Iwe unonzwa 'kurasika kukanda wax' uye pfungwa zhinji dzinosvetuka dzakananga kumifananidzo yekare kana zvishongo zvakapfava. Ndiyo yekutanga kusanzwisisa. Munzvimbo yeindasitiri, ndiwo musimboti we Investment casting, maitiro apo kunyatsoenderana nehuwandu, uye apo 'rasika wax' chikamu chinongova chiitiko chekuvhura mumutambo wakareba, wakasviba, uye unodiwa zvakanyanya. Hazvisi zvekungogadzira mold; ndezvekutonga cheni yese kubva papateni yewakisi kusvika pachikamu chakagadzirwa nemichina, apo chikanganiso padanho rekutanga chinogona kurasa batch rese mushure memavhiki ekushanda.
Kamuri yeWax: Painotangira Zvese (Uye Inogona Kushata)
Imba yejekiseni yewakisi iri nyore zvinonyengera. Izvo zvese nezve tembiricha uye kudzvanywa, asi kuvagadzirisa chinhu chekunzwa. Wakisi haisi chinhu chimwe chete; kazhinji inosanganiswa, ine maitiro akasiyana ekuyerera. Isu tinoshandisa yakagadziridzwa parafini-yakavakirwa komboni kune akawanda akajairika masimbi. Kana jekiseni richipisa zvakanyanya, wakisi inotonhora zvishoma nezvishoma, zvichiita kuti maburi adzike kana kukanganisa. Kunyanya kutonhora, uye iwe unowana mitsara yekuyerera kana kuzadza kusina kukwana, kunyanya muzvikamu zvitete. Ndakaona hunyanzvi hutsva huchigadzira zvinoita senge wakisi mapatani akakwana, chete kuti ivo vagadzirise mukati mekushushikana kutsemuka mushure memaawa makumi maviri nemana paraki. Iko kukundikana iwe hausi kuona kusvikira ganda receramic ravakwa uye simbi yakadururwa, ichiparadza zvese.
Kusangana kwemapateni ewakisi panzvimbo yegedhi repakati-'muti'-ndihwo humwe hunyanzvi hwemaoko. Inotaridzika kunge gluing modhi pamwe chete, asi kona uye kutendeseka kwekubatana kunoraira kuyerera kwesimbi. Nhengo isina simba inogona kukonzera 'kupera' panguva yekudira. Isu takambove nebatch yepombi impeller uko kukanganiswa kudiki mumusangano wemuti kwakatungamira mukuzadzwa kwemhirizhonga. Kukandwa kwacho kwaitaridzika zvakanaka, asi X-ray yakaratidza kupararira kweporosity mumavheni. Mujenya wose wakarambwa. Ndiyo mari yakavanzwa yekumhanyisa wax assembly.
Hunyanzvi chaihwo huri muwakisi pachayo. Kumatanho emukati akaomarara, seaya ari muturbine blades kana mishonga yekudyara prototypes, tinogona kushandisa soluble wax core. Iwe unoumba musimboti, unganidza wakisi huru patani yakaitenderedza, kuvaka ganda receramic, wobva washandisa mvura inopisa kana yekunyungudutsa yekugezesa kunyungudutsa wakisi yepakati pamberi penzvimbo huru yekudonha. Icho chiyero chinonyengera - wakisi yepakati inofanira kunyunguduka yakachena pasina kupfavisa iyo huru pateni wakisi. Iyo yakakosha, uye haisi chitoro chese chinoiwana nguva dzose.
The Shell Building: A Ceramic Dhanzi
Kunyika muti wewakisi mudhaka rekutanga slurry haisi dunk; ijasi rinodzorwa. Bhachi rekutanga, jasi rechiso, rinoshandisa hupfu hwezikoni kana hupfu hwesilica. Izvi ndizvo zvinotsanangura kupera kwepamusoro kwechikamu chesimbi yekupedzisira. Chero guruva kana kusachena pano kunobatwa zvachose panzvimbo yekukanda. Iyo slurry viscosity inotariswa kakawanda pazuva-inokora sezvo zvinhu zvinoputika uye zvinoda kutetepa.
