Kana vanhu vazhinji vakanzwa 'martensitic Stainless simbi', vanobva vangofunga 'zvakaoma'. Izvo hazvina kukanganisa, asi ndiko kutanga kwekusanzwisisana kwakawanda mukutenga nekushandisa. Nyaya chaiyo haisi yekungowana yakakwira Rockwell C nhamba; ndezvekutamba kwakaoma kunzwisisa pakati pemakemikari, kurapwa kwekupisa, uye kutengeserana kusingadzivisiki. Ndakaona mapurojekiti akawandisa achimira nekuti mumwe munhu akataura generic 410 kana 420 ye 'corrosion resistance and simba' asingabati kuti zvinonyatso revei pauriri hwechitoro. Kutsemuka kunodzima, kupeta-peta mushure mekuoma, kushaikwa kunoshamisa kwekuomarara kwechinhu chinoratidzika sechinhu chakasimba - izvi ndizvo zvidzidzo chaizvo. Aya haasi mabhuku ezvinyorwa; ndizvo zvaunodzidza mushure mekurasa mabhechi mashoma.
The Core Identity uye Zvazvinoita Zvinoita
Ngatikurukure tidzokere. Martensitic simbi isina tsvina inonyanya kuoma Fe-Cr-C alloy. Chinokosha kushanduka kwemartensitic - kukurumidza kudzima kubva kune tembiricha inotyisa inobata maatomu ekabhoni, zvichigadzira chimiro chakamonyaniswa, chepamusoro-soro chemuviri. Ndiko kunobva kuoma. Asi heino yekutanga kubata kunobata: iyo yakakwira kabhoni yekuomarara (senge mu440C), ndipo paunonyanya kukanganisa weldability uye, neimwe nzira inopesana nesimbi 'isina simbi, corrosion resistance. Chromium inoda kubatana nekabhoni kuti igadzire carbides, iyo inoitora kunze kwemhinduro, ichideredza chromium yemahara inowanikwa kuti igadzire iyo passive oxide layer. Saka, iwe unogona kuve neyakaomarara 58 HRC blade ichiri kuratidza ngura.
Mubasa redu rekugadzira pa Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY), tinowanzosangana nembiri iyi. Mutengi achatumira mufananidzo wechikamu chevharuvhu kana shaft yepombi mu17-4PH (inonaya-inoomesa martensitic mhando, asi ngatiiunganidze pano kuti tikurukure). Vanoda iyo magineti zvivakwa, simba regoho, uye kumwe kuramba kwecorrosion. Dambudziko rinotangira padanho rezvigadzirwa. Iyo bar stock's inherent stress kubva kune yayo yekugadzira maitiro inogona kukanganisa nyonganiso panguva yedu inotevera CNC machining. Takadzidza kugara tichitsanangura kushushikana-kudzoreredzwa stock yezviyero zvakakosha, kana bhajeti repakati pekurapa kupisa isu pachedu. Mutengo, asi zvakachipa pane chikamu chinotenderera 0.1mm mushure mekupedzisira kupisa kupisa.
Iko kupisa kwekupisa pachayo ndiko uko unyanzvi hunosangana nesayenzi. Haisi iyo 'set uye kukanganwa' chirongwa chevira. Tembiricha yeaustenitizing yakakosha-yakadzika zvakanyanya, uye hauwane mhinduro yakazara; yakakwira zvakanyanya, iwe uri panjodzi yakawandisa yakachengetwa austenite kana kukura kwezviyo. Zvadaro kudzima: oiri ndiyo yakajairwa, asi kubvongodzwa uye tembiricha yemafuta anodzimisa zvinhu zvakanyanya kudzikisa kukanganisa uye njodzi yekupwanya, kunyanya pane yakaoma yekudyara castings ine akasiyana-siyana-zvikamu. Takambove nebatch ye thin-walled Investment casting prototypes muna 410 mutswe zvinenge zvinonzwika panguva kudzima. Tinodzidzei? Kune zvimiro zvakaomarara, dzimwe nguva giredhi remartensitic haisiriyo mhinduro, kana dhizaini inoda radii nekukora kweyunifomu yatingapokana nayo muchikamu cheDFM (Design for Manufacture).
