Kana vanhu vazhinji vakanzwa 'metal shaft', vanofananidzira tsvimbo yakapfava, yakasimba. Mukuita, ndipo panowanikwa pfungwa huru yekutanga. Haisi kumbongova tsvimbo. Iyo inotakura-inotakura, torque-kutumira, kazhinji chaiyo-yakaenzana chikamu icho kutadza kunogona kumisa mutsara wegungano rose. Ndakaona mapurojekiti akawanda achiitora sechinhu chekutengesa, zvichiita kuti ishandiswezve inodhura. Dambudziko chairo harisi mukuzviita; zviri mukuzvitsanangura nemazvo kubva pakutanga-chishandiso, kushivirira, kupedza, uye chinhu chinowanzo furatirwa chekusarira kushushikana kubva mukugadzira.
Kusarudzwa Kwezvinhu Kupfuura Giredhi
Kunhonga 4140 simbi kana 304 isina tsvina nekuti iri pane yakajairwa runyorwa ndiko kutanga, asi iyo isina ruzivo. Nzvimbo yekushanda inorayira zvose. Ndinoyeuka purojekiti yepombi yemugungwa apo iyo yekutanga yaidaidza yakajairwa 316 isina tsvina simbi shaft. Yakapasa miedzo yekutanga asi yakakundikana mumunda mukati memwedzi. Nyaya yacho? Kwete general corrosion, asi crevice corrosion uye stress corrosion kuputika pakiyi nzira pasi pe cyclic kurodha mumvura ine chlorine. Isu taifanira kushandura kune duplex giredhi isina tsvina ine nani chloride kuramba uye kugadzirisa machining maitiro kuti akonzerese kudzvinyirira kushushikana pamusoro. The takeaway? Nhamba yealloy ingori tikiti rekupinda.
Apa ndipo apo vatengesi venguva refu vane foundry uye machining pasi pedenga rimwe vanoratidza kukosha kwavo. Kambani yakadai Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY), nemakumi matatu emakore ekugadzira nekugadzira, vanonzwisisa kupindirana uku. Havangogadziri billet chete; vanogona kutanga kubva kugoko kana kuisa mari, izvo zvinogona kukosha kune yakaoma shaft geometries ine flanges kana isina kujairika profiles. Kudzora rwendo rwezvinhu kubva kusimbi yakanyungudutswa kuenda kune yakapedzwa kunoderedza njodzi dzakavanzwa.
Zvekupfekwa kwepamusoro, senge mune zvinokonzeresa zveabrasive slurries, isu tapfuura nekuomesa. Kurapa kwepamusoro senge induction kuomesera pane kabhoni simbi core kana kutoisa Stellite (cobalt-based alloy) weld overlays pane dzakanangana kupfeka nzvimbo inove yakakosha. Iko kuongororwa kwemari-bhenefiti: inodhura simbi shaft iyo inotora makore matatu zvichienderana neyakachipa inotsiviwa gore negore. Mutengo wese wevaridzi hauwanzo kufarira sarudzo yakachipa.
Iko Machining Inopera: Apo Mafungiro Anosangana Nechokwadi
Dhirowa inogona kudaidza 0.8 Ra pamusoro pekupedzisira. Kuzviwana chinhu chimwe chete; kuiwana nguva dzose pakugadzirwa kwe500 shafts ndeimwe. Dhiabhorosi ari mukuseta, kupfeka kwemidziyo, uye manejimendi anotonhorera. Girazi rinopera rinogona kutaridzika zvakanaka, asi kune shaft iri kufamba mubani, iwe unotoda imwe nzira yekuchinjika-hatch yekuchengeta oiri. Kunyanya kutsvedzerera, uye unoisa panjodzi yekukuvadzwa.
Ndakadzidza izvi nenzira yakaoma pamuchina wekurongedza unomhanya kwazvo. Mashaft acho akakwenenzverwa zvakanakisa kusvika 0.4 Ra. Vakapisa zvakanyanya uye vakabata mukati mevhiki. Dambudziko rakanga risiri kukosha kwekupedzisa pacharo, asi kushomeka kweakatsanangurwa magirovha ekuzora uye neakaipa pamusoro pemagadzirirwo ekutungamira. Taifanira kugadzirazve mayunitsi ese, tichiwedzera imwe nzira yekukudza nzvimbo. Ikozvino, ini ndinogara ndichitsanangura kwete iyo Ra chete, asiwo iyo Rz uye iyo yekuisa pateni (inotenderera, axial, kana yakachinjika) padhirowa. Mashopu mazhinji emuchina wegeneric anoregeredza izvi kunze kwekunge wazviboora mazviri.