Mushure mekunyura, inokurumidza kupinda mumubhedha wakanyunguduka wejecha rakakasharara, refractory-kazhinji yakasanganiswa silica yemajasi mashoma ekutanga. Iyi stuccoing process inogadzira kiyi yekiyi yekukiya pakati pematanho. Rhythm ndeye dip, jecha, rakaoma. Dzokorora. Mamiriro ekuomesa akakosha: hunyoro hunodzorwa uye tembiricha. Kunyanya kukurumidza, uye goko rinogona kugadzira micro-cracks; inononoka, uye purogiramu yako yekugadzira inomira. Isu tinovavarira 7 kusvika 9 majasi kune akawanda masimbi castings, tichivaka goko rinenge 6-8mm gobvu. Inoda kuve yakasimba zvakakwana kuti imirire iyo autoclave dewaxing asi inopindirana zvakakwana kubvumira magasi kutiza panguva yekudira.
Kuomeswa kwekupedzisira, kana kuti 'kuomesa,' kwegoko rakapedzwa kunotora angangoita maawa makumi maviri nemana. Iwe haugone kuzvimhanyisa. Deko rinonzwa kuoma kunze rinogona kuramba rakabata hunyoro mukati. Munguva yekupisa kwepamusoro-kupisa (tinoshandisa high-pressure steam autoclave), iyo yakavharidzirwa hunyoro inoshanduka kuva steam pakarepo, uye pop-unowana kuputika kwegoko kana kunyange kuputika. Ndakavhura autoclave kuti ndiwane muti wapwanyika zvachose, matanda eceramic kwese. Chikonzero chacho? Iyo isina kukwana yekuomeswa danda yebatch imwe, yakasundidzirwa nekuda kweiyo nguva yekupedzisira. Chidzidzo chinodhura.
Kutsva, Kudururwa, uye Nguva Yechokwadi
Mushure mekudonha, mabhomba eceramic asina chinhu anoenda muchoto chekutsva. Izvi hazvisi zvekupisa wakisi yasara chete; iyo inopisa ceramic, kusanganisa zvimedu pamwechete kuita yakasimba, monolithic mold. Tembiricha ramp-up ndeyechokwadi. Kunyanya hutsinye, uye kupisa kunotyisa kuchatsemura goko. Isu tinowanzo kubata kutenderedza 1000 ° C kwemaawa akati wandei, zvichienderana nealloy yekudirwa. Deko rinofanira kudirwa richiri kupisa—kazhinji pamusoro pe500°C. Kudira mugoko rinotonhora kunotungamira kune mistruns uye kutonhora kuvhara. Nguva iri pakati pechoto nechiteshi chekudira mutambo wakarongeka.
Iyo yekudira pachayo ndeye visceral. Pamasimbi asina tsvina se304 kana 316, kana alloys akakwira-tembiricha seInconel, tembiricha yevira inogona kudarika 1600 ° C. Uri kutarisa kuyerera kwesimbi, kusimuka kwesimbi mumukombe unodurura. Iyo geting system yakagadzirwa mavhiki apfuura muwakisi ikozvino yava kuita basa rayo rega. Gedhi rakagadzirwa zvakanaka rinozadza mold zvakanaka, kubva pasi kumusoro, kuderedza mhirizhonga uye kuumbwa kweoxide. Dhizaini isina kunaka inopfapfaidza simbi, ichiteya mweya uye kugadzira marara anosanganisirwa. Unogona dzimwe nguva kunzwa mutsauko—kuridza muridzo wakanyarara uchipesana nemhepo ine nyonganyonga.