Machining uye Kupedzisa: The Shop Floor Reality
Machining annealed martensitic simbi isina tsvina imhuka yakasiyana nekugadzira chimiro chayo chakaoma. Mune annealed state (inowanzo itwa kusvika ku85 HRB), iri gummy. Iyo haityore machipisi zvakachena senge 303 austenitic; inoita kuumba marefu, ane tambo machipi anogona weld kune chishandiso uye kuparadza pamusoro pekupedzisira. Turusi geometry, machira (TiAlN inoshanda nemazvo), uye yakanyanya-kumanikidza inotonhorera kutyora uye kubvisa machipisi hazvigone kutaurirana. Isu tinomhanyisa mabasa aya pane yedu inorema, yakaoma CNC machining nzvimbo dzekudzikisa kudedera.
Post-machining kupisa kurapwa ndiyo pfungwa yekusadzoka. Kana uchinge waomesa, chero imwezve machining yakaoma zvakanyanya, inogumira zvakanyanya pakukuya kana EDM. Kutevedzana uku ndiko kwakakosha. Takava nechiitiko chekudzidza chinorwadza makore apfuura nechikamu chegiya. Mutengi aida kuchekwa mazino mushure mekuoma kuti ave nechokwadi che geometry yakakwana. Isu taifanira kuita pasi-chibvumirano kune nyanzvi ine CBN inokuya mavhiri, uye mutengo uye nguva yakawandisa zvaive zvakakosha. Zvino, tsika yedu yakajairika, uye izvo zvatinoraira vatengi pachikuva chedu tsngtaocnc.com, ndeyekuchina kusvika kumamita ekupedzisira munzvimbo yakanyungudutswa, kuverengera kukura kunofungidzirwa / kuderera kubva mukuoma uye kudziya kutenderera. Izvi zvinoda raibhurari yakadzama yedata renhoroondo yekuti ma geometries mumagiredhi chaiwo anofamba sei, ayo atakavaka anopfuura makore makumi matatu mukati. kugadzira uye kugadzira.
Kupedzisa ndeimwe nuance. A passivated martensitic simbi isina tsvina chikamu hachizombovi nekupikiswa kwekuora kwechikamu che316L. Iyo passivation process (kazhinji nitric kana citric acid) inobatsira, asi iri kusimudzira isina kusimba inherent layer. Zvekushandisa munzvimbo dzinotyisa zvinyoro, sezvimwe zvikamu zvemuchina wekugadzira chikafu kana zvigadziriso zvemugungwa, yemhando yepamusoro electropolish mushure mekupfuura inogona kuita mutsauko unooneka. Iyo inotsvedza micro-peaks, inoderedza nzvimbo dzekutanga pitting. Iyo inhanho yekuwedzera, asi inovhara mukaha pakati pekudzikiswa kwezvinhu uye zvinodiwa zvekushandisa.
Kusarudzwa Kwezvinhu: Nguva Yokuishandisa, Nguva Yekufamba
Uyu ndiwo musimboti wekutonga kwenyanzvi. Martensitic simbi isina tsvina inopenya kwaunoda musanganiswa wepakati corrosion resistance, high simba/kuoma, uye kazhinji, magineti permeability. Funga mabladhi eturbine mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzechipfunga, kucheka, mapanga, midziyo yekuvhiya, mijaho inotakura mune zvisina kunyura mumvura, uye zvinosungirira senge mabhaudhi ane simba guru. Kunaya-kuomesa misiyano senge 17-4PH yakanakisa kune yakaoma, yakakwirira-simba remuchadenga zvinhu zvinofanirwa kubata kushivirira kwakasimba mushure mekurapa kushoma-kukanganisa kuchembera.
Nekudaro, iwe unofanirwa kushinga kuidzivirira nekuda kwezvivakwa zvakashongedzwa zvizere (kunze kwekunyanyisa pre/post-heat treatment protocols), kune maapplication ari munzvimbo dzine chloride-rich (sepadyo nemvura yegungwa isina dziviriro), kana uko kuoma kwesimba pakudziya kwakaderera kwakakosha. Iyo yemuviri-yakatarisana chimiro chemartensite ine ductile-to-brittle shanduko yekushisa; inogona kuita brittle zvine njodzi mukushandira kunotonhora. Ndinoyeuka kukundikana kuongororwa kwe hydraulic piston rod yakatsemuka inoshandiswa mumuchina wekunze wemasango munguva yechando; iyo 420 zvinhu zvakasangana nekuoma kwakasiyana asi yakaputsika pakukanganisa. Austenitic Stainless kana simbi yakadzika-tembiricha ingadai yakave yakarurama.