CNC machining centers, seaya aunowana pane yakasarudzika processor's nzvimbo (saiti yavo pa. tsngtaocnc.com zvakadzama kugona kwavo), zvakakosha pakudzokorora. Asi ruzivo rwemugadziri rwakakosha. Maitiro avanoteedzera maoparesheni — roughing, semi-finishing, finishing — anokanganisa kupinza kwekupisa uye kugadzikana kwedimensional. Kucheka kunorema kwasara kune yekupedzisira pass kunogona kukanganisa chikamu mushure mekunge chisina kuvharwa. Hunyanzvi husina mano hwakafukidzwa sesainzi.
Kuenzanisa Chiito: Kwete Chete Turbines
Wese munhu anoziva turbine shafts inoda dynamic balancing. Asi zvakadini neshaft fan inomhanya pa3000 RPM? Kana kuti conveyor drive shaft iyo yakareba mamita matatu? Iko kudikanwa kwekuenzanisa kunotariswa zvakanyanya. An unbalanced simbi shaft inogadzira vibration, zvichitungamira mukutadza kubereka nguva isati yakwana, kupfeka chisimbiso, uye ruzha. Kune chero chinhu chinotenderera pamusoro pe1000 RPM, ini zvino ndinoraira kuenzanisa, kunyangwe ingori nhanho chiyero cheinononoka, yakaoma rotor.
Nzira yacho inokosha. Isu tinowanzo tsanangura G2.5 chiyero chemhando giredhi kune akawanda maindasitiri emuchina shafts. Asi kuzviwana kunoda kunyatsoronga. Iwe unoda zvinhu zvakafanana (saka kukosha kwekukandira kwakanaka kana kufogirwa isina chinhu), symmetrical machining, uye nzvimbo dzakatarwa dzekuwedzera kana kubvisa huremu. Ndakaona zvitoro zvichiboora maburi kuti aenzanise shaft, zvichikanganisa simba rekuneta kwayo. Nzira chaiyo ndeyekuva nemapads emuchina kana maflange akagadzirwa kubva pakutanga kwezviyero zvechiyero.
Kune refu, shaft yakatetepa, nyaya yacho inowedzera kuoma. Inogona kunge yakatwasuka uye yakadzikama kana ichitonhora uye yakamira, asi pasi pehuremu hwayo uye nekuwedzera kwemafuta pakumhanya kwekushanda, inogona kusagika nekukonzera kusaenzana. Dzimwe nguva, hausi kuenzanisa shaft chete, asi iyo yose rotor ungano. Izvi zvinoda kushandira pamwe nemuchina kuti vape kuenzana magazini uye kunzwisisa kutevedzana kwegungano.
Kushivirira uye Kukodzera: Mutauro weMusangano
A shaft dhayamita 50mm. Zvinorevei izvo? Hapana chinhu chisina kushivirira. Iyo h7 inokodzera chigaro chekutakura, k6 yegiya yekutsikirira inokwana, f7 yechisimbiso chinomhanya pamusoro. Kuita izvi zvisizvo ndiyo nzira inokurumidza yekukundikana kwegungano. Ndakambogamuchira batch ye shafts uko mabearing journals akagadzirwa kune g6 tolerance pachinzvimbo cheh7. Yakanga iri nani (yakasimba) kushivirira, asi zvaireva kuti mabearings, ayo akange atove akaomeswa ekudhinda fit, zvakava zvisingaite kuisa pasina hydraulic press, nengozi kukuvara.
Imwe dhigirii yakakosha ndeyekushivirira kwejometri: kutwasanuka, cylindricity, uye concentricity. Shaft inogona kuve nedhayamita yega yega muspec asi ine 0.1mm bend pamusoro pekureba kwayo. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kumhanya, kudedera, uye kusaenzana kupfeka. Kune akakosha shafts, isu zvino tinogara tichitsanangura kutwasanuka callout, kazhinji pamusoro pe500mm span. Kutarisa izvi kunoda akakodzera V-mabhuraki uye dial chiratidzo, kwete chete peya yemacalipers.
