakatiita 95% ipapo nekudzikisira kukuru kuomarara (hapana chikonzero chekudhiraivha nekuvhara mharadzano dzakawanda), uye machining chaiwo akapedza basa. Iyi ndiyo inoshanda symbiosis. Zvakandidzidzisa kuti kudhirowa kwepamusoro kunowanzo kuve nezve kuziva kuti maitiro echisikigo ari papi uye kugadzira mamwe maoparesheni ekuzadzisa, kwete kurwisa.
Chimwe chinoshanda chemusoro chinodikanwa chekuzora. Zvakawanda zvekufungidzira zvinoda kutaridzika kunge-kukanda kutaridzika kwepamusoro-kuonekwa zvinhu. Asi kusakwana kunorevei? Iko mari shoma yekukanda mameseji inogamuchirwa here? Ko mutsara wekupatsanura wakapfava kubva mugoko wakakanganisika here? Takadzidza kugadzira mabhodhi emuenzaniso emuviri ane mazinga akasiyana ehunhu hunogamuchirika hwepamusoro-chibvumirano chekuona nemutengi. Iyo inodzivirira iyo inorwadza mushure-yekuburitsa kupokana uko chikamu chinoshanda chakakwana asi chinorambwa pane inomiririra aesthetic kufona. Zvinhu izvi hazvisi mumabhuku ekuverenga.
Material ndiyo Wild Card
Kushanda neakakosha alloys QSY rondedzero, senge nickel-yakavakirwa, inoparadzanisa yakajairika kubva kune yakazvipira. Zvinhu izvi zvine fluidity inotyisa zvichienzaniswa nesimbi dzakajairwa. Iwe unofunga kuti wakagadzira yakakwana gating sisitimu yechikamu chitete, asi simbi inongoda kuomesa nechando zvakanyanya, zvichitungamira kune inotonhora kuvhara kana mis-runs. Iyo chaiyo inokundikana kwete kubva mukukanganisa kwedimensional, asi kubva kune isina kukwana chikamu. Iyo workaround inowanzo sanganisira kupisa simbi kupfuura zvakajairwa uye kushandisa yakawanda inopisa mold preheats, iyo inozounza matambudziko ayo ega nekukura kwezviyo uye inogona kuitika pamusoro peiyo ceramic shell. Icho chiitiko chekuenzanisa uko kupinza kwemetallurgist kwakakosha seyemugadziri weinjiniya.
Musungo Wekuyera
Iwe haugone kutaura chokwadi usina kuzvisimbisa, uye ndiro gomba rayo retsuro. Mhosva yakajairika ndeyekupima. Kuisa CMM probe pane imwe neimwe nzvimbo yekukandira yakaoma inodhura uye inotora nguva. Kiyi yekuona iyo yakakosha-ku-basa (CTF) maficha-kazhinji nzvimbo dzekubatanidza, nzvimbo dzakabhowa, uye nemadziro chaiwo makobvu-uye kutarisa kuyerwa kweprotocol ipapo. Kune mamwe, asina-akakosha aesthetic nzvimbo, nyore go/no-go geji kana kunyange cheki yekuona yakakwana. Ndapambadza mazuva ndichigadzira mishumo yekuongorora yakawandisa isina munhu akashandisa, apo bepa repeji rimwe rinoratidza data reCTF ringadai rakanyanya kukosha. Precision inofanirwa kuve inoshanda kuti ikwanise kutengeserana.
Izvi zvinoenderana nekuve nekubatanidza machining. Kazhinji, yekutanga machining pass pane datum pamusoro ndiyo inonyanya kuratidza yekuongorora. Iwe unotora 0.2mm yakagurwa kumeso kunokwira uye wobva waona kana iyo porosity kana shrinkage iri mukati mekubvumidzwa kwakafanotaurwa. Inguva-chaiyo mhinduro iyo yakamira yakazvimirira haiwani kusvika mavhiki gare gare, apo chikamu chakarambwa chinodzoka kubva kuchitoro chemuchina wemutengi.
Saka, Chii Chaizvo Chinotengeswa?
Mushure mezvose izvi, chii chauri kutenga nehupamhi hwekukanda maitiro? Iwe hausi kungotenga chikamu chine nhamba dzakasimba. Iwe uri kutenga yakaderedzwa yakazara chikamu mutengo kune yakaoma geometries. Iwe uri kutenga kutendeseka kwezvinhu muchidimbu chimwe chete chaizove chakasungwa kana kuunganidzwa kubva kune akawanda makina mabhururu. Iwe uri kutenga inotungamira nguva yekuchengetedza nekubvisa 80% yemachining stock. Uye uri kutenga zvakaunganidzwa nemutengesi kutonga- kugona kwavo kutarisa kudhirowa uye woti, Iyi radius yakanyanya kupinza kune alloy yawatsanangura, ichagadzira chinosimudzira kushushikana; ngatiigadzirise kuti iite X, kana Tinogona kubata iyo kushivirira, asi ichapeta mutengo; nzvimbo iyi iri kunyatsopindirana nechimwe chikamu here?
Tichitarisa pachiyero cheanopa, sezviri kutsanangurwa pazviri Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology's nzvimbo (https://www.tsingtaocnc.com), kusanganiswa kwemaitiro ekukanda chaiwo, hunyanzvi hwezvinhu, uye mukati meimba CNC machining ndiyo humbowo hunobatika hwekugona ikoko. Iyo inoratidza setup yakagadzirirwa kubata iyo kukosha kwese cheni yekugadzira chaiyo chikamu, kwete chete chinongedzo mune yakakamurwa uye kukanganisa-inokonzeresa cheni. Muedzo chaiwo, nguva dzose, uri muchikamu cheprototyping. Ndiko uko dzidziso, iyo webhusaiti inodaidzira, uye makumi emakore ezviitiko zvinouya pamwechete muchikamu chinoshanda kana kupunzika. Iko hakuna kuvanza mushumo yekuongorora-chinyorwa chekutanga.
Mukupedzisira, yakakwira chaiyo kukanda tekinoroji yakakura, inobatsira zvinoshamisa, asi haisi mashiripiti. Imhizha inotsigirwa nesainzi uye yakawanda yekugadzirisa matambudziko. Mhedzisiro yakanakisa inouya kubva mukuibata sedhizaini yekudyidzana uye kudyidzana kwekugadzira kubva kune yekutanga sketch, kwete sechinhu dema-bhokisi rekutenga chiitiko. Iko kurongeka kwakawanda mukukurukurirana uye kuronga sezvazviri musimbi pachayo.
