Paunonzwa 'kurasika wax jecha kukanda', vazhinji vanofunga nezve zvishongo zvakaomarara kana zvidimbu zveunyanzvi. Ndiwo musungo wakajairika. Mumamiriro eindasitiri, kunyanya kune yakaoma, yakaderera-kusvika-yepakati vhoriyamu simbi zvikamu, imhuka yakasiyana zvachose. Hazvisi zvekungogadzira mold; ndezvekutarisira muchato pakati peiyo chaiyo wakisi pateni uye inosimba jecha mold, kuziva chaizvo apo maitiro acharwa newe, uye kuva nemachining backup kuti uchenese tsvina yainosiya shure.
Iyo Core Kuvhiringidzika: Haisi Yakachena Investment Casting
Vanhu vanowanzozvikanda zvese pasi pe 'investment casting'. Asi kukanda kwechokwadi kwekudyara kunoshandisa ganda receramic. Kurasika kwejecha rewakisi ndiyo rougher, more pragmatic cousin. Iwe uchiri kutanga newakisi kana soluble pattern-ndiyo 'yakarasika wax' chikamu. Asi panzvimbo yekuvaka zvidimbu zveceramic, unorongedza pateni iyoyo mubhokisi rejecha, kazhinji uchishandisa jecha rakasungirirwa resin. Unonyungudutsa wakisi kunze, wodira simbi mukati. Kupedzwa kwepamusoro hakuzoite segirazi sekushanda kwegoko receramic, asi kune zvakawanda zvinoshanda, kunyanya zvihombe, inotapira inodhura. Chinetso ndechekudzora maitiro ejecha panguva yekuneta uye kudira.
Paunonyatsoona musiyano uri mugwara. Kune ganda receramic, unogona kutiza nepedyo-zero dhizaini angles pamapateni. Nejecha, unoda zvakawanda. Kwete zvakawanda, asi zvakakwana kuti jecha ribatane zvakanaka uye risunungurwe pasina kubvaruka. Ndakaona mapurojekiti achitadza nekuti mugadziri, aiwanzoita mari yekukanda specs, akatumira pateni ine madziro akatwasuka ekuita jecha. Mwoyo wakadonha. Yakanga iri bongozozo. Iwe unofanirwa kugadzira iyo mold medium.
Apa ndipo pane chiitiko chechitoro chiri zvese. Kambani yakadai Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY), nemakumi matatu emakore ekugadzira uye kugadzira, vangangoona kudzokororwa kwese kweizvi. Ivo vanonyora ese ari maviri shell mold (rimwe izwi receramic shell investimendi yekukandira) uye kuisa mari kukanda zvakasiyana pane yavo saiti https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, izvo zvinondiudza kuti vanonzwisisa musiyano. Paunoshanda neakakosha alloys-nickel-based, cobalt-based-iyo misiyano inonyanya kukosha. Iyo gating system ye superalloy mujecha mold inopesana neceramic shell inyika yakaparadzana maererano nekupisa kwekupisa uye mukana wekubatanidzwa.
Ijecha pacharo: Kupfuura Kungosviba
'Jecha' riri muzita rinorasisa. Haisi jecha rekutamba. Kazhinji ijecha resilika kana zircon, rakaputirwa neresin binder-kazhinji phenolic kana furan system. Reshiyo, nguva yekusanganisa, tembiricha yekurapa; izvi hazvisi zvakasiyana, mirairo. Ita kuti musanganiswa ushaye, uye simba rako rekuumbwa radzimwa. Kunyanya kupera simba, inotsemuka panguva yekudira. Yakanyanya kusimba, haibvumiri shrinkage yakakodzera yesimbi, inotungamirira kumisodzi inopisa mukukanda kwayo.
