Paunonzwa 'zvikamu zvine simba guru', pfungwa yekukurumidza inowanzosvetuka kusvika kunhamba dzakasimba papepa re data-UTS, inopa simba, zvichida kureba. Ndiko pekutangira, chokwadi, asi ndiko kune akawanda mapurojekiti, kunyanya kubva kune vatengi vatsva kune inorema indasitiri kana inoda maapplication, anokwidzwa. Ivo vanouya negiredhi rezvinhu, toti 4340 kana 17-4 PH, uye vofunga kuti kuita kwechikamu kwakavimbiswa. Icho chokwadi, icho chikamu chinotadza kana kubudirira pauriri hwechitoro kana mumunda, chinogadzirwa mukusangana kwakashata kwezvinhu, maitiro, uye dhizaini chinangwa. Haisi kungoti simbi chii, asi zvaunoita kwairi uye kuti unoiumba sei.
Nheyo: Inotanga neKukanda
Iwe haugone kugadzira musimba iro rakanga risipo pakutanga. Ndiwo mutemo wemakadhinari. Kwatiri, zvakawanda zveizvi yakakwirira-simba zvikamu tanga sekukanda. Tora shell mold casting-haisi kungoita chimiro. Kune hydraulic valve block kana pombi yepombi inoda kubata yakatsiga 5000+ PSI, kuvimbika kwekutanga kukanda ndiko zvese. Porosity haingori chikanganiso chepamusoro chaunogona kuchibvisa; iyo inokonzeresa yekushushikana yakamirira kutanga kutsemuka pasi pe cyclic kurodha. Takazviona. Chikamu chinopfuura ese static bvunzo, chobva chatadza mukuneta kuyedza mushure mezviuru zvishoma kutenderera. Mupari wemhosva? Idiki shrinkage mhango muchikamu chakakosha chemadziro, chisingaoneki kusvika wacheka chikamu chakavhurika. Ndicho chikonzero kudzora maitiro mu foundry hakusi muripo; ndiyo inishuwarenzi yehupenyu hwese hwesevhisi yechikamu.
Kukandira kwekudyara kunoita kuti iwe uswedere kune mambure chimiro nekupedza kurinani kwepamusoro, iyo yakanaka kune yakaoma geometries mukati yakakwirira-simba zvikamu kunge turbine blades kana impellers. Asi pano, iyo gating system dhizaini uye mwero wekutonhora unova iwo akakosha akasiyana. Tora kusimba kwekutevedzana kwakashata, uye iwe unounza kushushikana kwemukati kana microstructural kusawirirana uko hakuna huwandu hwekupisa kurapwa hunogona kugadzirisa zvizere. Hunyanzvi husina mano. Hausi kungodira simbi mugoko receramic; uri kutungamira kuti inoshanduka sei kubva pamvura kuenda kune yakasimba, tsanga nezviyo. Chimiro ichocho ndiro dombo resimba rayo.
Uye iyo alloys pachayo-iyi ndiyo iyo makore makumi matatu anouya. Zvinhu izvi hazvikanganwiri zvishoma. Zvavo high-simba zvinogona kukiyiwa kuseri kwakananga kupisa kurapwa protocol. Semuyenzaniso, ne17-4PH, musiyano uripo pakati peH900 neH1150 kushatirwa haungori mashoma ksi; iko kuchinjika kwakazara muprofile yeapp-imwe inofarira simba rakawanda, imwe iri nani kuramba corrosion uye kuoma. Kukurudzira isiriyo nekuti chiyero chikanganiso chekare. Iwe unofanirwa kubvunza: chii chiri kushanda nharaunda? Icho chakachena chemuchina mutoro, kana kuti pane kupisa bhasikoro, ngura, abrasion? Icho chinodiwa chepamusoro-simba hachimbofa chiri muvacuum.
Iyo Machining Dhanzi: Kubvisa Zvinhu Pasina Kukanganisa Kutendeseka
Iyi ndiyo nhanho apo kukanda kwakanaka kunova chikamu chikuru, kana kuparadzwa. CNC machining on yakakwirira-simba zvikamu haisi nyaya yakapusa yekumhanyisa chirongwa. Kusarira kushushikana mukukanda mbishi kana kufogirwa blank mepu yakavanzika. Tora kucheka kunorema munhevedzano isiriyo, uye unogona kudhonza chikamu kubva pachimiro paunenge uchichigadzira, kana zvakanyanya, kuunza kudzvanya kutsva kunozomuka gare gare panguva yekupisa kupisa. Isu takadzidza izvi nenzira yakaoma makore apfuura pane batch hombe ductile iron gear blanks. Akavagadzira zvakanaka, akavatuma. Vakadzoka mushure mekupisa, nekuda kwekushivirira nevashoma iwe pachibore. Kusununguka kwekunetseka kubva muchoto kunoita kuti zvinhu zviende kune imwe yakaenzana. Ikozvino, isu tinoshandisa hutsinye hwekutevedzana, kusiya masheya, uye kazhinji zvinosanganisira kutenderera-kuzorodza kutenderera kusati kwapfuura machining. Iyo inowedzera nhanho, asi inoponesa iyo batch yese.
