Kana vanhu vakabvunza nezve 'mutengo wakarasika wekukanda wakisi', vanowanzo tsvaga mutengo pachimedu. Ndiko kukanganisa kwekutanga. Mutengo hausi nhamba imwechete yaunodhonza kubva pachati; inhaurirano inotanga nejiometry mufaira rako reCAD uye inopera nepedziso muruoko rwako. Ndakaona mapurojekiti akawandisa achikanganiswa nekuti mumwe munhu akafananidza quote yepfundo rebhuronzi kune yakaoma, yakatetepa-yakavharirwa simbi isina tsvina yakawanda uye akafunga kuti muvambi ari kuvabvarura. Mutengo chaiwo uri mumubatanidzwa wesarudzo dzakaitwa kare wakisi isati yatombobayiwa.
Nheyo: Zvese Zvinotanga nePateni
Iwe haugone kutaura mutengo usina kutaura nezve pateni. Nzira iri nyore, yakasimba yegiya? Zvakachipa zvakachipa mukushandisa. Asi kana chikamu chako chiine chiteshi chemukati, undercuts, kana ichida akawanda-slide aluminium mold, yekutanga maturusi ekudyara anogona kukwira mudenga. Ndinoyeuka mumwe mutengi akagadzira imba yakanaka ine zvimiro zvemukati zvemarata ekuderedza uremu. Dhizaini inokatyamadza, asi mold yacho yaida collapsible ceramic cores uye multi-piece mold musangano. The kurasika kukanda wakisi process pachayo yaive yakajairwa, asi mutengo wepateni wakawedzera kaviri muripo wekupinda purojekiti. Ndicho chinhu chakavanzika mutsara chinhu vazhinji vanopotsa.
Zvadaro pane wakisi pachayo. Patani yakajairika wakisi mutengo mumwe. Asi kune zvikamu zvinoda kugadzikana kwakanyanya - funga zvikamu zvirefu, zvitete zvinogona kuchinjika - ungangoda wakisi yakazadzwa kana yepolymer. Izvo zvinowedzera pamwe 15-25% kumutengo wezvinhu zvako kubva pachiremwaremwa. Huipi hunodiwa dzimwe nguva. Takamboedza kuchengetedza mari pakumhanya kwemavharuvhu nekushandisa wakisi yakachipa. Zvakaguma nei? Kuchinjika, kutsveyama kumonyoroka mukurongeka kwebore iyo isina kubatwa kusvika machining, achikwenya batch rese. Mari yainge yachengetwa yakadzimwa zvakapetwa kagumi.
Vhoriyamu ndiro rimwe divi repatani yemari. A $ 10,000 mold yakaderedzwa pamusoro pezvikamu makumi mashanu ine hutsinye. Pamusoro pe50,000 zvidimbu, inova isina basa. Apa ndipo panofanira kukutungamira mubatsiri akanaka. Kune yakaderera-vhoriyamu, yakakwirira-yakaomesesa zvikamu, dzimwe nguva 3D-yakadhindwa mapatani kana kunyange yakananga binder jetting yeganda receramic ine hupfumi, zvisinei nepamusoro pe-uniti process process. Iyo inonzvenga iyo yakaoma tooling zvachose. Makambani anopa ese echinyakare uye azvino nzira, senge Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY), have an advantage here. Vanogona kupa zano nenzira inodhura zvakanyanya yevhoriyamu yako, ingave yemhando yepamusoro Investment casting kushandisa kana nzira yakasanganiswa.
Iyo Shell Game: Ceramic Mari uye Maitiro Nguva
Iyo Ceramic shell building process ndipo panobikwa mutengo weper-unit. Imwe neimwe dip, jecha, uye kuomesa kutenderera kunowedzera basa, simba, uye mutengo wezvinhu. Chikamu chakakora, chinorema chingada 7-9 zvidimbu zveceramic slurry uye stucco. Iyo yakatetepa, inodzivirira kupisa alloy chikamu chemuchadenga chingada akajeka zirconia-based majasi kumeso uye mamwe matinji ekutendeseka, zvichiwedzera kuwedzera kukanda mari.