Takadzidza izvi nenzira yakaoma pachikwata chemitumbi yesimbi isina tsvina. Jecha rakanga ranyanya kupora. Iwo akakandwa akabuda achitaridzika zvakanaka, asi ultrasonic bvunzo yakaratidza webhu ye micro-cracks padyo nenzvimbo dzinopisa. Iyo mold yakanga yakaoma zvikuru, ichirwisana nesimbi sezvainotonhora. Ndaifanira kubvisa zvakawanda. Kugadzirisa kwanga kusiri kunetsa-kungogadzirisa kutenderera kwekurapa-asi kuziva zvekugadzirisa kwakabva kumakore ekubatanidza kutadza modes kudzoka kugadzirisa paramita.
Imwe nuance ndeye jecha reclamation. Iwe haugone kuishandisa zvakare nekusingaperi. Iyo binder inoputsika, faindi dzinoungana. Iyo yakanaka yakawanikwa inotarisisa iyo LOI (Kurasikirwa paIgnition) yejecha ravo rakadzoserwa. Ndingada kuona kuti kushanda kwenguva yakareba sei QSY inogadzirisa hupenyu hwavo hwejecha, kunyanya kana vachichinja pakati pezvinhu zvakaita sesimbi yakakandwa uye nickel alloys. Kusvibiswa-kusvibiswa kwejecha kubva kune imwe mhuri yealloy kuenda kune imwe kunogona kuunza zvinhu zvekutevera zvinoparadza simbi.
Iyo Wax Patani: Panotangira Dimensional Control (uye Inoguma)
Zvose zvinoenderana nemuenzaniso. For kurasika kukanda jecha rewakisi, unowanzo shandisa wakisi yakapfava, yakaderera-inonyungudika pane yebasa re ceramic shell. Inoda kusimba zvakakwana kubata jecha ramming asi yakapfava zvekunyunguduka zvakachena pasina chasara. Chasara ndicho mhondi. Chero yakasara carbonaceous gunk kubva wakisi ichaita gasi kukanganisa mukukanda.
Majekiseni paramita ye wakisi chinhu kupfuura zvinofungwa nevakawanda. Dzvinyiriro, tembiricha, uye nguva yekubata zvinokanganisa kupera kwewakisi uye kunaka kwepamusoro. Nzvimbo yakanyura zvishoma pawakisi ingaita seisina maturo, asi inoturikira zvakananga kune kanzvimbo katete pamadziro esimbi ekupedzisira. Takambova nedambudziko rinodzokororwa papombi yepombi—nguva dzose iri muchikamu chakafuratirwa chimwe chetecho. Zvakatitorera mavhiki kuti tizvitsvakire kumashure kune wakisi jekiseni mold kutonhora zvisina kuenzana. Iyo wakisi patani yaivhiringika payaitonhora, asi yaive yakapusa waingoiona nejig check.
Ichi ndicho chikonzero kubatanidzwa nemachining, senge CNC masevhisi QSY inopa, isingagone kutaurirana. Iwe hauwanzo kuwana mambure-chimiro kukanda kubva pane iyi maitiro, kunyanya ane yakaoma geometries. Iyo midziyo yemuenzaniso inopfeka, jecha rinoshanduka zvishoma nezvishoma. Iyo as-cast chikamu ndiyo yako yakaoma stock. Iyo CNC machining nhanho ndipo paunorova iwo ekupedzisira zviyero uye kushivirira. Iwo mutambo-wekuita maviri: kukanda kunoita iwe 95% ipapo, machining anoburitsa iyo yekupedzisira 5% nemazvo.
Gating uye Kudyisa: Iyo Isingaonekwe Injiniya
Iyi ndiyo dhizaini yebasa rekutanga. Kudira simbi yakanyungudutswa muvhu rejecha hakuna kufanana nekuzadza bhaketi. Unoda hurongwa-vanomhanya, magedhi, risers-kutonga kuyerera uye kudya shrinkage sezvo simbi inosimba. For kurasika kukanda jecha rewakisi, hurongwa uhu kazhinji kuvakwa kupinda wakisi muenzaniso gungano pachayo. Mapatani ewakisi akawanda anonamirwa pa'muti' wewakisi wepakati unoumba kapu yekudira nevamhanyi.
