Kana iwe wanga wakatenderedza kugadzira kwenguva yakakwana, iwe wakanzwa iyo pitch yeMetal Injection Molding (MIM). Inowanzo tengeswa senge iyi yemashiripiti maitiro anogona kugadzira chero yakaoma, diki simbi chikamu nekureruka kwekuumbwa kwepurasitiki. Ndiyo nzvimbo yekutanga vanhu kugumburwa. Haasi mashiripiti, uye zvirokwazvo haasi echero chikamu. Chokwadi ndechekutamba, kutarisisa-kunotarisisa pakati pehupfu simbi uye majekiseni epurasitiki ekuumba nheyo, ine nzvimbo yakawanda yekuti zvinhu zviende kudivi kana iwe usingaremekedze miganhu yemaitiro. Ndakaona mapurojekiti akawandisa achinyura mukati nekuda kwerwiyo rwesiren rwekuoma uye vhoriyamu, kungopunzika pamahombekombe ekukanganisa kwekukanganisa kana kusawirirana kwestockstock.
Iyo Core yeMIM: Zvese nezve Feedstock uye Binder
Ngatitangei panotangira maitiro: feedstock. Iyi haingori hupfu hwesimbi yakasanganiswa nepurasitiki. Musanganiswa wakakwana wehupfu yesimbi yakatsetseka, funga 20 microns kana zvishoma-uye multi-component binder system. Bainda ndiyo glue yenguva pfupi. Kuwana kusanganiswa uku ndiko 80% yehondo. Kana hupfu husina kugovaniswa zvakakwana, unowana density gradients. Mukunyunguduka, chikamu ichocho chinoputika sechipu chembatatisi. Ndinoyeuka purojekiti yechikamu chekuvhiya chigero kwatakarwa kwemavhiki nemutengesi mutsva. Iyo poda yakawanda yaive nekamwe kadiki kadiki kugovera saizi. Zvaitaridzika zvakanaka mumushumo werabhoritari, asi zvikamu zvakaumbwa zvaive zvisingaite, zvine girizi pamusoro pekunzwa. Sintered, vaive brittle. Mupari wemhosva? Shanduko pamusoro penzvimbo yehupfu yakashandura kuti yanyorovesa sei binder, zvichiita kuti bhainda riparadzane panguva yekuumbwa. Kuchinja kudiki, kutadza kukuru.
Zvadaro pane kuumba pachayo. Uri kupinza iyi granulated feedstock muchishandiso chinogona kuita madhora makumi mashanu kusvika kumadhora zana. Inotaridzika uye inonzwa kunge jekiseni repurasitiki kuumba, asi maparamita akasiyana. Iyo melt viscosity yakakwira, uye uri kubata neabrasive material. Kupfeka kwemidziyo imari chaiyo, inogara iripo. Iwe haugone kungoseta muchina wokanganwa. Isu tinomhanyisa maitiro ekugona zvidzidzo (Cpk) pane ese akakosha dimension kubva kupfuti yekutanga. Kunyange zvakadaro, bhandi rekudziisa rinotadza pabhodhoro, tembiricha inochinja, uye kamwe kamwe kudzvanywa kwejekiseni rako kwakadzimwa, zvichikonzera diki voids. Iwo ma voids anogona kusaratidza kusvika mushure mekupisa, semakomba epamusoro.
Nhanho yekubvisa ndiyo iyo chikamu chekuumba jekiseni chinopera uye chikamu chesimbi chinotanga. Iyi ikemikari inononoka, yakangwarira kana kupisa kwekubvisa bhainda rekutanga. Rumbidza, uye iwe unowana mitswe kana mablisters. Idanho vazhinji vatsva vanorerutsa, vachifunga kuti ingori kutenderera kwechoto. Zvakanyanya kufanana nekuora kunodzorwa. Mushure maizvozvo, unosara nechikamu chebrown—skeleton isina kusimba, ine porous yesimbi yakasungirirwa pamwe chete netrace backbone binder. Inguva yekubata-ne-kutarisira.
Sintering: Pfungwa Yekusadzoka
Sintering ndiwo moyo weMIM maitiro. Apa ndipo panova chikamu chebrown chinova chikamu chesimbi chakasimba. Urikuchipisa muchoto chinodzorwa-kazhinji hydrogen kana vacuum-kusvika pazasi penzvimbo yekunyungudika kwesimbi. Zvimedu zvinosanganiswa. Chikamu chinodzikira, kufanotaura uye zvakafanana, iwe unotarisira. Isu tinotaura nezve shrink factor, kazhinji yakatenderedza 15-20%, iyo inobhadharwa chaizvo mukugadzira mold. Asi zvinofanotaurwa ishoko redzidziso.