Shell kutadza muurayi akanyarara. Kana goko rikatsemuka panguva yekubvisa waxi (iyo autoclave kana flash fire process) kana panguva yekudirwa, haurasikirwe newakisi chete, asi basa rose uye zvinhu zvakaiswa mugoko iroro. Kudzora nharaunda yekuomeswa - mwando uye tembiricha - kwakakosha. Mune imwe yezvivakwa zvedu zvekare zvisina makamuri ekuomesera anodzorwa nemamiriro ekunze, taiona makorokoza akakwira mitengo panguva yekunaya kwemvura. Mutengo wacho wakanga usiri mumateko akarasika chete; yakanga iri mukunonoka kwekugadzirwa uye nguva yakawandisa yekurova zuva rekutumira. Zvivako zvemazuva ano zvine nharaunda dzakadzorwa zvinobika kuvimbika uku mumitengo yavo.
Zviri zvakare nezve nguva yekutenderera. Deko rinotora mazuva mashanu kuvaka maringe nemazuva manomwe (uchishandisa advanced drying tech kana akasiyana binder masisitimu) inosungira capital yako nenzvimbo yepasi zvakasiyana. Mutengo wepamusoro uyu unogoverwa kumabasa ese ari muchitoro. Mushonga wepamusoro-musanganiswa, wakaderera-vhoriyamu mutengo weshopu uchasiyana kubva pamutsara wakatsaurirwa unomhanyisa mamirioni emisoro yakafanana yegorofu. Kana iwe ukawana quote, iwe uri kubhadharawo kushanda kwechitoro - kana kusashanda kwayo.
Iyo Metal Factor: Kupfuura Kungori Mutengo Pa Kilo
Zviripachena, iyo alloy sarudzo mutyairi mukuru. 304 Stainless maringe ne316. Carbon steel maringe nenickel-based superalloy seInconel 718. Musiyano wemutengo wezvakagadzirwa unogona kuva 10x. Asi ndiwo mavambo chete. Maitiro ekunyungudika anoshandura zvese. Superalloys inowanzoda kunyungudutswa nekudururwa kwevacuum, inova mari inodhura kwazvo uye mutengo wekushandisa uchienzaniswa nevira rakavhurika-mhepo induction yesimbi yakakandwa.
Goho ndiro izwi remashiripiti pano. Ingani yesimbi yaunodurura inopera muchikamu chekupedzisira? Dense, chunky dhizaini inogona kuva ne70% goho. Chikamu chine zvimbi zvirefu, zvitete uye yakaoma gating system inogona kuva ne40% goho. Iyo yakarasika simbi-iyo sprue, mumhanyi, masuwo, uye risers-inodzokororwa, asi iwe uchiri kubhadhara kwekutanga kunyungudutswa, simba rekunyungudusa, uye kurasikirwa kubva kune oxidation (durura shrinkage). Ndinogara ndichiudza vagadziri: dhizaini yegoho. Dzimwe nguva kuwedzera 1mm yehukobvu kumadziro kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuzadza uye kuderedza zvimedu, kuchengetedza mutengo wesimbi unodarika huremu hwakawedzerwa.
Apa ndipo pane basa re foundry's material specialization. Shop like QSY, iyo inonyora ruzivo rwakakwana necobalt-based uye nickel-based alloys, yakagadziridza maparamendi ezvishandiso izvi zvinonyengera. Vanoziva chaiyo tembiricha yekudira, goko preheat, uye mwero wekutonhora unodiwa pagoho rakanaka pachikamu cheHastelloy. Kushandisa muvambi unonyanya kugadzira simbi yepurojekiti yako yesimbi isina simbi inogona kunge yakachipa pachiyero, asi curve yavo yekufunda uye goho ringaite rakaderera zvinogona kuita yekupedzisira. kurasikirwa nemari yekukanda wakisi kumusoro.
Post-Casting: Kunogara Vakavanzika 50%.
Uku ndiko kuvhunduka kukuru kune vatsva. Mutengo wekukanda mbishi kazhinji unongova hafu yenyaya. Iko kukanda kunobuda nemasuwo akabatanidzwa, pamusoro pekugadzirwa kubva kune ceramic, uye zvinokwanisika zvimbi zvidiki pamutsetse wekuparadzanisa. Zvese mushure me shakeout ndeye yechipiri operation mutengo.
