Kana mumwe munhu akataura zvidimbu zvemhando yepamusoro, pfungwa zhinji dzinosvetuka dzakananga kushiviriro dzakasimba pakudhirowa. ± 0.005mm, Ra 0.4, iyo mhando yezvinhu. Ndizvo zviri pamusoro. Hurukuro chaiyo, iyo inoitika pauriri hwechitoro kana panguva yekuridza runhare kwemutengesi, ndeye zvese zvinoitika kutenderera nepakati penhamba idzodzo. Iri nezve kugadzikana-kwete chete yemuchina, asi yezvinhu, maitiro, uye kunyangwe nharaunda pamusoro pekugadzirwa kwezviuru gumi zvezvidimbu. Ndiko uko kurongeka kwetioretical kunosangana neiyo gritty chaiyo yekuwedzera kupisa, kupfeka kwezvishandiso, uye kusawirirana kusinganzwisisike mubatch yesimbi isina simbi bar stock. Vatengi vazhinji, kunyanya avo vatsva mukutsvaga, vanogadzirisa painoshivirira callout seye chete metric yemhando. Ndiyo yekutanga, uye kazhinji inodhura zvakanyanya, kusanzwisisa.
Nheyo: Inotanga neKusina
Iwe haugone kunyatso gadzira muchikamu kana iyo yekutanga geometry iri chakavanzika. Apa ndipo panowanikwa synergy pakati pekukanda uye machining isingagone kutaurirana. Ndakaona mapurojekiti achikundikana nekuti nzvimbo yakashongedzwa zvakanaka yakaratidza porosity pazasi, hurema hwakazvarwa muchikamu chekukanda mavhiki apfuura. Chokwadi yakakwirira-chaiyo zvikamu, iyo machining blueprint inongova chiito chekupedzisira. Chiito chekutanga chiri kugadzira inofanotaurwa, yakakora, uye yakagadzikana padyo-neti-chimiro. Ichi ndicho chikonzero makambani anodzora zvese kukanda uye kugadzira pasi pedenga rimwe, senge Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ivai nemupendero wakasiyana. Makumi matatu avo emugoko uye kukanda mari kunoreva kuti vanonzwisisa maitiro einjiniya isina chinhu - hwaro - hwemachining anotevera. Zviri pamusoro pekugadzira maitiro ekukanda kuti aderedze kushushikana kwakasara uye nekupa kusimba kwemadziro, saka kana chikamu charova CNC, hachisi kurwisa nemauto emukati ari kuyedza kuiputira sezvo zvinhu zvabviswa.
Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu pano kwakakosha, uye hazvisi zvekupedzisira zvivakwa. Tiri kutaura nezve machinability. Iyo yepamusoro-inoshanda nickel-based alloy inogona kutsanangurwa nekuda kwekupisa kwayo, asi maitiro ayo-kuomesa basa anogona kushandura kuchera kuri nyore kuita kutyisa kwezvishandiso zvakaputsika uye gomba geometry. Kurongeka hakungori muchikamu chekupedzisira; iri mukukwanisa kufanofungidzira uye kudzokorodza kuwana iyo dimension kuburikidza nekuita kwese kwekucheka. Dzimwe nguva, iyo nhaurirano inofanirwa kudzokera kune dhizaini injinjini: Tinogona kubata uku kushivirira, asi isu tafunga iyi imwe alloy ine zvimiro zvakafanana asi nani machining kugadzikana? Inogona kuchengetedza 30% pamutengo wekushandisa uye kugadzirisa batch kuenderana. Ndiko kuita, pa-pasi-pasi kutonga kudanwa.
Ndinoyeuka chikamu chevharuvhu yehydraulic, diki manifold mu ductile iron. Iyo spec yaive yakasimba pane bore concentricity. Iwo mabheti ekutanga kubva kune yakajairwa foundry sosi aive munzvimbo yese mushure mekugadzira. Nyaya yacho? Micro-shrinkage mukukanda iyo yakanga isingaonekwe pamusoro asi yakagadzira kuoma kusina kuenzana. Mucheki wacho aizotsauka zvishoma, zvisingatarisirwi. Mhinduro yacho yanga isiri fancier CNC; yakanga iri kudzokorora gedhi uye sisitimu yekusimudza muforoma yekukanda kuti ive nechokwadi chekusimba kwekwakananga. Ndirwo rudzi rwemudzi-chikonzero basa rinoparadzanisa vanogadzira zvikamu kubva kune chaiyo vabatsiri. QSY kumashure, kutenderera shell mold casting ku CNC machining, inogadzirirwa kugadzirisa matambudziko aya akabatana.
