Kana vanhu vakanzwa 'investment casting aerospace', vanowanzo fungidzira isina chikanganiso, inopenya mabladhi eturbine matsva kubva muvhidhiyo yekushambadza. Chokwadi chakanyanya kuipa, chinomanikidzwa, uye kutaura chokwadi, chinonakidza. Hazvisi zvekungowana ma geometries akaoma; inhaurirano yenguva dzose pakati pechishuvo chekugadzira, chokwadi chesimbi, uye hutsinye hwehupfumi hwehuwandu, mareti akaraswa, uye nguva dzekutungamira. Vazhinji vanofungidzira kushivirira kwakasimba kunogara kuri nani, asi kutsanangura ± 0.05mm pane isiri-yakakosha yemukati nzvimbo inogona kupeta katatu mutengo we zero inoshanda kubatsirwa. Ndipo panoitika basa chairo.
Iyo Core Kusanzwisisa: Ingori Chaiyo Maitiro
Iyo yakanyanya kurerutsa ndeye kubata investimendi casting sengori chaiyo imwe nzira yekugadzira kana machining. Precision mhedzisiro, kwete kupihwa. Inowanikwa kuburikidza nekutonga kwemazana akasiyana. Semuyenzaniso, wakisi patani jekiseni parameters - tembiricha, kumanikidza, kugara nguva - zvinokanganisa zvakananga kugadzikana kwedimensional uye kupera kwepamusoro nguva refu isati yadirwa chero simbi. Kuchinja kudiki kwetembiricha yemukamuri yewakisi kunogona kuunza maitiro ekushushikana anongozviratidza sekukanganiswa kwemadziro mushure mekuvakwa kwegoko uye kupera simba. Hausi kungokanda simbi; urikukanda nhoroondo yese yewakisi neceramic process.
Ini ndinorangarira chirongwa chechimiro chebhuraketi mune nickel-based superalloy. Magadzirirwo acho aisundira miganhu pamadziro matete uye makona akapinza emukati. Kufananidza kwacho kwairatidzika kuchena. Zvinyorwa zvekutanga, zvisinei, zvakaratidza kuenderera mberi kwema micro-misodzi pamibatanidzwa. Kuita kwechimbichimbi kubva kuinjiniya kwaive kugadzirisa gating. Asi izvo zvinokonzeresa zvaive zvakanyanya kukosha: iyo chaiyo alumina-silicate binder mune yekutanga slurry layer yaive ichigadzira isingafadze yekushisa gradient inopesana neiyo alloy yekusimba maitiro. Kuchinjira kune zircon-based yakatarisana zvinhu, kunyangwe mutengo wayo wakakwira, yakagadzirisa. Tinodzidzei? Iyo goko riri mugoko rekugadzira mold haisi chigadziko chekungogara; iyo inoshanda yekupisa system.
Ichi ndicho chikonzero kudyidzana kwenguva refu nevekutanga vane ruzivo rwakadzama-chaiyo ruzivo rwakakosha. Kambani yakadai Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), nemakumi matatu emakore avo Investment casting uye machining, angadai akatarisana nezviitiko izvi kasingaverengeki. Chiitiko chavo pamusoro pesimbi yakakandwa, simbi, uye yakakosha cobalt-based alloys uye nickel-based alloys zvinoreva kuti vangangovaka raibhurari inonzwisisika iyo mabiko ekubikisa anoshanda neapi mhuri dzesimbi pasi peakasiyana geometric stress. Irwo ruzivo rwakadzikama harusi mune chero software package.
The Material Dhanzi: Alloys Haachinjiki
Kutaura nezve alloys, iyo aerospace inoshanduka kuenda kune zvinhu zvakaita seInconel 718, Mar-M247, kana cobalt-based HS-188 haingori shanduko yepeji. Imwe neimwe inobata semhuka yakasiyana panguva Investment casting process. 718 inoregerera asi inogara ichiparadzana kana tembiricha yekudira yadzimwa nebvudzi. Iyo vacuum inonyunguduka kune inonangwa yakaomeswa Mar-M chikamu ibheti yekudzora tembiricha uye kumhanya kwekubvisa. Ita zvisizvo, uye haungorambi; unowana choto chinodhura chekuchenesa.