Kusarudzwa kwechishandiso uye zano rinotonhorera rinove rakakosha nearoyi yakaoma. Kumhanyisa generic carbide inoisa pane cobalt-based alloy kuchapisa chishandiso mumaminetsi uye kushanda-kuomesa pamusoro, zvichiita kuti chinopfuura chiwedzere kuoma uye chinogona kukanganisa chimiro chepasi pevhu. Iwe unoda dzakaomarara setups, yakanaka rake geometries, dzimwe nguva kunyange CBN kana PCD maturusi. Uye chinotonhodza hachisi chekutonhodza chete; ndeyekubvisa chip. Mupendero wakavakirwa-kumusoro kana chip chip inogona kukanganisa pamusoro, ichigadzira imwe diki yekumanikidza inosimuka. Kune kambani yakaita seQSY, kuchengetedza raibhurari yakadzika yezvishandiso zvekushandisa uye paramita yezvinhu zvakasiyana-kubva simbi yakakandwa kuenda kuInconel - kwakakosha semichina pachayo. Irwo ruzivo rwakadzikama rwakavakwa kubva kuzviuru zvemaawa pasi, kwete kubva mubhuku. Iwe unogona kuwana mamwe emaitiro edu kune aya matambudziko akanyorwa mune zviitiko zvidzidzo pane yedu saiti pa https://www.tsingtaocnc.com.
Ipapo pane mubvunzo wezvimiro. Akapinza makona emukati muvengi we yakakwirira-simba zvikamu. Ndivo vakakwana stress concentrators. Isu tinopedza nguva yakawanda mukugadzirisa dhizaini, tichikurudzira kune rupo fillet radii, kunyangwe ikaomesa nzira yekushandisa. Dzimwe nguva mutengi weCAD modhi inoratidza yakanaka, yakapinza kona iyo ine theoretically inogoneka kuita muchina nediki kupera mill. Isu tinofanirwa kusundidzira kumashure: Iyo kona ndiyo ichave iyo yekukundikana. Ngatiiite radius, kunyangwe ingori R0.5mm. Inhaurirano yenguva dzose pakati pedhizaini yakanaka uye inogadzirwa, chokwadi chakavimbika.
Kurapa Kupisa: Iyo Alchemy yeSimba
Kana machining chiri chivezwa, kupisa kurapwa ndiyo tsika inouyisa kuhupenyu. Apa ndipo panowanikwa zvinhu zvakatsanangurwa. Uye iri kure nekuigadzika uye kuikanganwa kutenderera kweovheni. Kudzima media - mafuta, mvura, polymer, mhepo - zvine hutsinye hwakasiyana. Kudzima yakaoma-yakaita chikamu chepamusoro-simba nekukasira, uye unogona kutsemuka kana kukanganiswa zvakanyanya. Kunyanya kunonoka, uye hauwane inodiwa martensitic shanduko mumasimbi, ichikusiya uine yakapfava musimboti.
Isu tinodyidzana nezvitoro zvine hunyanzvi hwekupisa kupisa, asi hatingotumire mifananidzo. Isu tinopa yakadzama maitiro mirairo yakavakirwa pane iyo chikamu geometry uye alloy. Kune gobvu-chikamu-yakaderera-alloy simbi chikamu, tinogona kudoma yakavhiringwa kana marquench maitiro ekuderedza kupisa kuvhunduka. Kune kunaya-kuomesa tsvina, nguva-tembiricha curve yekuchembera inoera; kutsauka kwe10 ° C kana maminitsi gumi nemashanu kunogona kushandura kuoma uye kuoma zvakanyanya. Ndinoyeuka chirongwa chechikamu chemugungwa apo kusaora kwemunyu-spray kwakakosha sekusimba kwegoho. Iyo yakajairwa H900 hasha ye17-4PH yakatipa simba asi yakasiya corrosion resistance borderline. Taifanira kuedza nemamiriro ezera repamusoro (padhuze neH1150) uye tozogadzirisa zvibvumirano zvekugadzira kuti zviverengere zvakasiyana zvakasiyana-siyana zvekubvisa zvinhu mushure mekurapa. Chaive chiitiko chekuenzanisa, asi chakaunza chikamu chakashanda.
Verification is non-negotiable. Kupihwa zvitupa kubva kumushonga wekupisa ndiko kutanga, asi kuzvikamu zvakakosha zvemishini, isu tinowanzo tarisa zvedu nzvimbo - bvunzo dzekuomarara munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzechikamu chemuenzaniso, kana kutotumira makuponi kubva panzvimbo imwechete yekupisa kuti izere mejini yekuyedzwa. Unovimba, asi unosimbisa. Mutengo wechikamu chakakundikana musevhisi unodarika mutengo wekuwedzera kushinga uku.