Iyo Machining Dhanzi: Kusimba, Kudzora Kutonga, uye kuyerwa
Zvakanaka, une blank yakanaka. Iye zvino padanho munhu wese anoona: iyo machining centre. Pano, kunyatsoita kutamba pakati pekuoma, kugadzikana kwemafuta, uye metrology. Zvinonzwika sechinhu chakakosha, asi muvengi mukuru kupisa. Spindle kupisa, axis drive kupisa, ambient tembiricha inoshanduka, kunyangwe kupisa kunobva mukuzvicheka. Kune chikamu chinoda micron-level kurongeka, kumhanyisa muchina muchitoro chine 10°C swing pakati pehusiku nemasikati haisi yekutanga. Unoswera uchidzingirira muswe. Ndanga ndiri munzvimbo dzavaifanira kushandisa kudzora mamiriro ekunze kune imwe sero chaiyo vasati vatombotanga kutaura nezve kubata chegumi.
Zvadaro pane tool management. Haisi yekungoshandisa maturusi ekutanga. Ndezvemaitiro akarangwa ekutevera hupenyu hwematurusi uye kutarisira kupfeka isati yadonha kubva kune yakatarwa. Kwenguva refu yezvikamu, isu tinogona kuronga diki dhizaini kugadzirisa panguva yakatarwa, zvichibva pane zvakaitika kare data reiyo chaiyo-chishandiso musanganiswa. Ndiko kururamisa kwakasimba. The set it uye kuikanganwa iyo mentality inovimbisa zvimedu. Apa ndipo pane chiitiko chemushandisi-manzwiro uye ziso-zvichiri kukosha, kunyangwe nemitsara yakazara. Kunzwa kushanduka kushoma muruzha rwakachekwa, kuona rumwe ruvara rwechipi kana chimiro, zvinogona kukonzeresa kuongororwa kwekutanga uye kudzivirira batch rese kuti risaende kudivi.
Uye kuyerwa. Chirevo chekare chausingayere ivhangeri. Asi hazvisi zvekuva neCMM chete. Ndezvekuyera zano. Iwe unotarisa chekutanga-chikamu, chekupedzisira-chikamu, uye sampuli isina kurongeka pakati? Ndeipi gage yako R&R? Icho chikamu chinodzikamiswa nekushisa kune tembiricha yekamuri usati waiyera here? Ndakaita nharo nevaongorori vemhando vakayera chikamu chitsva kubva pamushini, chichidziya kusvika pakubata, uye ndokuchimisa sekunze kwekushivirira. Awa imwe gare gare, pa20 ° C, yakanga iri panzvimbo. Iyo nzira inofanirwa kuzvidavirira kune izvi. Kune akanyanya kuomesesa maficha, dzimwe nguva mu-kuita kuongorora chaiko pamushini wemuchina ndiyo chete nzira yekutsiva aya chaiwo-nguva akasiyana.
Iyo Special Alloys Wild Card
Apa ndipo panowanikwa zvinhu zvinonakidza, uye kazhinji zvinodhura. Cobalt-based kana nickel-based alloys dzakatarwa kunharaunda dzakanyanyisa dzinounza matambudziko avo ega kumutambo chaiwo. Simba ravo uye kusadzivirirwa nekuora kunouya pamutengo wekuva mhuka dzakakwana kumichina. Vanoshanda-vakaomesa nekukurumidza, vane hutsinye, uye vanofarira kubata kupisa pamucheto chaiwo.
Kururamisa muchirevo chechinyorwa chino kunochinja kubva pakutonga kwejometri chete kuti kusanganise kuperera kwepasi. Iwe unogona kushina chikamu kusvika pachiyero chakakwana, asi kana iwe wakakonesa madiki madiki kana tensile stress layer pamusoro kuburikidza neasina kucheka maparamita, chikamu chinotadza nguva isati yakwana mubasa. Iyo chaiyo iri mu subsurface mamiriro. Izvi zvinoda chaiwo maturusi ejiometri (akapinza, akakwenenzverwa mipendero), akaomesesa setups kudzivirira kutaura, uye kazhinji, yakaderera yekucheka kumhanya neakakwira mareti ekudya - nzira inopesana-inonzwisisika yevazhinji machinist vanoshandiswa simbi. Inotonhorera application inova yakakosha; haisi yekutonhodza chete, asi kuzora nekubatsira kubvisa machipisi vasati vachekazve nekukuvadza pamusoro.
Takashanda pachikamu cheturbine seal mune nickel alloy. Iyo flatness uye parallelism specs yaive yakasimba zvakanyanya. Kuedza kwekutanga, uchishandisa yakajairwa carbide kuisa, yakaramba ichikundikana pakudzikama. Chikamu chacho chaive chakatetepa-madziro uye masimba ekucheka, kunyangwe ari madiki, aikonzeresa kukwana kwelastic deformation panguva yekugadzira zvekuti yaizodzoka shure zvisina kuenzana. Mhinduro yacho yaive nzira ine-matanho akawanda: roughing, kushushikana-kuzorodza kupisa kurapwa, ipapo semi-kupedzisa, kuteverwa nekupedzisira kupedza kupasa uchishandisa wiper yekuisa ine yakanyanyisa kuchekwa, ingangoita skimming pass, kuchenesa pasina kuunza kushushikana kutsva. Yakanga iri nzira inononoka, inodhura, asi ndiyo chete nzira yekuwana kunyatsogadzikana. Iyi ndiyo nuance inorasika mune iri nyore RFQ.