Takadzidza izvi zvinorwadza papurojekiti yekutanga yekapu ye combustor swirl. Kudhinda kwacho kwaidaidzira kuti pave neproprietary cobalt alloy. Takatora zvataifunga kuti giredhi rakafanana. Iyo chemistry yaive mukati meiyo spec, asi iyo trace element misiyano-zvinhu zvakaita selanthanum kana yttrium zvemukati-zvakanyanya kushandura fluidity uye kupisa-misodzi kuramba. Mhedzisiro yacho yaive 40% scrap rate pane yekutanga kugadzirwa kumhanya nekuda kwekutsemuka. Kugadzirisa kwanga kusiri maitiro tweak; yakanga ichidzokera kuchigayo kuti inyunguduke iine yakasimba, yakanyatsorongedzerwa trace element profile. Ikozvino, ndiri kuziva zvakanyanya kuti alloy spec inzvimbo yekutanga, kwete vimbiso.
Apa ndipo apo zvivako zvakabatanidzwa zvinoratidza simba ravo. Kana iyo imwecheteyo inobata iyo Investment casting uye zvinotevera CNC machining, vanogona kuita shanduko ine ruzivo. Pamwe ivo vanosiya imwe 0.5mm yestock pane inonyengera flange vachiziva kuti timu yavo yekugadzira ine chaiyo yekumisikidza zano, optimize maitiro ekukanda kuvimbika kwete pedyo-net-shape kukwana. A look at QSYkugona kwe (https://www.tsingtaocnc.com) inoratidzira nzira iyi yakabatanidzwa-kukanda uye kugadzira pasi pedenga rimwe-izvo zvakakosha kune zvikamu zvemuchadenga uko post-cast machining inoda nguva dzose kurova izvo zvekupedzisira datum maficha.
Iyo Gating uye Kudyisa Puzzle: Huzhinji Hunyanzvi Kupfuura Sainzi
Simulation software yasvika kure, asi gating dhizaini inoramba iri chikamu sainzi, chikamu chitema art. Iyo software inogona kufanotaura shrinkage porosity, asi haigone kuverengera zvizere nezvekudyidzana pakati peceramic shell's thermal mass uye alloy yechando inotonhora mumamiriro echoto chenyika chaiyo. Ndakaona nzira dzekudyisa dzakakwenenzverwa dzichitadza nekuti dzakagadzira nzvimbo inopisa mugoko, dzichinonoka kusimba panzvimbo isiri iyo.
Muenzaniso unoshanda: hombe, yakatetepa-yakavakirwa titanium imba. Iyo simulation yakakurudzira rakareruka repamusoro-gedhi rine akawanda mafeed. Kudururwa kwekutanga kwakaguma nekuvharwa kunotonhora uye laminations. Nyaya yacho? Titanium inokurumidza kutonhora uye viscosity. Gedhi raigadzira mhirizhonga, simbi inotonhorera isati yazadza mhango. Mhinduro, yakagadziridzwa kuburikidza nekuyedzwa chaiko uye kukanganisa, yaive musanganiswa wemagedhi madiki, akagovaniswa uye kupisa kwepamusoro zvishoma, kusanganiswa nepre-heated mold kuti inonoke kutonhora kwekutanga. Yakanga inopesana-inonzwisisa kune yakajairwa tsika yealuminium kana simbi.
Izvi zvinodzokororwa, zvine simba kugadzirisa matambudziko ndiwo moyo wakaoma Investment casting. Iwe unotanga nekufananidza, asi iwe unofanirwa kuve wakagadzirira kudzokorora muviri. Chido chemutengesi uye kugona kumhanyisa zviedzo zvidiki izvi - kazhinji nemari yavo yekuvaka hukama - musiyano mukuru. Hazvisi zvekungove nazvo shell mold casting midziyo; ndezvekuva nemoyo murefu uye hunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa maitiro echikamu chako chaicho.
