Ngatichekei nekutengesa kutaura. Kana vanhu vazhinji vakanzwa 'precision casting', vanofananidzira zvikamu zvisina mhosva, zvakaita mambure zvichibuda muforoma, zvagadzirira kuenda. Chokwadi chakanyanya, chakanyanya nuances, uye kutaura chokwadi, chinonakidza. Haisi nzira chete; inhaurirano yenguva dzose pakati pechishuvo chekugadzira, hunhu hwezvinhu, uye huchokwadi hwefizikisi nekemesitiri. Mazhinji ma specs anokandwa achitenderedza asinganzwisise zvavanoda chaizvo kuwana pasi.
Iyo Shell Game: Iri Kupfuura Ingori Jecha
Shell mold casting, imwe yenzira dzedu dzepakati, kazhinji inonyudzwa mukati nekukandira jecha kuri nyore. Iko kukanganisa. Iyo chaiyo inotanga ne mold pachayo. Hatisi kungorongedza jecha patani; tiri kuvaka goko rakatetepa, rakaomarara kuburikidza neakawanda-nhanho stucco process. Kusagadzikana kweceramic slurry, saizi yezviyo zverefractory stucco, nguva yekuomesa pakati pedips-yega yega inozevezera kusvika kumagumo ekupedzisira. Tora imwe isiriyo, uye iwe unozoiona mukupedzisa, kana zvakanyanya, mukuputsika kwegoko panguva yekudira. Ndakaona mapurojekiti apo mutengi aida Ra 3.2 μm pamusoro pekupedzisa sekukanda. Zvinokwanisika here? Hongu, negoko. Asi zvaireva kukwenya bhachi rekutanga slurry viscosity uye kuenda kune yakatsetseka zircon jecha rejasi rechiso, iro rakawedzera mutengo uye zvakapfava zvekubata zvinodiwa. Ndiko kutengeserana uku kunotsanangura kurongeka chaiko.
Muedzo chaiwo unouya neakaoma geometries. Madziro akatetepa, migero yemukati, undercuts. Nekuumbwa kwegoko, tinogona kuwana zvikamu pasi kusvika pa3mm zvakavimbika, asi tichisundira ku2mm? Ndipo panouya hunyanzvi. Inoda dhizaini yakakwana (makona ekudhirowa haataurike), uye inodzorwa, inokurumidza kudurura kuzadza mhango simbi isati yatanga kugwamba muzvikamu zviya zvisingaite. Takarasikirwa nebhechi kamwe chete pane pombi impeller prototype-yakanaka patani, asi epakati maprints aive mashoma zvishoma. Panguva yekudira, kubhuroka kwesimbi yakanyungudutswa isina tsvina yakasimudza chaiko, ichikanganisa nzira dzemukati. Kutadza kwakanyarara, kunodhura kwakatidzidzisa kupfuudza-engineer core anchoring yekudira zvine simba.
Uye ipapo pane zvinhu zvinomanikidza. Mashell molds ane yakanakisa dimensional kugadzikana kune ferrous alloys - cast irons, carbon steels, Stainless mamakisi. Asi paunosvetukira kune ma superalloys ane tembiricha yekudira kuchamhembe kwe1500 ° C, kuvhunduka kwekushisa pagoko kune hutsinye. Isu takachinjira kune yakasanganiswa silica-yakavakirwa kumeso jasi kune akateedzana nickel-based alloys zvikamu, izvo zvakabatsira, asi zvakaunza dambudziko idzva: iyo shell yakawedzera brittle. Maitiro ekubata kubva pakudonhedza wakisi kusvika pakudirwa aifanira kudzokororwa zvachose. Hapana bhuku rinofukidza izvozvo; ruzivo rwemadzinza pasi.
Investment Casting: Iyo Yakarasika Wax Reality Check
Investment casting ndiye mwana weposita nemazvo, uye nechikonzero chakanaka. Kudzokorora wakisi ndiko kunozvarwa kuvimbika. Asi izwi rekuti 'rasika wakisi' rinonzwika kunge remashiripiti, uye rinovharika nhamba huru yematanho apo kushivirira kunogona kubuda ropa. Iyo wakisi jekiseni paramita-tembiricha, kudzvanywa, kubata nguva-inobata zvakananga chiyero chepateni uye pamusoro pemhando. Iyo pateni inotaridzika yakakwana inogona kuderera zvakasiyana panguva yekudyara maitiro, ichirasa zviyero zvakakosha.
