Kana vanhu vazhinji vakanzwa 'tembiricha yakakwira', vanobva vafunga nezvemajeti enjini kana pamwe maturbine akavakirwa pasi. Izvo hazvina kushata, asi iwo maonero epamusoro-soro anopotsa iwo chaiwo, akashata matambudziko ekushanda nezvinhu izvi. Mapepa ezvinyorwa anonyora nhamba dzinoshamisa - creep resistance, oxidation limits, tensile simba pa1000 ° C - asi haakuudze nezve warping panguva yekugadzira, chimiro chezviyo chisingawirirani kubva kune imwe kupisa kusvika kune inotevera, kana kuoma kukuru kwekuwana yakachena, isina kukanganisa kukanda kubva kune nickel-based superalloy. Ndiyo mukaha uripo pakati pedzidziso nepasi rechitoro.
The Casting Conundrum: Apo Dzidziso Inosangana NeCrucible
Ngatitaurei nezve kukanda, kunyanya kuisa mari kukanda chinova chingwa chedu nebhotoro paQSY. With high tembiricha alloys, kunyanya iyo nickel-yakavakirwa seInconel 718 kana Hastelloy X, iyo yese maitiro ndeyekufamba kwetambo. Iyo yekunyunguduka tembiricha yekudzora yakakosha, asi ndizvo zvakaitawo kutonhora kuri mugomba mold. Kukurumidza, uye iwe unokonzera kushungurudzika uye misodzi inopisa; wakanyanya kunonoka, uye unowana yakawandisa zviyo kukura izvo zvinouraya mechanical zvinhu gare gare. Takave nezvikamu zvakabuda zvichitaridzika zvakanaka, kungotadza kuongorora X-ray ne subsurface shrinkage porosity. Pepa re data rinoti kukanda kwakanakisa, asi harimbotsanangure kuti ndedzipi nzira dzakanakisa dzeiyo yakaoma turbine blade maringe nebushing iri nyore.
Ini ndinorangarira chirongwa makore mashoma kumashure kune mutengi mune iyo thermal processing sector. Vaida machubhu anopenya echinyakare akagadzirwa kubva kune yakarukwa high tembiricha alloy, asi nguva yekutungamira yebhawa stock yairambidza. Isu takaronga kuvakanda kuburikidza neyedu shell mold process tichishandisa yakafanana-giredhi yekukanda alloy. Iyo chemistry yaive pedyo, asi isina kufanana. Mabheti mashoma ekutanga akatsemuka panguva yekugadziriswa kupisa kurapwa. Nyaya yacho? Chengetedza maelement - chimwe chinhu chakaita mutsauko mudiki mu boron kana zirconium zviri pakati pezvakagadzirwa nemukuru wedu wekukanda - izvo zvakakanganisa kusimba kwemuganho wezviyo patembiricha yakakosha. Yakanga isiri mune chikuru spec; zvakanga zviri mumashoko omuzasi. Isu taifanira kudzoka, tweak tembiricha yekudira uye kugadzirisa kupisa kwekupisa ramp-up chiyero chakanangana nekunyungudika kwedu. Yakashanda, asi yakawedzera mavhiki ekuedza nekukanganisa. Ndicho chokwadi.
Apa ndipo panodiwa chiitiko chemuvambi. At Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), neanopfuura makumi matatu emakore mugoko uye kuisa mari, takavaka raibhurari yeaya akajeka, asina kunyorwa maparamita emhando dzakasiyana dzejometri uye alloys. Hakusi kungova nechoto chete; ndezvekuziva kuti kune imwe cobalt-based alloy, unofanirwa kugadzirisa mold pre-heat tembiricha zvakasiyana pane kune nickel-based one kuti uwane yunifomu inozadza muzvikamu zvitete. Ruzivo urwu haruna kutorwa; inounganidzwa kuburikidza nekudzokororwa, uye hongu, kuburikidza nekutadza pano neapo.
Machining: Chokwadi Chakaoma Nezve Kucheka Zvinhu Zvakaoma
Kana kukanda kuri kutamba kwakapfava, kugadzira high tembiricha alloys ihondo inodzorwa. Izvo chaizvo zvivakwa zvinoita kuti maalloys aya ave makuru-akanyanya kupisa kuomarara uye maitiro ekuomesera ekushanda-anovaita dambudziko rekucheka maturusi. Vanhu vanowanzorerutsa izvi. Vanofunga, Tine CNC yemazuva ano, tichangoidzikisa pasi. Zviri kure nuanced.