Iyo Isingadzivisike Handoff: Kukanda kune Machining
Hapana aerospace casting inonyatso kukanda. Kune nguva dzose machining, kazhinji EDM, dzimwe nguva welding kana brazing. Iko handoff pano ndiyo huru yekunongedza munwe. Iyo machinist inopomera iyo caster yenzvimbo dzakaoma, kusara kunetseka, kana yakavanzika porosity. Iye caster anopomera machinist nekusungirira zvisina kunaka kana kucheka kwehasha.
Mapurojekiti akabudirira kwazvo andakakwanisa kubata chikamu chakakandwa se pre-fomu. Takaita ongororo dzakabatana pakati peiyo foundry uye shopu yemuchina isati yatombotemwa pateni yekutanga. Mibvunzo yakaita senge: Tinogona here kuwedzera padhi diki pano kune machining datum? Ukobvu hwemadziro uku hwakakwana kune yako chucking pressure? Tinofanira kushushikana-kudzoreredza tisati kana mushure mekuita rough machining eiyi alloy? Hurukuro idzi igoridhe. Vanogadzirisa zvinotarisirwa uye vanoshandura serial process kuita yakafanana.
Ichi ndicho chirevo chekukosha kwemupi wesevhisi yakazara. Rini QSY inotaura hunyanzvi hwavo hwakabatanidzwa mu Investment casting uye CNC machining, zvinoratidza kuti vanenge vapinza nhaurirano idzi mukati. Ivo vanogona kukwidziridza kukanda kuti kuve machinable, vachiziva chaizvo izvo dhipatimendi ravo rekugadzira rinoda. Iyo inobvisa huwandu hwakakura hwenjodzi uye kutaurirana pamusoro, iyo yechirongwa chemuchadenga, kazhinji yakakosha pane zvishoma pa-pa-uniti mutengo wekuchengetedza kubva kune yakabatana yekugovera cheni.
Kutarisa Mberi: Kwete Kungooma, asi Kuenderana
Ramangwana re investment casting aerospace hazvireve hazvo nezve mamwe majeometri anokatyamadza; kuwedzera kwekugadzira kuri kutora yakanyanya kuomarara korona. Iko kukosha kwekudyara kwekudyara kunosimbisa (pun inotarwa) muhuwandu-hukuru, yakakwirira-yakavimbika zvikamu uko kuwirirana muzviuru zvezvikamu zvakakosha. Funga nezvemafuta emafuta system, actuator housings, mabhuraketi-zvikamu zvingaita sezviri nyore asi zvisina zero kushivirira kune hurema hwemukati.
Dambudziko rinochinja kubva pane isu tinogona kuzviita here? kuti tingaite here zviuru gumi zvadzo zvakafanana, nechiyero chezvimedu chiri pasi pe0.1%? Izvi zvinoda rudzi rwakasiyana rwekuomesesa: statistical process control pane wax dimensions, otomatiki goko rinonyudza marobhoti ekupfekedza mayunifomu, uye chaiyo-nguva yekunyungudutsa chemistry ongororo. Izvo zvishoma nezvehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi uye zvimwe nezve maindasitiri, kudzokorora kunofambiswa nedata.
Vatengesi vanopona pakuchinja uku vachave avo vakaisa mari kwete mumavira matsva chete, asi mumusana wedhijitari kuronda nekudzora paramende yega yega. Iri ibasa rinofinha, risingafadzi rekutonga kwemhando iyo inotsanangura chizvarwa chinotevera cheaerospace foundries. Ivo vanoiwana vachange vachitora kwete chete pamutengo uye kugona, asi pane yakasimbiswa statistical process kugona (Cpk) yeiyo chaiyo ficha yaunofunga nezvayo. Ndiwo muganhu chaiwo manje.