Shakeout inoitika mushure mekunge simbi yasimba uye yatonhodzwa. Iyo ganda receramic rakatsemuka nemechani vibration. Apa ndipo paunoona iyo yakasvibira kukanda kekutanga, ichiri yakanamatira kune yayo simbi gedhi system. Inguva yechokwadi, asi kwete yekupedzisira. Kuongorora kwepamusoro kunowanzo ratidza zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekubudirira kana kutadza: kudzokorodza kwesimbi kwakanaka, kana kuremara senge zvimbi (kubva pakatsemuka goko), nzvimbo yakakasharara (kubva pajasi rehuso), kana kupera kunoonekwa. Kune kambani yakadai Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), nemakumi matatu emakore shell mold casting uye Investment casting, nhanho iyi ndiyo iyo maitiro avo ekutonga anosimbiswa. Kutarisa kwavo pazvinhu zvakaita seyakakosha cobalt uye nickel-based alloys inoda kudzora kwakasimba mumatanho ekutanga, sezvo maalloys aya ari mashoma kukanganwira kukanganisa kwegoko kana zvikanganiso zvekudurura pane yakajairwa simbi.
Post-Casting: Iko Kukandira Kunosangana neMachining
Iyo as-cast chikamu hachiwanzo chikamu chekupedzisira. Ichi chinhu chakakosha. Kurasika wakisi inokuwana iwe 'padhuze-neti-chimiro,' asi yakakosha nzvimbo dzinogara dzichida machining. Iyo gedhi system yakagurwa, kazhinji nebhandi kana vhiri rinoputika rezvikamu zvidiki, kana plasma arc kune yakakura. Zvadaro zviri paCNC kugaya kana kutendeuka. Kukandira kunofanira kunge kwakagadzirwa nemachining allowances — yakawedzera zvinhu zvakasiiwa panzvimbo chaiyo. Tora mvumo iyi zvisizvo, uye iwe unogona kusiya isingachinjiki yekukanda ganda panzvimbo yakasimwa kana kuti unocheka muchinhu chisina chinhu kana kusanganisirwa kwakavanzwa pasi pedenga.
Apa ndipo apo kushanda kwakabatanidzwa kunoratidza kukosha kwayo. PaQSY, kuve nezvose kukanda uye CNC machining pasi pedenga rimwe pane mukana mukuru. Iwo machinist anopa mhinduro kune yekutanga. Semuyenzaniso, kana vachigara vachiwana nzvimbo dzakaoma pane imwe flange pavanenge vachichera, zvinogona kuratidza kutonhora kwenzvimbo kana kuti slag inosanganisirwa kubva pakudururwa. Iyi yakavharwa-loop mhinduro yakakosha pakuvandudza maitiro. Inofambisa kutonga kwehutano kubva pakuongorora kwakachena kusvika pakudzivirira kushanda.
Isu takagadzira akatevedzana miviri yevharuvhu mu duplex simbi isina tsvina. Kukandwa kwakapfuura kuongorora kwekuona uye mativi. Nekudaro, panguva yekushanda kwakatarisana paCNC lathe, chishandiso chaizoerekana chataura uye kupfeka zvakanyanya pane imwe nzvimbo yechikamu chimwe nechimwe. Zvakazove mutsauko mudiki mukuwomeswa kwegoko izvo zvakatungamira kune yakaomesesa zvishoma, yakaoma ceramic layer munharaunda iyoyo, izvo zvakakonzera kukurumidza kutonhora uye shanduko yenzvimbo mune microstructure yesimbi. Kugadzirisa kwanga kusiri mumachining paramita; yakanga yadzokera mukamuri rokuomesera, ichienzanisa mafambiro emhepo akapoteredza miti yanamo. Pasina iwo maonero akasanganiswa, iwe unongoramba uchipisa kuburikidza nekucheka maturusi uye kupa mhosva zvinhu.
Sarudzo Yezvinhu: Haisi Yezve Metal
Kana vanhu vachitaura zvinhu mukukandira, vanotarisa pane simbi: simbi yakakandwa, kabhoni simbi, isina tsvina, iyo exotic alloys. Asi kurukurirano yezvinhu inotanga nokukurumidza. Wax formula inofanirwa kuenderana neceramic slurry. Iyo ceramic inofanira kunge ine makemikari inert kune yakanyungudutswa simbi. Kudururira simbi inoita setitanium kana aruminiyamu alloy yakakwira inoda zvakasiyana zvachose masisitimu e ceramic (kazhinji yttria-based) pane kudurura simbi. Kushandisa iyo isiriyo refractory inotungamira kune kemikari kuita pane iyo interface, ichiparadza kupedzisa kwepamusoro uye zvinogona kukonzera kutadza kwegomba.