Chikanganiso chikuru ndechekuchibata semachining simbi isina tsvina. Nechimwe chinhu chakaita seInconel 625, kana chishandiso chako chisina kupinza, kana kumhanya kwako uye mafidhi zvakatodzimwa zvishoma, kana kana chinotonhodza chako chisiri kurova chaipo chaipo, hauwane chip yakanaka. Iwe unowana yakavakirwa-kumusoro mupendero pachishandiso, icho chinozoshanda-chinoomesa pamusoro pechikamu chauri kucheka. Iye zvino uri kuyedza kucheka neganda rakatooma, iro rinoburitsa kupisa kwakawanda, izvo zvinowedzera kushatisa chishandiso. Kutenderera kwakashata kunotungamira kune zvakaraswa zvikamu uye zvakaparadzwa, zvinodhura zvinoiswa carbide. Isu takadzidza izvi nenzira yakaoma pakutanga, tichipisa kuburikidza nekushandisa mabhajeti tisati tafona muma paramita.
Kwatiri kuQSY, kubatanidza CNC machining nemaitiro edu ekukanda inzira yakanaka. Isu tinowanzo kuita yekutanga rough machining pane edu se-akakanda zvikamu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti isu tinofanirwa kuzvidavirira kune ganda rekukanda, kukanganisa kushoma, uye nekusarira kwakasara kushushikana kubva pakukanda maitiro. Isu takagadzira-mukati-mumba maprotocol ekugadzirisa uye kuteedzera mashandiro kuderedza kushushikana kudzoreredzwa. Semuyenzaniso, isu tinogona kuita kushushikana-kuzorodza kupisa kurapwa mushure mekuita hutsinye asi tisati tapedza kushivirira kwakakosha. Inowedzera nhanho, asi inodzivirira chikamu kuti chifambe gare gare mubasa-chidzidzo chakadzidzwa kubva muboka remitumbi yevharuvhu iyo yakadonha kubva kune yakatarwa mushure mekusununguka kwekupedzisira.
Iyo yakakosha muSpecial Alloys: Material Sourcing & Traceability
Chimwe chifukidziro chinowanzo furatirwa ndicho chinhu chakabikwa pachacho. Haasi ese Inconel 718 akagadzirwa akaenzana. Kuitwa kunoenderana nekuchena kwezvinhu zvemhandara uye kurongeka kwe master alloy kuwedzera. Takachinja vatengesi vezvinhu kare nekuda kwekusaenderana kweokisijeni kana nitrogen zviri pakati pekunyunguduka, izvo zvinoratidzira sehupenyu husina kunaka hwekuneta muzvikamu zvekupedzisira. Paunenge uchitarisana nazvo high tembiricha alloys kune zvakakosha zvikumbiro, chitupa chekuongorora (CoA) ndiro bhaibheri rako. PaQSY, isu tinoongorora izvo padhuze uye kazhinji tinozviita zvedu spark kuyedza kana spectral ongororo pazvinhu zvinouya, kunyanya kune cobalt-based kana nickel-based alloys. Unokona kudzora zvausingayere.
Uku kutarisisa kuperera kwezvinhu kunotambanukira kumuitiro wedu wose. Pakudyara kwekudyara, isu tinoshandisa chaiyo ceramic shell masisitimu anoenderana neanoshanda alloys kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwepasi. Kusachena kwarasika kubva mugoko kunogona kugadzira nzvimbo isina simba inova nzvimbo yekutanga kutsemuka pasi pekupisa bhasikoro. Iro ruzivo rusingaratidzi pane chikamu chakapedzwa zviyero, asi zvese zvehupenyu hwayo hwesevhisi munzvimbo yekupisa kwepamusoro.