Ndakashanda pachikamu chepamusoro-soro chekupisa pfuti. Chikamu chacho chaiva chiredzo chakareba, chitete. Muchoto, zvikamu zvinotsigirwa pamaseti eceramic. Kana iyo setter isina kunyatso kufuratira, kana kana choto chine nzvimbo inopisa, iyo yakareba chikamu chinogona kunyura pasi pehuremu hwayo panguva yepurasitiki yekupisa. Takanga tine batch apo 30% yakabuda ine zvishoma curvature. Hazvina kukwana kutadza go/no-go gauge nekukasira, asi zvakakwana kukanganisa kusawirirana kwechirimo mugungano rekupedzisira. Chikonzero chikuru? Njanji yekutakura yakasakara muchoto chinopisa ichikonzera kutekeshera kusinga nzwike panguva yekupisa tembiricha ramp. Zvakatora mazuva tichitarisa zvese tisati tazviwana.
Mamiriro ekunze ndeimwe shanduko yakanyarara. Kune simbi isina simbi 17-4PH, iwe unoda chidimbu kudzvanywa kwechimwe chinhu kudzora kabhoni yemukati, iyo inokanganisa zvakananga kuoma kwekupedzisira uye kushora. Kudonha kudiki mugonhi rechoto gasket kunosuma okisijeni, uye unowana oxidation yepamusoro inogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwekuneta. Iwe hauzvione kusvika waita munyu wekupfapfaidza test. Ndiko kupindirana kwakavanzika uku kunopatsanura chitoro chinongomhanyisa zvikamu kubva kune chinozvigadzira.
Iko MIM Inokodzera uye KwaIsingaite
MIM haisi kutsiva machining kana kuisa mari mukati mebhodhi. Nzvimbo yaro inotapira yakaoma, diki-kusvika-yepakati-yakakura zvikamu (funga pasi pe100 gramu, kazhinji pasi pe25 magiramu) inoda pedyo-net-chimiro kugadzirwa muhuwandu kubva 10k zvidimbu pagore zvichikwira. Funga zvikamu zvegiya, mabhuraketi emapfupa, zvikamu zvepfuti, zvinobatanidza. Kana iwe uchikwanisa kuigadzira zviri nyore kubva kubhawa stock mumabasa maviri, MIM pamwe haidhure-yemakwikwi, kunyangwe pahuwandu. Mutengo wekushandisa ndicho chipingamupinyi.
Asi kune chikamu seimba diki yesimbi isina simbi ine shinda dzemukati, maburi epamativi, uye madziro matete? Ndipo panopenya MIM. Iwe unoumba zvese izvo maficha mune imwe pfuti. Iyo imwe nzira inogona kunge iri yakawanda-axis CNC machining diki billet, ine hombe marara emidziyo uye inononoka kutenderera nguva. Ndinoyeuka ndichiongorora chimwe chikamu chemucheka wemazino. Yakanga yakaita sepikicha yesimbi diki, yakaoma kunzwisisa. Mutengo wemuchina waive wemuchadenga uye waive nenyaya dzekushivirira. MIM yakaunza mune inokwanisika renji, kunyangwe isu taifanira kugadzirazve mamwe makona emukati kudzivirira nyaya dzekurongedza hupfu panguva yekuumbwa.
Zvinhu zvezvinhu zvinowanzova pfungwa yekukurukurirana. A sintered MIM chikamu chinowanzo 95-99% yehuremu hwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa. Kune akawanda maapplication, iwo ma mechanical properties anodarika kukwana. Asi kana iwe uchida ekupedzisira kusimba simba kana kureba kunofanana nechikamu chakaumbwa, MIM inogona kusakusvitsa ipapo. Iko kutengeserana. Iwe uri kutengesa zvishoma zvekupedzisira kuita kwedhizaini yakaoma uye mutengo weyuniti pachiyero.
Iyo Machining Handshake: Sei Vadyidzani Vanoda QSY Matter
Iyi ipoindi yakakosha inowanzo potsa: mashoma mashoma eMIM zvikamu zvechokwadi net-shape. Zvizhinji zvinoda maoperation echipiri. Ndiko uko kuve nemudiwa ane hunyanzvi hwakadzama pasi pemvura hakusi nyore; zvakakosha. Tora kambani yakafanana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Iwe unotarisa nhoroondo yavo-makore anopfuura 30 mukugadzira nekugadzira. Ndizvo zvinokuudza chimwe chinhu. Pandinopa zvikamu zveMIM kana kushanda pamwe nemuumbi, handisi kungotenga sevhisi yekuisa. Ndiri kutenga kugona kubata rwendo rwese.