Case in Point: Gear Hub Yakada Kunge Isipo
Makore mashoma kumashure, mutengi akauya kwatiri aine giya rakakundikana kubva kune inorema-duty winch. Yekutanga yaive weldment yakagadzirwa yakatsemuka panzvimbo yakakanganiswa nekupisa. Vaida monolithic, high-simba kutsiva. Iyo spec yakadana ASTM A ductile simbi (90 ksi tensile) ine yakanyanya kusimba kusimba pakudziya kwakaderera. Iko kuzvikanda pachayo, kushandisa goko rekuumbwa kwekugadzikana kwedimensional, yaive yakananga kwatiri paQSY. Dambudziko raive rokugadzira uye zvivakwa zvekupedzisira.
Chikamu chacho chaiva nehombe, nhete. Kutevedzana kwedu kwekutanga kwemuchina, kwakavakirwa pamaitiro akajairwa, kwakaguma nehondo shoma asi isingagamuchirwe mushure mekufamba kwakashata. Isu taifanira kudzoka, kugadziridza gadziriso kutsigira flange mukati mekuita, uye kutora inononoka, yakanyatso dzikama yekucheka zano. Ipapo kwakauya mushonga wekupisa. Kuti tiwane kuoma kwacho, kudzima kwakakodzera uye kushatirwa kwaidiwa, asi isu tainetsekana nekukanganiswa kweflange. Takashanda neanopisa kupisa kugadzira chigadziriso chetsika chaizobata chikamu chakatwasuka panguva yekudzima kuti tive nechokwadi chekutonhodza yunifomu. Yakanga iri imwe nhanho, imwezve mutengo, asi yakashanda. Izvo zvikamu zvakasangana neese mechanical specs uye anga achimhanya pasina nyaya. Iyo purojekiti, semamwe akawanda, inopfupikiswa mune yedu portfolio kuQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY)'s webhusaiti. Uyu muenzaniso wakanaka wekuti rwendo rwekusimba kwepamusoro sei, kwete kwekuenda kwaunosvika nekungonhonga zvinyorwa kubva pane rondedzero.
Iyo inotorwa kubva kune iyo, uye kubva kune isingaverengeke mamwe maodha, ndiko kuendesa yakavimbika zvechokwadi chikamu chepamusoro-simba inoda kubata kuyerera kwese kwese-kubva kunyunguduka chemistry mune yekutanga kusvika kune yekupedzisira kuongororwa-seimwe, yakabatanidzwa system. Kushaya simba mune chero chinongedzo kunokanganisa cheni yese. Iwe haugone kuongorora kunaka muchikamu; iwe unofanirwa kuivaka mukati, nhanho nenhanho inodzorwa.
The Human Factor uye Manzwiro eMaitiro
Chekupedzisira, pane chinhu chisingabatike icho ma specs haatore. Mushure memakumi emakore mubhizinesi iri, kuQSY uye zvisati zvaitika, iwe unokudziridza rudzi rwekunzwa. Mushandi ane ruzivo rwemuchina anogona kunzwa shanduko mukuchekwa-kuchinja kushoma-kunomuudza kuti chishandiso chave kutanga kudzima kana kuti zvinhu zvine nzvimbo yakaoma. A foundry technician anogona kutarisa kuyerera kwesimbi kuita mold uye kunzwa kana tembiricha iri kure. Izvi hazvisi zvisinganzwisisiki; Kuzivikanwa kwepateni kwakazvarwa kubva pamaoko-pakudzokorora.
Kunzwa uku kunozivisa nhare dzekutonga. Kana bvunzo ye ultrasonic ikaratidza diki, yakasarudzika discontinuity munzvimbo isiri-yakakosha yekukanda kukuru, unorasa chikamu chemadhora gumi? Mupimo ungati hungu. Asi zvichibva panzvimbo, kutungamira kwekushushikana, uye kuchengetedza kwechishandiso, injinjiniya ane ruzivo anogona kuibvumidza nenoti, ichichengetedza chirongwa. Sezvineiwo, nzvimbo inotaridzika zvakanaka inogona kurambwa nekuti machining feed rate yaive yakawandisa, zvichigona kukonzera kukuvara kwepasi. Sarudzo idzi ndipo panosangana nerabha nzira. Dzinobva pakunzwisisa kwakadzama, kunenge kwechisikigo kwekuita yakakwirira-simba zvikamu rarama uye ufe munyika chaiyo, nzwisiso iyo QSY yakarima pamusoro pekushanda kwayo kwenguva refu mukukanda uye kugadzira.
Saka, kana tichitaura nezvazvo yakakwirira-simba zvikamu, tiri kutaura chaizvo nezvehuzivi hwekutonga uye kunzwisisa, hunoshandiswa kune dzakatevedzana dzakaoma maitiro. Ndezvekubatanidza madotsi pakati pesimbi, thermodynamics, mechanic engineering, uye inoshanda shopu pasi huchenjeri. Iyo data sheet ivimbiso; zvese zvinoitika mushure mekurongeka kwaiswa ndiko kuendeswa kwechipikirwa ichocho. Uye iyo yekutumira haimbofa, inongoitika yega.