Kukundikana uye Zvidzidzo Zvavanoveza
Iwe haudzidzi nemazvo kubva munyaya dzebudiriro chete. Iwe unozvidzidza kubva mukuputsika, mabhini ezvimedu, uye mutengi anodzoka. Imwe yekutanga, chidzidzo chinorwadza chaisanganisira batch yeStainless simbi inonzwa dzimba. Dzaive dzakapfava dzakachinjika zvidimbu zvine chigayo chakakwana. Vakapasa ongororo yekupedzisira zvakanaka. Kwapera mwedzi, mutengi akataura kutadza-iyo slots yakawedzera zvishoma, zvichikonzera kusarongeka kwema sensor. Takavhiringika.
Mupari wemhosva? Kusarira kushushikana kubva kune yekutanga bar stock uye yedu machining kutevedzana. Isu takanga tashandura iyo OD uye ID, tichibva tamisa slot, iyo yakaburitsa yakakiyiwa-mukati zvinonetsa uye yakabvumira chikamu kuti chikanganise nekufamba kwenguva, chiitiko chinonzi kushushikana kuzorora. Kurongeka kwatakayera pazuva rekutanga kwaive manyepo. Kugadzirisa kwaive kuchinja kurongeka kwekushanda uye kuwedzera kudzika-kupisa kwekushushikana kwekushushikana mushure mekugadzira machining, kusati kwatemwa kwekupedzisira. Yakawedzera nhanho uye mutengo, asi yakavimbisa chikamu chakaramba chiripo. Chiitiko ichocho chakashandura zvachose maonero atinoita hurongwa hwekugadzirisa. Hazvisi zvekumhanya zvakanyanya kana zvakanyanya kunzwisisika machining kutevedzana; iri pamusoro peiyo yakatsiga.
Imwe pfungwa yakajairika yekutadza kufunga kuti kudhirowa kwakanaka. Takambogamuchira modhi yeimba yakaoma aruminiyamu ine akawanda enzvimbo dzakakomba. Iyo yekushivirira stack-up yaive yehutsinye asi nefungidziro inogoneka. Mushure mekutamburira kurova zvigaro zvese panguva imwe chete, takagara pasi uye takatevedzera gungano rose. Zvakazoitika, mugadziri wepakutanga aive akamisa nzvimbo kubva kune akawanda datum nenzira yakagadzira kupokana-kurova imwe seti yekushivirira inovimbiswa kutyora imwe. Isu taifanira kudzokera kumutengi uye toita dzimwe nguva-inokatyamadza hurukuro yekumisikidza zvakare yekutanga inoshanda datums. Chidzidzo: kurongeka kwechokwadi kunoda kubatana uye dzimwe nguva kupikisa dhizaini kuti iite kugadzirwa. A akanaka mudiwa akafanana QSY haizongorevi bofu mashoko anodhinda; ivo vanozoita muongororo yekugadzira, vachibvunza kuti sei kuseri kwekushivirira, kutsvaga nzira yakasimba yekusvika ikoko.
The Real Deliverable: Predictability
Saka, chii chatiri kutengesa chaizvo kana tichitaura nezvazvo yakakwirira-chaiyo zvikamu? Haisi chikamu chimwe chete chakayerwa zvakakwana murabhoritari. Zviri kufanotaura. Icho chivimbo chekuti chikamu chegumi mubatch ichaita zvakafanana kune yekutanga, uye kuti icharamba ichiita mumunda kwehupenyu hwayo hwainoda. Kufembera uku ndicho chigadzirwa chezvese zvakakurukurwa: inodzorwa hwaro maitiro (kukanda), nyanzvi machining nekuziva kwezvakatipoteredza, yakarangwa metrology, uye yakadzama ruzivo ruzivo.
Apa ndipo apo hupenyu hurefu hwemutengesi uye kugona kwakabatana kunobhadhara. Kambani yave kuburikidza neakawanda mabhizinesi kutenderera, senge 30-gore nhoroondo ye QSY, yakasangana nekugadzirisa matambudziko aya pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinhu kubva simbi yakakandwa kune alloys anokosha. Irwo ruzivo rwemasangano rwezvinogona kukanganisa rwakabikwa muhurongwa hwavo hwekuronga. Havasi kungotevera chirongwa; vari kutarisira mapinch points.
Pakupedzisira, kutsvaga kwekunyatsoita chirango chakazara. Inobatanidza choto kune bhenji rokupedzisa. Inoremekedza maitiro echinyorwa sekugona kwemuchina. Uye inonzwisisa kuti kushivirira kwakakosha kwezvose ndiko kushivirira kwekusava nechokwadi-iyo yaunoshanda zvakarongeka kubvisa, imwe inodzorwa shanduko panguva.