Chimiro chakajairwa: isu sinter 316L Stainless simbi valve chikamu. Inoda kubhowa kwakakosha kunobata kushivirira kwe +/- 0.013mm, kupera kwepamusoro uko MIM chete isingakwanise kuwana. Maitiro eMIM anotiwana 95% ipapo, ine inodzorwa shrink. Zvadaro, tinozvitumira kuchitoro seQSY chechokwadi CNC machining pane icho chibora. Chiitiko chavo nezvinhu zvakafanana kubva kwavari Investment casting uye shell mold casting basa zvinoreva kuti vanonzwisisa simbi. Vanoziva kugadzirisa chikamu chakasimwa (hachina kuomarara senge chivharo chakaitwa), chii chinodyisa uye nekumhanyisa kushandisa pane porous padhuze-net-shape geometry, uye maitiro ekuchengetedza kushora kweiyo isina tsvina mushure mekugadzira. Kuedza kuita izvozvo negeneric machine shop iresiphi yezvimedu uye kurwadziwa pamoyo.
Basa ravo nema alloys akakosha-cobalt-based alloys, nickel-based alloys-ndiko kumwe kupindirana kwakakosha. Izvi zvakajairika muMIM kune zvekurapa uye zvemuchadenga application. Vakaoma muchina. Muumbi anogona sinter Inconel 718 uye machinist anogona kuipedza musanganiswa une simba. Inogadzirisa cheni yekugovera uye, zvinotonyanya kukosha, inova nechokwadi chekuzvidavirira kwemhando haina kupatsanurwa pakati pevatengesi vatatu vakasiyana vachipomerana mhosva. Unogona kuvawana papuratifomu yavo, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, iyo inotsanangura kugona kwavo kuyambuka-maitiro. Kubatanidzwa ikoko ndiko kunoshandura chikamu chakanaka cheMIM kuita chakavimbika, chepamusoro-chinoita chikamu.
Zvidzidzo kubva kuMagero: Kukundikana Kwakadzidzisa Zvakawanda Kupfuura Kubudirira
Rega ndigoverane kukundikana kwakaoma. Pakutanga, takanga tine chirongwa che drone kamera gimbal bracket mu17-4PH. Chikamu chacho chaiva neruoko rwakatetepa, rwakavharwa ne cantilever. Dhizaini yaitaridzika zvakanaka pachiratidziri. Zvinyorwa zvekutanga zvakapasa kuongororwa. Panenge zvidimbu zve50,000 mukugadzirwa, takatanga kuwana madzoro emunda wemaoko akatsemuka. Ongororo yekutadza yakaratidza porosity iri pakati pepakati peruoko, ichiita sechinhu chinosimbisa kushushikana.
Kuongororwa kwevakafa kwairwadza asi kuchidzidzisa. Nyaya yaive mukugadzira mold. Gedhi — panopinda chikafu chekudya mugomba — chakaiswa kuti chibviswe nyore, kwete kunyatsoyerera. Kuruwoko urwu rwakatetepa, rwakakonzera kuzeza kudiki pamberi pekuyerera panguva yejekiseni. Kuzeza kudiki ikoko kwakabvumira hupfu uye binder kuti zviparadzanise chikamu chidiki, zvichitungamira mukusiyana kwe density. Mukuita sintering, musiyano iwoyo wakave wakajeka, intergranular pore chimiro. Iyo haina kubatwa neyakajairwa density cheki kana kunyange X-ray pane yedu sampling rate. Yakangokundikana pasi pekuneta kwakasimba mumunda.
Kugadzirisa kwaidhura: mold nyowani ine gedhi rakagadziridzwa uye inopisa mumhanyi system kuti zvirinani kudzora kuyerera. Yakandidzidzisa kuti neMIM, sarudzo yega yega-yegedhi nzvimbo, kukora kwemadziro shanduko, kona radii-ine mutsara wakananga kune microstructural mhedzisiro. Hausi kungogadzira chikamu; uri kugadzira nzira yekuyerera yepoda-binder slurry uye kunotevera kubatanidzwa kwayo nekupisa. Idambudziko reinjiniya masisitimu rakavanzwa sesimbi-kugadzira maitiro.
Saka, kana vanhu vachibvunza kana Metal Injection Molding yakakodzera purojekiti yavo, mhinduro yangu haimbove yakapusa hongu kana kwete. Iri nhevedzano yemibvunzo nezve geometry, vhoriyamu, zvinhu zvekufungidzira, uye, zvakanyanya, chii chinoitika mushure mekunge chikamu chasiya choto chinopisa. Icho chishandiso chine simba, asi chakanyatsojeka. Iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa mutauro waro - mutauro we feedstock, sintering atmospheres, uye isotropic shrink - uye iwe unoda vadyidzani vanotaura mitauro iri padyo yekunyatso machining uye metallurgy kuti chipenga chekupedzisira chiimbe. Ndiyo nyika chaiyo yeMIM, kure nemabhurocha anopenya.