Isu tinoishandisa zvakanyanya kune zvikamu izvo zvisingagoneke kugadzira zvehupfumi - funga zvakabatanidzwa turbine mablades ane emukati ekutonhodza machanera, kana ezvokurapa anodyara prototypes ane organic shapes. Kurongeka kwedimensional kwakanakisa, kazhinji kubata +/- 0.005 inches per inch. Asi zviri mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka. Chidzidzo chimwe chakaomesesa-chakadzidzwa: humidity ambient pazuva raunovaka iyo ceramic shell inobata nyaya. Yakanyanya kukwirira, uye mitsara inotevedzana haiome uye inopisa zvakanaka; goko rinogona kupera simba. Yakanyanya kuderera, uye iwo akaturikidzana anogona kurapa nekukurumidza, achikonzera kushushikana. Isu tave nekudzora kwemamiriro ekunze mukamuri yekuvaka makoko, mari isingagone kutaurirana yakazvibhadharira pazvimedu zvakaderedzwa.
Iyo dewaxing process ndiyo imwe nguva yakakosha. Autoclave vs. flash fire? Mumwe nomumwe ane zvaanofanira kuita. Kune mapatani akakura ane zvikamu zvakakora, isu tinosarudza inodzorwa autoclave kutenderera kunyungudutsa wakisi kunze pasina kutsemura goko rakasvibira. Asi kune zvimiro zvakatetepa, zvakatetepa-madziro, kupisa kwekupisa kwemoto unopenya kunogona kuve kwakanyanya. Isu takatsemura muti wese wemabhureki emuchadenga kamwe nekunyanya hutsinye neiyo autoclave pressure. Wakisi haina kupera nekukurumidza, yakawedzera, uye… pop. Chinyararire, ceramic crunch zvinoreva mavhiki enguva yakarasika. Ikozvino, pamusangano wega wega wewakisi, isu tinomhanyisa goko diki rekuyedza kuti tinyanye mu dewaxing paramita. Inononoka, asi inoponesa.
Material Haisi Ingori Chete Chete
Vatengi vanotumira zvinyorwa zvezvinhu: ASTM A351 CF8M kana Inconel 718. Ndiko kutanga kwehurukuro, kwete kuguma. Imwe neimwe alloy inoita sechinhu chipenyu mucrucible uye mold. Tora simbi isina tsvina. Iyo chromium inoda kuita oxidize, ichigadzira slag inogona kubatwa mukukanda kana iyo gating system isina kugadzirwa kuti ichengetedze kudururwa uye kuratidzwa kumhepo. Isu tinoshandisa mumhanyi ekuwedzera uye ceramic mafirita seyakajairwa ikozvino, asi zvakatora mashoma mabheti ane yakashata pamusoro inclusions kuita iwo mutemo.
Cobalt-based alloys imhuka dzavo. Fantastic kupfeka uye corrosion resistance, kutyisa fluidity. Ivo vanowana mushy nekukurumidza, saka kuzadza zvikamu zvitete mujaho. Kazhinji tinotofanira kudzipisa zvakanyanya kupfuura zvinokurudzirwa nepepa, izvo zvinokanganisa kukura kwezviyo uye kunaya kwecarbide. Mhinduro yacho? Inokurumidza kudurura kuburikidza nemidziyo inopisa uye dzimwe nguva kunyange pre-kupisa molds. Iyo inowedzera kuomarara, asi ndiyo chete nzira yekuwana kuzadza kwakazara pachigaro chevharuvhu, semuenzaniso. Iwe haugone kungodira izvi sekudira kwaunodira simbi yakakandwa.
Uye ipapo pane post-casting chokwadi. Vazhinji vanofungidzira kuti chaiyo-yakakandwa chikamu chapera. Kashoma. Zvinenge zvese zvinoenda kune yedu CNC department. Kukandira kunopa chimiro chepedyo-mambure, asi machining anopa yekupedzisira, kunyatsoita basa-shinda, nzvimbo dzekuvharira, zviboora zvinoshivirira. Apa ndipo pane synergy panzvimbo yakadai Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) zvine musoro. Kuve nekukandira uye kugadzira pasi pedenga remba kunoreva kuti timu yekugadzira inogona kudyisa kune yekutanga: Mukuru uyu anogara ari 0.5mm akakora zvakanyanya, achisiya masheya akawandisa kuti isu tibvise, kana Iyo se-yakandwa nzvimbo muhomwe iyi yakanaka zvekuti tinogona kusvetuka kupfuura. Iyo loop yemhinduro, yakavakirwa pamusoro pemakore avo makumi matatu, ndipo panogadzirwa kuwirirana kwechokwadi.