Kugadzira muti uyu chiitiko chakachena. Isa chinosimudza panzvimbo isiri iyo, uye iwe unogadzira hotspot inopisa iyo inosimudzira shrinkage porosity. Shandisa gedhi rakanyanya kudiki, unowana mhute inomhanya uye inovharwa nechando. Yakakura kwazvo, uye iwe unogadzira mhirizhonga yakawandisa inovharira jecha uye slag. Ndinoyeuka chirongwa chemugungwa-giredhi rebhuronzi uko taigara tichiwana jecha rinosanganisirwa. Takagadzirisa tembiricha yekudira, takasefa simbi, hapana chakashanda. Pakupedzisira, mugadziri wepatani yemaoko akachitarisa ndokuti gedhi rakanga richipinda mugomba rakanyanya kukwidza, zvichiita kuti simbi iite jeti uye ibvise mudhuri wejecha. Aitaura chokwadi. Shanduko yakapfava mugadziriro yewakisi yakagadzirisa.
Iyi nhanho yekugadzirisa matambudziko ndiyo yaungatarisira kubva kune nyanzvi. Tichitarisa zvinhu izvo QSY inoshanda ne-isina, alloys akakosha-iyo dhizaini yekugezera inotonyanya kukosha. Aya alloys ane akasiyana fluidity uye solidification mapatani pane yakajeka kabhoni simbi. Dhizaini yegedhi inoshanda simbi yakakandwa inogona kukonzera kutsemuka mune nickel-based alloy. Haisi imwe-saizi-inokodzera-zvese maitiro.
Nei Zvichiri Zvichikosha Munyika yeCNC
Nemichina yemazuva ano 5-axis CNC, unogona kubvunza kuti sei uchinetseka nekukanda zvachose? Wadii kungoita muchina kubva kune yakasimba bar? Kune imwe-kure prototypes, pamwe. Asi yekugadzira inomhanya ye50-100 zvidimbu, kurasika kukanda jecha rewakisi anokunda pakubudirira kwezvinhu uye mutengo, kunyanya nemaaloyi anodhura. Uri kuisa simbi chete painodiwa, kwete kugadzira 70% yeinodhura nickel alloy billet. Iyo yepedyo-net-chimiro chimiro chinochengetedza kwete zvinhu chete, asi huwandu hukuru hwemachining nguva.
Inobvumirawo majeometri asingagoneki kana asingagoneki nekugadzira chete. Migero yemukati, pasi, maitiro akaoma akakombama-izvi zvinogona kuumbwa zvakananga ne mold. Basa rinotevera reCNC nderechokwadi zviso, shinda, uye mating. Ihwo huzivi hwekugadzira hwakasanganiswa. Kambani inopa zvese kukanda uye kugadzira pasi pedenga rimwe, sezvinoita QSY, inonzwisisa iyi synergy mukati. Ivo vanogona kukwirisa chikamu dhizaini yerwendo rwese rwekugadzira, kwete chikamu chimwe chete chayo.
Muedzo chaiwo uri mukugadziriswa kwezvikamu zvekare kana zvisingachashandi. Reverse engineering chikamu chakatyoka, kugadzira wakisi pateni kubva pa 3D scan kana chikamu chekare, uye kumhanyisa batch diki kuburikidza nekurasika jecha rekukanda kazhinji ndiyo yega mhinduro inoshanda. Inoita kuti midziyo yenhaka irambe ichishanda. Icho chinhu chinoshanda, chisina kunaka, asi chakakosha zvikuru chekushandisa ichi chekare-chikoro maitiro. Hazvisi zvepamusoro-vhoriyamu otomatiki; ndezvekuchinjika, hunyanzvi hwekugadzira simbi. Uye izvo, ndinofungidzira, ndizvo zvakatsigira mashandiro kuburikidza nemakumi emakore ekuchinja kweindasitiri.