Kukundikana Kuongorora: Mudzidzisi Anonyanya Kukosha
Rumwe ruzivo rwedu rwakanyanya kukosha rwakabva kune zvikamu zvisina kuzviita. Pakutanga kwebasa redu ne-high-chromium nickel alloy ye pyrolysis furnace chikamu, takave nekukundikana kwemunda. Chikamu chacho chakatsemuka chichitevedza mutsara waiita seusina kurongeka. Ongororo yeMetallurgical yakanongedzera kune sigma phase embrittlement. Iyo alloy yaive yakarerekera kwairi kana yakabatwa mune imwe tembiricha range kwenguva yakareba. Yedu yekupisa kupisa kutenderera, yaive yakajairwa kune akafanana alloys, yakanga yasundira mufafitera nekusaziva. Kugadzirisa kwanga kusiri kwekuchinja kukanda; yakanga iri pamusoro pekugadzirisa zvakare mushure-kukanda kupisa kurapwa kudzima kuburikidza neiyo yakakosha tembiricha zone nekukurumidza. Iye zvino, kune chero chitsva high tembiricha alloy purojekiti, isu hatingotarise mabatirwo akajairwa; tinochera muzvikamu zvezvikamu uye zvingangoita embrittlement michina. Itsika yekudzivirira inozvarwa kubva muchidzidzo chinorwadza.
Iyi pfungwa inoumba maitiro atinoita mapurojekiti matsva nevatengi. Kana mutengi anobva kuchikamu chekugadzira magetsi achiuya kwatiri nechikumbiro cheyakagadzirwa-yakagadzirirwa kupisa kupisa chikamu uchishandisa yakakosha alloy, mibvunzo yedu yekutanga haisi yezviyero chete. Ivo nezve mamiriro ekushanda (oxidizing? carburizing?), thermal cycle profile, uye inotarisirwa kushushikana mamiriro. Izvi zvinozivisa zvese kubva pakusarudzwa kwealloy (pamwe giredhi rakakwidziridzwa nesilicon kuti rive nani oxidation kuramba?) kune dhizaini yevanofudza uye inosimuka muforoma kuti ive nechokwadi chekudzikama munzvimbo dzakanyanya kukosha.
Kubatanidzwa: Kubva Foundry kusvika Yakapedzwa Chikamu
Iko kukosha chaiko kune vazhinji vevatengi vedu pa QSY iri mukubatanidzwa kwakatwasuka-kubata rwendo kubva kusimbi yakanyungudutswa kuenda kune yakagadzirwa, yakagadzirira-kugadzika chikamu. For high tembiricha alloys, kuenderera mberi uku kwakakosha. Iyo machinist inoda kunzwisisa iyo yekukanda ingangoita chimiro chemukati; iyo injinjiniya yekuwana inoda kuziva kuti nzvimbo dzakakosha dzemuchina dzichange dziripi kuti ive nechokwadi chekuwedzera kuwanda ikoko.
Isu nguva pfupi yadarika takapedza kumhanyisa turbine shrouds yeindasitiri turbocharger kukwidziridzwa. Nyaya yacho yaive yakaoma nickel-based superalloy. Nekudzora zvese kukanda uye chaiyo CNC machining mumba, tinogona kuronga. Isu takakanda zvikamu neakawedzera stock pane zviso zvekusangana, tozoita inopisa isostatic pressing (HIP) kurapwa kuvhara chero micro-porosity. Mushure meHIP chete takaita machining ekupedzisira. Kutevedzana uku, kwakasarudzwa nekubatana pakati pezvikwata zvedu zvekukanda nekugadzira michina, takava nechokwadi chekuti tabvisa chero kukanganisa kwepamusoro kubva kuHIP tichiwana hunyoro hwezvinhu. Mhedzisiro yacho yaive chikamu chine kuita kurinani kuenderana kupfuura kana maitiro akapatsanurwa pakati pevatengesi vakasiyana.
Ndiwo magumo. Kushanda neyakakura tembiricha alloys haisi yekungosarudza chinhu kubva pakatalogi. Ndezvekunzwisisa maitiro ayo kuburikidza nenhanho imwe neimwe yeshanduko-kubva kumvura kuenda kune yakasimba, kubva pakukandira kwakashata kuenda kune chaiyo chikamu. Nhamba dziri papepa rekutsvaga ndiyo nzvimbo yekutanga yekukurukurirana, kwete mhedziso. Izvo zvasara zvinodzidzwa mune yekutanga, kuCNC kutonga, uye dzimwe nguva, muchiedza chinopisa chekutadza ongororo yeshumo. Indima inoda, asi ndiyo inoita kuti chikamu chekushanda chibudirire, makore gare gare munzvimbo inopisa inopisa, inogutsa. Zvinoreva kuti une zvese zvisingaonekwe zvese zvakanaka.
