Paunonzwa 'simbi inopinza jekiseni molding', mufananidzo wekutanga kazhinji kacho chikamu chepurasitiki chakapfava chine shinda yendarira inoiswa. Ndiyo poindi yekupinda, asi hainyatso kukwenya pamusoro. Dambudziko chairo, uye uko mapurojekiti mazhinji anogumburwa, hakusi kungoisa simbi mupurasitiki; ndezvekutonga kusiyanisa kuwedzera kwemafuta, kuwana chisimbiso chehermetic pasi pekumanikidzwa, kana kuona kuti magetsi haakundike mushure me10,000 thermal cycles. Vazhinji vanotora chinoiswa sechinhu changofunga, chinhu chinodonhedzwa muforoma. Mafungiro iwayo anotungamira mukukundikana kwemunda-kutsemuka, kudhonza-kunze, kana kuisa izvo zvinotenderera zvakasununguka mushure memwedzi mitanhatu. Kupinza hakusi chidimbu chesimbi chete; ndiwo moyo unoshanda wegungano, uye kubatanidzwa kwayo kunoraira hupenyu hwechigadzirwa.
Nheyo: Inotanga neKuisa Iyo pachayo
Iwe haugoni kutaura pamusoro pekubudirira simbi isa jekiseni molding pasina kutanga watsemura chinoiswa. Ndakaona mainjiniya akawandisa achingotsanangura yakajairwa knurled brass inoisa kubva pakatalogi. Kune yakaderera-kushushikana kwevatengi chigadzirwa, pamwe ndizvo zvakanaka. Asi kune chero chinhu chiri mumotokari, zvidzoreso zveindasitiri, kana zvekurapa? Ndiko kubheja. Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu kwakakosha. Isimbi isina kabhoni yemutengo here? 300 yakatevedzana isina tsvina yekudzivirira ngura? Kana chimwe chinhu senge nickel-based alloy yenzvimbo dzepamusoro-tembiricha? Sarudzo inobata zvakananga maitiro ekuumba uye kuita kwekupedzisira.
Apa ndipo apo ruzivo nemudiwa anonzwisisa metallurgy rinobhadhara. Ndinoyeuka purojekiti yeimba yekunzwa yaida kushingirira kukwira bhasikoro kubva -40 ° C kusvika 150 ° C. Isu takatanga tashandisa yakajairwa 304 tsvina isina tsvina. Ipurasitiki (yakanyanya-kupisa nylon) yakatsemuka yakatenderedza iyo yekuisa mushure mekukurumidza kuyedzwa. Dambudziko rakanga risiri kuyera kwepurasitiki; iyo yaive kusawirirana mune coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). Isu taifanira kushandura kune yakasarudzika-yakagadzirwa kuisa tichishandisa Invar alloy, iyo ine yakanyanya kuderera CTE, kuti ienderane nani nylon. Irworwo rudzi rwemhinduro harubvi kune generic supplier; inobva muruzivo rwakadzama rwesainzi.
Makambani ane tsoka mune ese masimbi ekugadzira uye mapurasitiki kugadzirisa anounza mukana wakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, imwe kambani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), iine makore makumi matatu kumashure mukudyara kwekudyara uye CNC machining ezvese kubva kusimbi isina tsvina kusvika kune nickel-based alloys, inosvika dhizaini yekuisa zvakasiyana. Havangogadziri chikamu; vanotarisa kuti chimiro chezviyo kubva pakukanda, kana kuti machining stress, zvichabatana sei nekunyungudutswa kwepolymer kuyerera uye kunotevera shrinkage. Kuisa haisi geometry chete; chinhu chakagadzirwa chine nhoroondo inobata chisungo.
Molding Maitirwo: Apo Dzidziso Inosangana (Messy) Chokwadi
Zvakanaka, une chinyorwa chakanyatsogadzirwa. Zvino unofanira kuiumba. Bhuku racho rinoti: pre-heat inoisa kuderedza kupisa kwekushisa uye kuvandudza kusimba kwechisungo. Inonzwika nyore. Asi munzvimbo yekugadzirwa kwepamusoro-soro, pre-heating inowedzera nguva yekutenderera uye kuoma. Saka, chii chiri kutengeserana? Kune hombe, ine madziro akakora, kusvetuka-pre-heat kunovimbisa ma voids kana weld mitsetse yakaitenderedza, ichigadzira nzvimbo isina simba. Nekupinza diki mudzimba dzakatetepa-ine madziro, unogona kubva nazvo, asi uri kurega kuneta kwenguva refu kuramba.