Kushanda ne special alloys kufanana necobalt-based kana nickel-based alloys dzimwe nguva inopa mhinduro inoyevedza, kunyangwe nemutengo wepamusoro. Semuyenzaniso, kune inokuvadza zvakanyanya uye zvine mwero corrosive slurry pump impeller, yakaoma martensitic stainless se 440C inogona kutariswa, asi Stellite (cobalt alloy) weld-overlay kana yakasimba. Investment casting mune nickel alloy senge Alloy 255 inogona kupa yepamusoro yehupenyu-kutenderera mutengo kunyangwe yakakwira kumusoro kwemutengo. PaQSY, tinowanzo kuve nehurukuro idzi, tichitungamira vatengi kuburikidza neiyi matrix yekuita, kugadzira, uye mutengo wakakwana.
Nyaya yeChikamu: A Valve Component Saga
Muenzaniso wekongiri kubva kuchitoro chedu. Mutengi aida hunde yevharuvhu yepamusoro. Iyo spekid inodaidzira kunaka kwekusagadzikana kwekemikari yakapfava, kupfeka kwakakwirira kuramba panzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso, uye pasina deformation yekusingaperi pasi pe900 MPa tensile stress. Ivo pakutanga vakakurudzira 316L yekudzivirira ngura. Takasundidzira kumashure. 316L haigone kuomeswa zvakakwana kune zvinodiwa zvekupfeka. Isu takakurudzira 440C yekupfeka pamusoro asi takatarisana negororo rekudzivirira.
Mhinduro yaive nzira yakasanganiswa. Iyo huru stem body yakagadzirwa kubva ku17-4PH muChimiro A (yakavharirwa), ndokuzochembera kusvika kuH900 mushure mekugadzira, ichipa iyo yakakosha simba. Iyo yakakosha yekuisa chisimbiso nzvimbo yenzvimbo yakazoomeswa nepasi pachishandiswa laser process kugadzira yakaomeswa martensitic zone isingakanganise zvinhu zvakawanda zvekuora zvinhu. Yaive isiri-standard process yaida kubatana kwepedyo pakati pedu Machining timu uye mudiwa wekurapa kupisa. Chikamu chakabudirira, asi kutora kwaive kwakachena martensitic simbi isina tsvina yanga isiri mhinduro yega; chaive chikamu chehurongwa hwezvinhu.
Iri rudzi rwekugadzirisa-dambudziko ndiko uko generic material data sheets inodonha. Ivo vanokupa goho simba uye ngura mwero murabhoritari asidhi, asi havakuudze kuti zvinhu zvinozvibata sei paunenge uchiedza kubata 0.02mm kushivirira pane yakatetepa flange ichaona 800 ° C kudzima. Ruzivo irworwo rwunobva mukuzviita, kutadza pano neapo, uye nekudzokorora. Ndosaka makambani ane nhoroondo refu mukati kugadzira uye kugadzira, seyedu neanopfuura makore makumi matatu, unganidza rudzi rweruzivo rwakadzikama rwakakosha semichina iri pasi.
Mafungiro Ekupedzisira: Remekedza Maitiro
Saka, izwi rekupedzisira riri papi martensitic simbi isina tsvina? Imhuri ine simba, inogoneka yezvishandiso, asi inoda ruremekedzo. Haisi 'kudonhedza-mukati' kutsiva kabhoni simbi kana iwe uchida kakati wandei kuramba corrosion. Maitiro ayo anoenderana zvakanyanya nenhoroondo yayo yekupisa. Kuitsanangura zvinobudirira kunoda kufunga zvizere nezve cheni yese yekugadzira - kubva pamill mamiriro e stock kana dhizaini ye shell mold casting, kuburikidza nechero machining op, yakananga muchoto chekupisa uye kupinda mubhenji rekuongorora rekupedzisira.
Chikanganiso chikuru ndechekuchitora sechinhu chinotengeswa. Chinhu chepamusoro-chekuita chinoda maitiro anoenderana nekuita. Kana iwe uchinge wazviwana zvakanaka, mhedzisiro yacho yakasarudzika: zvinhu zvakaoma, zvinogara, uye zvinoenderana nechinangwa. Kana ukazvikanganisa, kukundikana kunodhura uye kunodzidzisa. Chinangwa ndechekusimudzira yekutanga uye kuderedza iyo yekupedzisira, iyo yekupedzisira, ndiyo musimboti weinjiniya inoshanda nechero chinhu, kunyanya chinoda uye chinopa mubayiro semartensitic stainless.