Kuchekwa ndiko kutanga. Kucheka nemaoko nesaha kunoda kushanda nesimba. Automated abrasive cutting kana bhendi sawing zviri nani. Kune yakakwirira-vhoriyamu, marobhoti cutoff zviteshi zvinofanirwa. Ipapo kugaya. Kubvisa matinji egedhi uye nzvimbo dzinotsvedzerera ibasa remaoko rakachena. Chikamu chakaoma chine magedhi munzvimbo dzakaoma-kusvika-chinogona kutora unyanzvi hweguyo maminitsi makumi matatu, apo chikamu chakareruka chinogona kutora 2. Iyi chiyero chebasa chinowedzera nokukurumidza.
Zvadaro, kupisa kurapwa. Zvinodiwa here pakuzorodza pfungwa? Kuti uwane chaiwo mechanical properties? Ndiyo imwe kutenderera kwechoto, imwe nhanho yezvinhu, imwe mutengo. Non-destructive test (NDT). Iyo chikamu chinoda X-ray, dhayi inopinda mukati, kana ultrasonic inspection? Muedzo wega wega unowedzera nguva uye mutengo wenyanzvi. Pakupedzisira, chero CNC machining. Mazhinji ekudyara castings ari padhuze-net-chimiro, asi akakosha interfaces anogara achida machining. Iyo yekuwana-mu-mumba machining kugona, seizvo QSY inopa, yakakura mutengo-saver. Bundling casting uye machining inobvisa kutumira, kugadzirisa zvakare, uye kutaurirana makupo pakati pevatengesi vakasiyana. Mutengo wekukanda zvisizvo nekuda kwekududzirwa zvisirizvo pakati pemakambani anogona kuve nenjodzi.
Kuiisa Pamwe Chete: The Realistic Quote
Saka, kana iwe ukawana quote, iwe hausi kubhadhara kukanda. Uri kubhadharira: Patani/kushandisa amortization, jekiseni rewakisi, basa rekuvaka ganda & zvinhu, simbi inonyunguduka & kudurura (yakagadziridzwa kuti iwane goho), shakeout, cutoff, kugaya, inogona kupisa kupisa, inogona NDT, uye manejimendi epamusoro. Chirevo chakanaka kubva kune ane ruzivo mudiwa se Nhoroondo ye QSY Technology kazhinji achazvidonhedza pasi kana kuti kuva akagadzirira kuzvitsanangura. Makore avo 30 mukati shell mold casting uye Investment casting zvinoreva kuti vaona marara emutengo muzviuru zvemapurojekiti.
Mutengo wakachipa kazhinji ndiwo une ngozi. Zvinogona kureva kuti vari kushandisa yakaderera-giredhi alloy, kusvetuka kwakakodzera maitiro ekutonga, kana kuregeredza post-kugadzirisa. Ndasvirwa neizvi. Takapa basa kune mamwe mapombi epombi kune akaderera mutengo. Kukandwa kwacho kwaitaridzika zvakanaka, asi panguva yekugadzira, takawana sporadic porosity. Mutengo wezvikamu zvakakundikana, gungano rakanonoka, uye mukurumbira wakarova nemutengi wedu wekupedzisira chaive chidzidzo chevanhu vanomwe.
Pakupedzisira, kudzora kurasikirwa nemari yekukanda wakisi ndezvekudyidzana uye kujeka. Ipa dhizaini yakachena, inogadzirwa. Iva akajeka nezve vhoriyamu yako fungidziro-kwete chete yekutanga odha, asi yehupenyu hwechigadzirwa. Kurukurai nezvenzvimbo dzakakosha-ku-kushanda-kare kuitira kuti chivako chigone kuisa magedhi nekusimudza zvakakodzera. Sarudza mudiwa ane zvinhu zvakaringana uye hunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa chikamu chako chaicho. Mutengo unobva wava kukosha equation: urikubhadharira chokwadi, mhando, uye chikamu chinoshanda ipapo kekutanga. Ndiwo chete mutengo unonyanya kukosha pakupedzisira.