CNC: Mubatsiri, Kwete Vachenese-Up Crew
Kutaura nezve CNC, hazvisi zvekufunga; chinhu chakakosha cheiyo equation chaiyo. Iwo datum mapoinzi akamiswa paiti yekukanda anofanirwa kugadzirwa aine machining fixture mupfungwa. Isu takatamira kune 3D-yakadhindwa fixture prototypes kuti tiedze iyi interface tisati tacheka simbi. Chikamu chakakandwa chakanaka hachibatsiri kana chisingagoni kuchengetwa chakachengeteka kuitira machining pasina kukanganisa.
Zvemidziyo senge duplex simbi isina tsvina kana yakaomeswa simbi yemidziyo, iyo machining paramita post-casting yakakosha. Iyo yekupisa kurapwa kubva pakukanda kunokanganisa machinability. Isu tinowanzo gadzira yakapfava anneal tisati tagadzira, tobva tapedza kupisa kupisa kune spec, inoteverwa nechiedza chekupedzisa pass. Iyo nhanho-nhanho yekutamba pakati pechoto nepakati yemuchina. Kuedza kudhiza se-yakandwa, yakaomeswa simbi chikamu inzira yakanaka yekupisa inoisa uye kuunza kushushikana muchikamu.
Iyo chaiyo kukosha-yekuwedzera iri mukugadzira iwo un-machinable cast maumbirwo. Isu munguva pfupi yapfuura takava neakawanda ane mavhesi emukati anopindirana izvo zvisingagoneke kuchera. Kuburikidza Investment casting, takagadzira ndima. Zvadaro, tichishandisa musanganiswa we5-axis CNC uye EDM, takagadzira maflanges uye zvisungo zvechiteshi nekugadzirisa zvakakwana kune iyo yakakandwa ndima. Kukandira kwakagonesa kuoma; iyo CNC yakagonesa iyo interface kune chaiyo nyika.
Kukundikana iData Point
Iwe haugone kuita izvi pasina kuputsa zvinhu. Zvinhu zvakawanda. Chinangwa hachisi chokudzivisa kukundikana, asi kuita kuti zviitike nenzira inodzorwa, inodzidzisa. Isu tinomhanyisa chekutanga-chinyorwa chekuongorora icho chinoparadza muganhu-kucheka sampuli castings kuyera mukati memadziro ukobvu, tichitarisa micro-porosity ine dhayi inopinda pane isiri-yakakosha nzvimbo, tichiita bvunzo dzekubhenda pamabhawa ekuyedza akasiyana.
Imwe nyaya yairamba iripo yaive micro-shrinkage muzvikamu zvinorema padyo nemadziro matete. Mhinduro yacho yakanga isiri muforoma; yaive mugadziriso yekusimudza uye kushandiswa kwe exothermic padding kudzora kusimba kwe gradient. Takaziva izvozvo kubva kune imwe pombi yakakundikana. Muedzo wedzvinyiriro wakapfuura, asi X-ray yakaratidza nzvimbo ine spongy ingadai yakakundikana mukuneta. Izvo zvakatungamira kune yakajairwa wongororo yeyedu yekudyisa mitsipa madhizaini akafanana ejometri.
Pakupedzisira, precision casting ndezvekutonga uye kufanotaura. Zviri pamusoro pekuziva kuti kana iwe ukatevera imwe nzira yekudyara - iyi wax musanganiswa, iyo shell recipe, iyi yekudurura tembiricha yeiyo alloy, iyo machining sequence - iwe uchawana chikamu mukati mehamvuropu inofanotaurwa yekusiyana. Iyo haina kumbokwana, asi yakavimbika yakanakisa. Uye kuvimbika ikoko, kwakazvarwa kubva pamakumi matatu emakore ekugadzirisa matambudziko senge ari pamusoro, ndiko kunoparadzanisa chikamu chinoshanda kubva kune chikamu chinogara. Makambani anopedzisira, seQSY, anonzwisisa kuti yakadzika iyi, dzimwe nguva yakashata, maitiro eruzivo rwauri kutenga chaizvo, kwete chete CAD faira rakashandurwa kuita simbi.
