Vanhu vazhinji pavanonzwa 'chikamu chinokandwa wakisi chakarasika', vanofananidzira chinhu chisina kukanganisa, chakaomesesa chesimbi chichangobva mudeko receramic. Ndiwo mufananidzo wekushambadzira. Chokwadi chiri pauriri hwechitoro inhaurirano yenguva dzose pakati pechishuvo chekugadzira, hunhu hwezvinhu, uye fizikisi isingaregereri yesimbi yakanyungudutswa. Haisi hunyanzvi chete; iko kubvumirana kunodzorwa.
Iyo Core Illusion uye iyo Gating Reality
Kusanzwisisa kukuru ndekwekuti kukwana kwepateni yewakisi yakaenzana nechikamu chekupedzisira kukwana. Iwe unogona kupedza mazuva uchigadzira wax modhi ine razor-yakapinza ruzivo, asi kana iyo gating system ipfungwa yekutevera, urikungogadzira zvimedu zvinodhura. Ndakazviona kakawanda: mainjiniya anogadzira chikamu chakanaka, tumira iyo CAD faira, uye fungidzira kuti basa reiyo yekutanga ndere kungoikopa. Basa chairo rinotanga nekugadzira kuti simbi inoyerera sei, inodyisa, uye inoomesa. Iyo sprue, mumhanyi, uye inosimuka marongero? Ndiko kunohwina kana kukundwa hondo isati yadirwa simbi.
Semuyenzaniso, neatete-walled Stainless simbi zvikamu, dambudziko harisi kungozadza mhango. Iri kudzivirira mistruns uku uchigadzirisa shrinkage porosity muzvikamu zvakakura zvinosangana. Iwe haugone kungokwidza saizi yegedhi; unogona kuunza mhirizhonga. Ipikicha. Dzimwe nguva, mhinduro inosanganisira kuwedzera zvibayiro zvewakisi-kwete chikamu chekupedzisira dhizaini-chete kuita semafuta ekupisa kana mafidhi, ayo anozogadziriswa. Izvi hazvisi mubhuku chero ripi zvaro; inodzidzwa kubva pakutsemuka Investment casting prototypes.
Apa ndipo apo chiitiko chemuvambi chinobatika. Kambani yakadai Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), nemakumi matatu emakore emugoko mold uye Investment casting, yaizova nemabhuku ekutamba emukati ezviitiko izvi. Kushanda kwavo kwenguva refu kunoratidza kuti vakadzokorodza kuburikidza nemadhizaini asingaverengeke emagedhi emidziyo kubva kumasimbi akajairwa kuenda kune anonyengera nickel-based alloys, achishandura njodzi dzedzidziso kuita ruzivo rwemaitiro.
Material Haisi Kungosarudzwa paDatasheet
Kutora zvinhu zvakaita sesimbi isina simbi 316 kana cobalt-based alloy ye kurasika kukanda wakisi chikamu chingori kuvhura kufamba. Maitiro eiyo alloy panguva yekudyara kwekudyara inoraira zvese kubva kune pre-kupisa tembiricha kusvika kushakeout nguva. 304 maringe ne316 isina tsvina, semuenzaniso, haisi nyaya yekuramba kuita ngura chete; vane maitiro akasiyana ekusimbisa. Iyo 316 inoita kunge yakanyanya kuregerera nekubvarura kupisa, asi zvakare inowedzera viscous kana yakanyungudutswa, ichida kugadziridzwa pakudurura tembiricha nekumhanya.
Kushanda neakakosha alloys, senge nickel kana cobalt-yakavakirwa QSY inotaura, inokudza izvi. Idzi dzinowanzova dzepamusoro-kushushikana, kutonhora kwepamusoro-kufunga mablades eturbine kana zvikamu zvevharuvhu. Mutengo wezvakagadzirwa zvega unoita kuti kuedza-uye-kukanganisa kurambidza. Iyo wakisi pateni, kuumbwa kwegoko, uye kutenderera kupfura zvese zvinoda kugadziridzwa. Goko rinoshanda zvakakwana kune kabhoni simbi rinogona kukonzera reaction layer kana micro-cracking ine reactive nickel alloy. Iwe unodzidza kuremekedza hunhu hwechinyorwa, kwete chete mapeji ayo.