Zvadaro pane kugadzira mold. Iyo yekuisa inofanirwa kuwanikwa uye kubatwa nemazvo chaiwo-tiri kutaura ma microns ekushivirira. Chero kufamba panguva yejekiseni kunoguma nekupenya (kunyura kwepurasitiki mushinda kana nzvimbo dzakakomba) kana, zvakanyanya, pini yakabhenda yepakati. Ndakagadzirisa molds apo nyaya yaingove yekuisa yekurodha gadziriso yakapera pasi mushure memakumi mashanu ezviuru, zvichikonzera kudhiraivha kudiki kwaingoratidza sekutadza kwekupinda muyedzo. Kugadzirisa kwanga kusiri mumaparamita ekuumba; yaive muchirongwa chekugadzirisa midziyo.
Imwe pfungwa yakavanzika: nzvimbo yegedhi inoenderana nekuiswa. Iwe haumbodi kuti iyo yakakwira-pressure melt stream irove inopinza zvakananga. Inogona kutonhora nekukasira kana ikabatwa, zvichikonzera kunyorova kwepamusoro, kana kuti inogona kutsiva chinoiswa zvishoma. Iyo polymer inofanirwa kuyerera ichitenderedza iyo yekuisa, ichibvumira kuti ifukidzwe zvakafanana. Izvi zvinowanzoda yakaomesesa mold kuyerera kumberi, kwete kungofungidzira. Kukundikana kwakajairwa kwandakaona chikamu chakanaka chinopasa bvunzo dzese dzekutanga, asi pasi pekuzunguzika, iyo yekuisa inosunungura nekuti iyo yepurasitiki encapsulation yanga isiri yunifomu, ichisiya rimwe divi mukusarira kusawirirana.
Kukundikana Modes uye Zvavanokudzidzisa
Iwe unodzidza zvakawanda kubva kune chikamu chakakundikana pane kubva kune chakakwana. The classic failure is insert pull-out. Kana iyo yekudhonza-kunze simba yakadzikira pane spec, hunhu hwemunhu wese ndeyekuwedzera mamwe knurls kana akadzika undercuts. Dzimwe nguva izvozvo zvinoshanda. Asi kazhinji, chinokonzera kushushikana kwemukati mupurasitiki. Kana chikamu chacho chikakurumidza kutonhora, kana kuti chinoisa chikanyanya kutonhora, purasitiki inonyura pairi nekushushikana kukuru. Kushushikana uku kunogona kukonzera micro-cracks inopararira nekufamba kwenguva kana nekuratidzwa kwemakemikari. Ndakamboshanda pane imwe fuel system component uko iyo inoisa yaizoburitsa mushure mekusangana nebiofuel. Mamwe maknurl haana kubatsira. Mushonga wacho waive uchichinjira kune imwe polymer isingaite makemikari uye kushandisa post-molding annealing process kusunungura izvo zvemukati zvinonetsa. Kusimba kwechisungo kwakawedzera nepamusoro pe60%.
Imwe kutadza kunyengedza ndeye galvanic corrosion. Izvi zvinoitika kana simbi inopinza uye simbi yekunamira kana chikamu chiri padyo (sePCB trace) inogadzira sero re electrochemical pamberi pe electrolyte (mwando, dikita, maitiro emvura). Kushandisa simbi isina simbi inopinzwa pane aruminiyamu inopisa sink mukati mepurasitiki yakavharirwa kunogona kuve nzira yenjodzi mumagetsi ekunze. Iwe unofanirwa kufunga nezvese system yacho kuenderana kwezvinhu, kwete chete epurasitiki-simbi interface. Kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe kana kushandisa simbi dzakafanana ndizvo zvakakosha.
Kukundikana kwemagetsi kuenderera mberi chikamu chavo pachavo. Zvekuisirwa zvinoshandiswa semagetsi ekubatanidza kana nzvimbo dzekugadzika, iyo yekuumba maitiro haifanire kugadzira insulating oxide layer kana trap zvinosvibisa pane interface. Dzimwe nguva, imwe nzvimbo yekupedzisa pane yekuisa-seyakajeka tin plating-inodiwa kuve nechokwadi chekuvimbika chinotonhora weld pakati pepurasitiki-yakavharirwa simbi uye chitubu chekubata chinozobatanidzwa gare gare. Kuita izvi zvisizvo kunoreva chigadzirwa chinotadza bvunzo yekupedzisira yemagetsi, pasina rework iri nyore.
Kana Isiri Ingori Yekupinza: Yakaoma Metal Subassemblies
Muganhu chaiwo we simbi isa jekiseni molding iri kufamba kupfuura simbi imwe chete. Tiri kutaura pamusoro pekuputira pane zvakafanounganidzwa zvesimbi - diki giya chitima, sensor probe, kana chidhindo chemagetsi terminal array. Apa ndipo panoita kuti maitiro acho aite kushoma kuisa molding uye kunyanya kurongeka encapsulation. Zvinetso zvinowanda. Iwe une akawanda maCTE ekutarisira, akatetepa maficha ekudzivirira kubva kune jekiseni kudzvanywa, uye kazhinji akakosha nzvimbo dzinofanirwa kugara dzisina epurasitiki zvachose.
