Paunonzwa 'metal powder metallurgy', mufananidzo wepakarepo kazhinji ndewepristine, otomatiki mashini anobuda akakwana, akaomarara. Ndiyo shanduro yebhurocha. Chokwadi, kunyanya kana uchitsvaga kana kubatanidza zvinhu izvi mumagungano akakura, zvakatonyanya. Izvo ndezvekunzwisisa kuti simba chairo rinorara papi-kwete chete mukupedzisira sintering, asi muhupfu hunhu, mabinder masisitimu, uye anowanzo-asingatarisirwe echipiri maoparesheni. Vazhinji vanofungidzira kuti ichitoro chimwe chete chezvikamu zvemambure, asi vachiregeredza basa rakakosha rekumashure-sintering machining kana kupinza. Mukaha uripo pakati petarisiro uye inoshanda inoshanda ndipo panogumburwa mapurojekiti mazhinji.
Iyo Poda pachayo: Panotangira zvese uye zvinogona kushata
Izvo zvese zvinotanga ne feedstock. Iwe haugone kutaura nezvazvo simbi upfu metallurgy pasina kuwana granular pamusoro pehupfu. Ndakaona mapurojekiti achitsanangura generic Stainless simbi poda chete kutarisana nekusaenderana sintering shrinkage uye warpage. Kugovera saizi yechikamu, morphology (spherical vs. irregular), uye kuyerera hakusi kungotaura pane dhatabheti; vanoraira kusvibira kwegirini uye, pakupedzisira, kuvimbika kwechikamu. Mumwe mutengesi akambotitumira batch ye 316L powder yaitaridzika zvakakwana asi yaiva nehuwandu hweokisijeni. Chigumisiro mushure mekuita sintering? Embrittlement uye kuyera kwepamusoro. Isu takadzidza nenzira yakaoma kuti certs yakanaka, asi dzimwe nguva unoda yako nzvimbo yekutarisa, kunyanya kune yakakosha maapplication.
Apa ndipo pane basa rekudyidzana kwenguva refu. Kambani yakadai Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), neruzivo rwavo rwemakore 30 mukugadzira uye kugadzira alloys akakosha, vanonzwisisa maitiro enyama pamwero wakakosha. Kunyange ivo vachizivikanwa nekudyara kwekudyara, iyo yakadzika metallurgical zivo inoshandura. Pavanopa hupfu ku a simbi upfu metallurgy purojekiti - toti, yenickel-based superalloy component - havasi kungotenga chinhu; vari kuiongorora vachipesana nenhaka yekuziva mabatiro anoita simbi pasi pekupisa nekushushikana. Maonero iwayo anokosha.
Sarudzo pakati pemvura-atomized uye gasi-atomized poda ndeimwe yemhando yepamusoro yekufona. Gasi-atomized rinowanzoita denderedzwa, inoyerera zvirinani kune yakaoma kufa kuzadza, uye kazhinji inoburitsa zvirinani zvekupedzisira zvivakwa. Asi zvinodhura. Kune yakakwira-vhoriyamu, isinganyanyi kuomesesa chikamu chechimiro, mvura-atomized inogona kunyatsokwana uye yakaderedzwa mutengo zvakanyanya. Imhando iyi yekutengeserana-inoparadzanisa dhizaini yedzidziso kubva kune inogadzirwa, inodhura-inoshanda.
Kubva kuCompaction kuenda kuSintering: Iyo Make-kana-Break Phase
Kukochekera kunoita sekwakatwasuka: dzvanya hupfu mukufa. Asi kufanana kwekudzvanyirira kugovera ibasa rakasviba. Multi-level zvikamu zvine kureba kwakasiyana zvinozivikanwa ne density gradients. Isu takambove negiya hub uko iyo flange yaive yakakwana, asi yepakati bore nzvimbo yaive pasi-yakaomeswa, zvichitungamira mukutadza kugera mukushandisa. Mushonga wacho wakanga usiri wokutsikirira tonnage yakakwirira; yakanga iri kugadziridzwa kwechishandiso chine punches dzakawanda uye akachenjera poda-feed kugadzirisa. Yakawedzera kumutengo wekushandisa asi yakachengetedza chikamu.