Kukundikana kwandinoyeuka kwaisanganisira chikamu chemari. Kukandwa kwacho kwairatidzika kunge kwakanzwika, asi panguva yekugadzira, network yezvakatsemuka zvakanaka yaingooneka pasi pevhu. Mupari wemhosva? Goko racho rakanga risingapindiki, richiteya magasi panguva yekudira. Mhinduro yaive kugadzirisa jecha restucco mumajasi ekutanga kuti rigadzire goko rinopinda mhepo. Chakanga chiri chinhu chisingaoneki, chinenge chisingaoneki mumuitiro wacho chakava nomuuyo une ngwavaira pamugumo chikamu chekukanda wakisi chakarasika.
Iyo Handoff: Kana Kukandira Kunosangana neCNC Machining
Iyi inguva yakaoma iyo vatengi vazhinji vanorerutsa. Kwete Investment casting inobuda yakagadzirira kuisa, zvisinei nemambure-shape zvirevo. Kune nguva dzose masara egedhi, mitsara yekuparadzana, uye nzvimbo dzepamusoro dzinoda kunyatsogadzirwa. Kusagadzikana pakati pekukanda pasi uye dhipatimendi rekugadzira ndiko kunotsanangura mupi wemhando. Kana machinists ari kugara achirwa kuti awane datum point nekuti iyo yekukanda ine isingafungidzike yemukati kusagadzikana kukanganisa, iwe une systemic dambudziko.
Iyo yekubatanidza QSY inokwirisa-inopa zvese kukanda uye CNC machining-haisi kungoita sevhisi bundling; inzira yekudzora hunhu. Kana mubatanidzwa unobata ese ari maviri, anogona kugadzira maitiro ekukanda aine machining mupfungwa. Vanogona kuwedzera marogi ekurongeka mune wakisi patani inova machining fixtures, kana kuti vanonyatsoziva kuti yakawanda sei stock yekusiya pane dzakakomba zviso zvichibva pakuwedzera kwavo kunoenderana negoko. Inoshandura inogona kukanganisa mutambo pakati pevatengesi vaviri kuita inodzorwa, yemukati mhinduro loop.
Ndakaona mapurojekiti achikundikana nekuti imba yekukandira uye shopu yemuchina yanga isingataudzane. Kukandira kwacho kwaive mukati mekushivirira kwekudhinda, asi musiyano wakaita kuti CNC iite hope, ichiridza bhajeti. A vertically integrated operation inoderedza izvozvo. Vanogona kuti, Kune iyi turbine blade mudzi fomu, tinoda imwe yekuwedzera 0.5mm pachiso ichi kune yedu yakajairwa yekuchenesa-pasi pass, uye toibika mu wax die design kubva pazuva rekutanga.
The Shell: The Silent Dictator
Nepo wakisi ichicherechedzwa, goko receramic ndiro gamba risingaimbidzwe — kana muparadzi akavanzika — wezvese kurasika kukanda wakisi. Shell mold casting, kana iyo ceramic shell process mukudyara kwekudyara, itsika yemazuva-zhinji yekudhibha, stuccoing, uye kuomesa. Imwe neimwe layer yehukobvu, density, uye thermal properties zvine basa. Zvishoma zvishoma, uye goko rinotsemuka panguva yekudira. Yakanyanya kuwanda, uye inova inodzivirira iyo inoshandura chiyero chekusimba, zvichitungamira kune shrinkage kuremara.
Sarudzo yebhainda uye refractory zvinhu zvinoshanduka zvichienderana nesimbi iri kudirwa. Kune alloys yakakwirira-yekupisa, zircon-based face jasi yakajairika kudzivirira kusangana kwemakemikari. Nzvimbo yekuomeswa (humidity, tembiricha) pakati pejasi yakakosha. Kumhanyisa nhanho iyi kunovimbisa kushaya simba kwegoko. Iro danho rinoramba otomatiki munzvimbo dzayo dzakanaka; zvinoda nyanzvi dzinokwanisa kuverenga ruvara uye ruzha rwegoko kana ikabatwa.