Ndakabatanidzwa muchirongwa chokupfutidza chiziviso chepressure sensor, icho pachacho chaiva nediaphragm yesimbi isina tsvina. Kuita kwe sensor kwakaparara kana chero kushushikana kwepurasitiki kwakaendeswa kune diaphragm. Hatina kukwanisa kungobata sensor body; taifanira kugadzira mold yaitsigira zvachose pamwe chete neaxis yayo uye injected the plastic kubudikidza nenhevedzano yemadiki-magedhi mupateni yakagadzira yakanyatsoenderana, kushoma kudzvinyirira panzvimbo yakakosha. Zvakatora gumi nemaviri mold miedzo kuti iwane dhizaini yegedhi uye kutonhora marongero. Ihwo hunyanzvi hunodiwa pano hunosanganisa kunyatsogadzira machining (kugadzira akakwana mold cavities uye anotsigira) ine nuanced kunzwisisa kwepolymer rheology.
Iyi ndiyo chaiyo domendi iyo mugadziri akawedzera kugona kunoita sarudzo. Kambani yakaita seQSY, iine yakakura CNC machining uye ruzivo rwekushanda nepamusoro-inoshanda alloys yekukandira mari, inomiswa kubata uku kuoma. Vanogona kudhinda iyo yakaoma simbi subassembly, kunzwisisa kushivirira kwayo uye kushaya simba, uye vobva vabatana pakugadzira mold kuidzivirira panguva yekuwedzeredza. Inzira yakabatanidzwa. Iwe hausi kungotumira dhinda kune molder uye rakasiyana kudhinda kune machinist; iyo yese process inobatanidzwa-engineered. Kune chikamu chakakosha muvhavha yekudzora kuyerera, semuenzaniso, kubatanidzwa uku kwaireva musiyano pakati peiyo prototype uye yakavimbika, yakawanda-inogadzirwa chikamu.
The Economic Reality: Mutengo vs. Kukosha
Ngative vakapusa: simbi isa jekiseni molding haiwanzova nzira yakachipa yekuita chikamu. Iyo yekuisa inodhura mari, kutenderera kutenderera kunononoka, uye chishandiso chakanyanya kuoma. Kururamisa kunogara kuri mukuwedzera kukosha uye yakazara system kuderedzwa kwemutengo. Kana icho chinopinza chikabvisa imwe gungano rechipiri-sekupeta nemaoko mufastener - unogona kuhwina pamutengo. Kana ichigonesa chisimbiso chisina mvura icho chaizoda O-mhete uye danho regungano rakasiyana, unohwina pakuvimbika uye mutengo.
Chinokosha ndechekugadzira maitiro kubva pakutanga. Kuedza kuwedzera chinoisa kune chikamu chakagadzirirwa kuungana kwechinyakare chigamba. Kugadzira chikamu neicho chekuisa sechinhu chepakati chinokutendera kuti ukwidze zvese: ukobvu hwemadziro kutenderedza kuisirwa kuti unyatso kugovera kushushikana, maficha ekubatsira muotomatiki kuisa kurodha, uye geometries inorerutsa mold. Ndakagara kuburikidza nekugadzirisa dhizaini uko kufambisa mbabvu 1.5mm inotenderwa iri nyore, yakasimba yepini yepakati kutsigira yekuisa, kuchengetedza zviuru mukugadzirisa mold pamusoro pehupenyu hwayo.
Pakupedzisira, sarudzo yekushandisa iyi nzira inosvika pakushanda. Ndeyekugadzira yakasimba, yakawanda-yakawanda zvinhu izvo kuvimbika kwechisungo kusingagone kutaurirana. Ingave knobhu inofanirwa kumira miriyoni yematenderedzwa e torque, chinongedzo chinofanira kunge chiri chekunyudza-uchapupu, kana chibatiso chekushandisa chekuvhiya chinoda simbi yakasimba yepakati uye yekunamatira, maitiro acho chishandiso chekugadzirisa matambudziko einjiniya, kwete danho rekugadzira chete. Kana zvaitwa nemazvo, nekutarisisa kune gritty ruzivo rwezvishandiso, makanika, uye maitiro ekugadzirisa, mhedzisiro chikamu chinongonyangarika mukushanda kwakavimbika - inova ndiyo rumbidzo yepamusoro yaunogona kupa kune chero maitiro ekugadzira.