Sintering ndipo panoitika mashiripiti — uye kutya — kunoitika. Mhepo yevira ndiyo zvese. Kubvisa zvishoma stoichiometry mune yako hydrogen-nitrogen musanganiswa unogona kutungamirira ku decarburization kana, zvakanyanya, kabhoni pickup muzvikamu zvesimbi. Vacuum sintering yakanakisa kune reactive zvinhu senge titanium kana iwo akakosha alloys QSY inoshanda nawo, asi idanho rinonyanya kusimba. Iwo mareti erempu, tembiricha yekunyorova, uye kutonhora kutenderera zvese zvinotorwa kubva pane zvakaitika, kwete kungoita bhuku curve. Ndinoyeuka batch yezvikamu zvecobalt-chrome zvakagadzira micro-cracks nekuti mwero wekutonhodza wakanyanya kuneta kune chaiyo binder system yatakashandisa. Kugadzirisa kutenderera uku kwakatora mamwe matatu emoto anomhanya uye yakawanda yekuyambuka-referencing nedata remupi wehupfu.
Izvo zvakakoshawo kucherechedza kuti sintering kashoma kuunza yechokwadi mambure-chimiro. Pagara paine shanduko yedimensional. Kutarisira uye kugadzira iyo sintered kushivirira kwakakosha. Dzimwe nguva, iwe unovavarira iyo sinter-forge mamiriro apo iwe unofunga pasi pasi uye wobva wagadzirisa. Dzimwe nguva, iwe unongoronga kugadzira machining. Ichi ndicho chinongedzo chechisikigo kumakambani anobhuroka maitiro. Chikamu chinogona kuitwa kuburikidza simbi upfu metallurgy nokuda kwekushanda kwayo kwezvinhu uye pedyo-neti chimiro, uye inotumirwa kune chaiyo CNC machining kuti uwane kushivirira kwekupedzisira pane zvakakosha bore madhayamita kana shinda. Iyo nzira yekugadzira yakasanganiswa inoita pfungwa huru.
Basa Rakakosha reSekondari Operations
Uku ndiko kunenge kuri kusanzwisisa kukuru. Vanhu vanofunga kuti chikamu chinobuda muchoto che sinter chakagadzirira kutumirwa. Zvinenge zvisingaite. Zvikamu zvakawanda zvinoda saizi kana coining-yekupedzisira mutori wenhau kurova yakasimba dimensional specs. Vamwe vanoda kurapwa kwemhepo yekudzivirira kwepamusoro oxidation pazvikamu zvesimbi. Kune maapplication anoda kumanikidzwa kusimba, senge hydraulic components, resin impregnation idanho rakajairwa asi rinopera. Tora iyo vacuum level isiriyo mukamuri yekumisikidza, uye chisimbiso hachizopinda nepamusoro peporosity zvizere.
Ipapo pane kugadzira. Sintered zvinhu zvinogona kushatisa uye zvakakanganisa kucheka, izvo zvakaoma pamidziyo. Iwe unoda mamakisi akakodzera ecarbide uye mafeed / nekumhanyisa. Shamwari ine simba CNC machining hunyanzvi, sezvaungawana pane femu ine QSY's mbiri, ine mukana pano. Havasi kungoita subcontracting machining; vanonzwisisa kuti sintered microstructure ichaita sei pasi pemudziyo wekucheka. Vanoziva kuti chimwe chikamu chinogona kunge chine misiyano mishomanana inogona kukonzera kutaura kwechishandiso, uye vanogona kuronga nekushandisa zvinoenderana.
Kurapa kwekupisa mushure mekupisa kune imwe nhanho. Zvinoitwa kuti uwedzere zvivakwa, asi iwe unofanirwa kungwarira kuti usakonzerese kukanganisa muchikamu chakatove chakasimwa kune chaiyo chimiro. Mhosva yekuomesera sintered simbi giya inoda kudzora chaiko kudzivirira kuputika mazino. Aya ndiwo akabatana post-maitiro anotsanangura chaizvo kuita kwechikamu.