Muenzaniso kubva kubasa remuchadenga: kune yakatetepa, yakareba aruminiyamu chikamu, takashandisa goko rehybrid rine faibha-yakasimbiswa backup layer kuti ipe simba rakasvibira panguva yekudonha, asi yakanaka kwazvo bhachi rekutora nzvimbo. Yaive tsika yekubikira yakagadziridzwa mushure mekudzokororwa kwakati wandei uko zvikamu zvaizoputika kana kutsemuka panguva yeautoclave dewax. Iyo shell recipe inowanzova yakachengetedzwa zvakanyanya pfuma yepfungwa.
Economics of Scale uye One-Offs
Pane pfungwa yakapararira iyo kurasika kukanda wakisi ndeyekugadzirwa kwevakawanda chete. Kwete chokwadi. Nepo yekutanga tooling (simbi inofira jekiseni rewakisi) kurikudyara, maitiro acho anochinjika zvinoshamisa kune akaderera mavhoriyamu uye prototypes. Iwe unogona kutogadzira master pateni kubva kupurasitiki kana huni, kugadzira silicone mold, uye kugadzira wakisi mapatani nemaoko kune mashoma ezvikamu. Iyo yekutyora-chero poindi inopesana nekukandira jecha kana kugadzirwa kunodzika kune kuoma kwejometri uye kunodiwa kupera.
Kune akaomesesa manifold ayo angada akawanda welded zvikamu uye yakakura yemukati machining, imwe chete Investment casting inogona kunge yakachipa kunyangwe seye-imwe-off, kana iwe uchiita basa rakazara. Mutengo hausi musimbi chete; iri mumaawa akadziviswa machining uye ungano. Inowanikwa seQSY, inoshanda pamwero, ingangove ine masisitimu ekubata zvakanaka ese mahombe mabhechi maodha epombi mapombi uye madiki-run, mapurojekiti ekusimudzira ezvikamu zvakakosha zvealloy, uchishandisa nzira dzinochinjika dzekushandisa.
Iyo chaiyo yehupfumi gomba ndeyepakati-maitiro shanduko. Kushandura dhizaini mushure mekugadzirwa kwejekiseni rewakisi kunodhura. Kunyangwe shanduko diki inogona kureva kukwenya simbi yakaomeswa mold uye kutanga patsva. Ichi ndicho chikonzero kubatana kwepamberi-iyo dhizaini yekuongorora kwekugadzira-ndiyo chikamu chakakosha. Ndiko uko mainjiniya ane ruzivo anogona kunongedzera, Iyo yemukati yekona radius inokonzeresa shrinkage. Kana tikaiwedzera ne1mm, tinogona kuvimbisa kunaka pasina kukanganisa basa rako, kuchengetedza zviuru pasi pemutsara.
Pfungwa Yekupedzisira: Inyanzvi Yakavanzwa seNzira
Pakupera kwezuva, kugadzira yakavimbika chikamu chekukanda wakisi chakarasika inoramba iri musanganiswa wesainzi nehunyanzvi hwekuita. Iwo maCAD modhi uye simulation software inova nani gore rega rega, asi ivo havasati vakwanisa kuverengera hunyoro hwemhepo pazuva iro goko raomeswa kana kusiyanisa kusinganzwisisike mune alloy kunyunguduka kubva kutsva batch ye feedstock. Ndiko uko makore makumi matatu enhoroondo yehwaro, seQSY's, anoiswa muzvikamu-kwete mulogo, asi muchimiro chezviyo chakafanana chemuviri wevharuvhu inochengetedza kana nzvimbo isina gwapa yemvura yegungwa.
Chinangwa hachisi chekungoita chimiro. Iko kugadzira chimiro chinoita pasi pekunetseka, kupisa, kana ngura, batch after batch. Kuvimbika ikoko kunovakwa kubva kuchuru diki, sarudzo dzakaringana dzakaitwa kubva mukamuri yewakisi kuenda kuchoto chekupisa. Izvo zvakashata, zvinodzokorora, uye kure nemufananidzo unopenya webhurocha, asi ndizvo zvinogadzira chikamu chesimbi chinoshanda, chepamusoro-soro.