Kune iyo nickel uye cobalt-based superalloys QSY inowanzoshanda nayo, iwo kupisa kwekuwedzera maitiro eceramic shell ndiyo yakakosha. Aya alloys anodururwa pakupisa kwakanyanya uye ane maitiro ekusimba chaiwo. Iyo goko rinofanirwa kumirisana nekupisa kwekushushikana pasina kutsemuka kana kuita, uye rinofanirwa kubvumidza zvakaringana chete kudzivirira kukanda kukanganisa asi kwete zvakanyanya zvekuti rinokonzera kubvaruka kupisa. Icho chiitiko chekuenzanisa chinotsanangurwa nesainzi yezvinhu, kwete hunyanzvi chete.
Kunyangwe mukati mesimbi, giredhi rine basa rekugadzirisa gadziriro. Simbi yakaderera-kabhoni senge 1020 inoyerera uye iri nyore kukanda asi inogona kupfava pakugadzira. Simbi yakakwira-kabhoni kana mudziyo ine hunyanzvi hwekukanda isina kutsemuka asi inobata mupendero. Chese shanduko yezvinhu zvinoreva kudzokorora majekiseni ewakisi, nguva yekuomeswa kwegoko, kutsva, uye tembiricha yekudira. Hapana resipi yepasirese. Iri ndiro ruzivo rwakaunganidzirwa, kazhinji rusina kunyorwa, runoparadzanisa chitoro chebasa kubva kune nyanzvi yechokwadi. Iwe unogona kuwana imwe yemaitiro avo kune aya ezvinyorwa-maitiro pairings akatsanangurwa mukutsanangurwa kwavo kwemaitiro panzvimbo yavo, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, iyo inoratidzira nzwisiso inoshanda, panzvimbo pokungofungira, yendima.
Pakupedzisira: iSystem
Saka, kurasika kukanda wakisi, kana Investment casting, haisi nhanho imwe chete. Iyo yakabatana system. Kukanganisika mujekiseni rewakisi kunogona kusaoneka kusvika pakugadzira. A hiccup mukuomeswa kwegoko rinogona kukanganisa kudira. Iyo brilliant gating dhizaini inogona kurambwa neiyo isina kuverengerwa tembiricha yekudira. Kunaka uye kugumbuka kwazviri zviri mukubatana uku. Iwe hausi kutonga maitiro; iwe uri kutonga ketani yezviitiko apo chinongedzo chega chega chinoenderana nesimba reiyo yapfuura.
Chinangwa hachisi chekuwana kugona kwehunyanzvi muchikamu chimwe chete — kunyangwe zvichigoneka. Munzvimbo yeindasitiri seQSY's, chinangwa chinodzokororwa, chakavimbika, uye chine hupfumi chakasimba mumazana kana zviuru zvezvikamu. Zviri pamusoro kudzora variables ari muitiro izere navo. Wakisi yakarasika, asi zvidzidzo kubva mukutadza kwega kwega, nzvimbo yese isina kukwana, kushamisika kwega kwega kwemuchina, ndizvo zvinopinzwa mumaitiro echitoro. Ndiko kuburitsa chaiko kwemaitiro: kwete zvikamu zvesimbi chete, asi ruzivo rwakanatswa.
Uchifamba nemunzvimbo yekuvakira, unoona kutenderera kwese kwese: mareki ewakisi ari kuunganidzwa, matangi anotsvedza achitubwida, mavira achitinhira, michina yeCNC ichirira. Kwakashata, kuri kupisa, uye kuzere nenhare dzekutonga. The blueprint ingori pokutanga. Zvimwe zvese ndezvekunzwa kwewakisi, kutaridzika kwe slurry, ruzha rwekudurura, uye mhinduro kubva muchitoro chemuchina. Ndicho chokwadi chewakisi yakarasika ichirasa peji yebhuku uye pauriri hwefekitori.