Material Synergies: Kana Powder Metallurgy Inosangana Nehunyanzvi hwekukanda
Iyi ikona inonakidza. Apo simbi upfu metallurgy uye kukanda kwekudyara kunowanzoonekwa senzira dzekukwikwidza, pane kuwirirana muruzivo rwezvinhu. Ose anobata nesimbi inogadzira kubva kune granular kana yakanyungudutswa, inoteverwa nekuomarara/kunyunguduka. Kambani yakavakirwa mukudyara kwekudyara nickel uye cobalt-based alloys ine yakadzama, ingangoita intuitive manzwiro ekuti ma alloys aya anopindura sei kutenderera kwekupisa, maitiro avo ekudzikira, uye ekupedzisira machanicha zvinhu.
Ruzivo urwu runotamiswa zvakananga. Kana kambani yakadaro inoongorora a simbi upfu metallurgy purojekiti yemhando yepamusoro-yekushisa alloy chikamu, ivo havasi kutanga kubva ku zero. Vanogona kubvunza mibvunzo iri nani: Hwindo rehupfu rehupfu uhwu huchagadzirisa gamma prime formation yatinoda mune iyi nickel alloy? kana Zvichienderana neruzivo rwedu rwekukanda nenziyo dzakafanana, ndeipi post-sinter kupisa kurapwa inogonesa creep resistance? Izvi hazvisi zvisinganzwisisiki; inoiswa simbi. Kune mutengi, kushanda nemupi ane iyi muchinjiko-maitiro ekuona kunobvisa panjodzi chikamu chebudiriro zvakanyanya.
Ndakaona iyi ichitamba neyakaomarara mafuta system zvikamu. Iyo yekutanga dhizaini inodaidzira kukanda mari, asi kune mamwe madiki-zvikamu zvine akaomarara emukati chiteshi, simbi upfu metallurgy kuburikidza nesimbi jekiseni molding (MIM) yakapa iri nani mhinduro yekuoma kwechimiro uye kushoma machining. Hunyanzvi hwemupi huripo hweiyo alloy pachayo yakaita shanduko yekuchinja uye parameter kuvandudza zvakanyanya.
Mafungiro Anoshanda uye Mutengo Wechokwadi
Ngatitaurei nhamba nemavhoriyamu. Mutengo wepamusoro wekushandisa compaction kana MIM molds zvinoreva simbi upfu metallurgy mutambo wevhoriyamu. Izvo hazviwanzo kuita zvine musoro kune prototypes kana inomhanya mumazana. Iwe unoda zviuru, kazhinji makumi ezviuru, kuti ubvise iyo mutengo wepamberi. Nekudaro, mashandisirwo emidziyo akanyanya, kazhinji anopfuura makumi mapfumbamwe neshanu muzana, ayo anodhura alloys ari kuponesa kwakakura zvichienzaniswa nekugadzira kubva kubhawa stock.
Nguva yekutungamirira ndechimwe chinhu. Nepo nguva yekutenderera pachikamu ipfupi, dhizaini yezvishandiso, kugadzirwa, uye kuvandudza maitiro kunotora mwedzi. Haisi mhinduro yekukurumidza. Iwe zvakare wakavharirwa mukati kana turusi yagadzirwa. Shanduko yedhizaini, kunyangwe idiki, inogona kureva inodhura maturusi ekugadzirisa kana seti nyowani yekufa. Izvi zvinoda mwero wepamusoro wekugadzira kukura kumberi, izvo zvinopokana neazvino iterate inokurumidza uzivi. Inomanikidza rudzi rwakasiyana rwechirango.
Pakupedzisira, kutonga kwehutano kwakapararira. Haisi kungoongorora kwekupedzisira. Iwe unofanirwa kutarisa mijenya yehupfu, yegirini chikamu uremu / density, sintering mamiriro ematanda, uye dimensional cheki padanho rega rega. Iyo statistical process control machati ishamwari yako yepamoyo. Iyo nzira inopa mubayiro kuenderana uye inoranga kusiyana. Ndicho chikonzero kuwana mudiwa ane tsika yakadzika midzi yemaitiro ekugadzirisa-rudzi rwakavakwa kwemakumi emakore, kufanana nekambani yemakore makumi matatu ekugadzira-haisi chinhu chakanaka-kuve nacho; yakakosha kune chero chinhu chiri kunze kweiyo yakakosha sintered chikamu.