Uku kurongeka ndiko uko masevhisi akabatanidzwa anobhadhara. Kambani inobata zvese kukanda kwepedyo-net-chimiro uye yekupedzisira CNC machining, seQSY, ine kutonga kuri nani pane izvi. Ivo vanogona kuchina yakakosha datum nzvimbo pakukanda kutanga, vobva vashandisa izvo kubata chikamu chezvinotevera maoperation, kuve nechokwadi chekutarisa uye kurongeka kwenzvimbo kubva pakutanga. Kuedza kusungirira pane rough-cast surface yekupedzisa machining iresiphi yekusaenderana.
Kana Shaft Isina Kusimba: Hollow Shafts uye Zvemukati Zvimiro
Haasi ese mashaft mazariro akasimba. Hollow shafts yakakosha pakudzikisa huremu (mumuchadenga kana mota maapplication) kana kushanda semaponji ekutonhodza, hydraulic fluid, kana wiring. Izvi zvinounza dambudziko idzva. Kugadzira yakadzika, diki-dhayamita yakaboora nekusimba kwakasimba uye pamusoro pekupedzisira zvinodiwa ibasa rakasarudzika. Kutsauswa kwechishandiso, kubviswa kwechip, uye kutakura kunotonhorera kunove misoro mikuru.
Takagadzira gomo simbi shaft kune rotary union application. Iyo yemukati bore yaida 1.6 Ra kupedzisa uye chaiyo concentricity nemajenari anotakura ekunze. Mutengesi wedu wekutanga akanetseka nekutaura kunofinha kwebha, zvichisiya kupera kunotyisa. Mhinduro yakauya kubva kumuchina akakurudzira kushandisa imwe-point boring bar ine chaiyo geometry uye yakakwirira-kudzvanya kuburikidza-chishandiso inotonhorera system yekupwanya machipisi uye kunyorovesa vibration. Yakashanda, asi yaive nzira yakagadzirwa kuburikidza nekuedza uye kukanganisa, kwete chiyero chekushanda.
Kune akaomesesa machining emukati, maitiro senge kuchera pfuti anowanzoshandiswa. Kuita kunonoka, chaikoiko. Uyu muenzaniso wakanaka wepaunoda shopu ine chaiyo nyanzvi yemidziyo uye kushivirira kufona mukuita. Harisi basa repamusoro-soro, rinokurumidza kushandura. Iwe urikubhadharira hunyanzvi uye kugona, kwete nguva yemuchina chete.
The Forgotten Factor: Residual Stresses and Long-Term Stability
Ichi chinogona kunge chiri icho chinonyanya kufuratirwa pachiyero simbi shaft kugadzira. Machining, kunyanya kutendeuka zvine hasha kana kugaya, kunounza kusarira kushushikana mukati meiyo yepamusoro. Izvi zvinoshungurudza zvinogona kuzorora nekufamba kwenguva, zvichiita kuti shaft inyunguke zvishoma. Kune yakajairwa conveyor shaft, zvingave zvisina basa. Kuti ive chaiyo yekuruka muchina chishandiso, zvine njodzi.
Isu takanga tine batch yemuchina wekukuya maspindle akapfuura ese ekutanga maQC cheki. Mushure mekugara mukuchengetedza kwemwedzi mitanhatu, vanenge 30% vavo vakaratidza kubuda kunoyerwa. Mupari wemhosva? Kusarira kushushikana kubva mukukuya, kusanganiswa nechinhu (chishandiso chesimbi) icho chakanga chisina kukwana kudzvinyirira-kusunungurwa kusati kwaitwa machining ekupedzisira. Kugadzirisa kwaive kuita yekudzikira-yekushisa yekuchembera (dzimwe nguva inodaidzwa kuti artificial kuchembera) mushure mekupedza kugaya kuti ikurumidze kuzorora kwekushushikana kusati kwaongororwa kwekupedzisira.
Kudzora izvi kunoda nzira yekugadzira yakazara. Kutanga neyakagadziriswa kupisa-yakagadziriswa isina chinhu (yakagadziriswa, yakajairwa, kana kudzimwa uye kushatirwa) inhanho yekutanga. Zvadaro, machining anofanirwa kuitwa mumatanho ane zororo rekushushikana pakati pezvikamu zvakakosha. Mupi webasa rakazara anotonga cheni yese-kubva pakutsvaga alloy chaiyo, kukanda / kuforoma, kurapwa kwekupisa, uye machining ekupedzisira-anoiswa padanho repamusoro kudzora izvi zvakasiyana. Ndiwo musiyano pakati pekuita chikamu chinoshanda pazuva rachinoitwa uye chinoshanda zvakavimbika kwemakore.
