Vanhu vazhinji pavanonzwa 'sand casting aluminum', vanofungidzira zviri nyore, zvinenge zvechinyakare-kanda simbi yakanyungudutswa mujecha mold, itonhodze, uye wapedza. Ndiko kusanzwisisa kukuru. Icho chokwadi ndechekugara kutaurirana pakati pekuyerera kwealuminium uye kusindimara kwejecha, uko kubudirira kunotsamira pane mamwe mapepa asina kumbotaura. Haisi nzira yekukanda chete; inhevedzano yezvibvumirano zvakaverengerwa.
Ijecha Harisi Nyore chete, uye Aluminium Haisi Ingori Metal
Ngatitange tataura nezvejecha. Jecha regirini, resin-bonded, sodium silicate-chimwe nechimwe chine hunhu hwayo. Pabasa realuminium zvakajairika, jecha rakasvibira rakanaka rinosanganiswa nevhu rakakodzera uye kutonga mwando ndiro bhiza rekushanda. Asi ini ndaona mapurojekiti achitadza nekuti mumwe munhu aibata jecha system senge static ingredient. Ihurongwa hwehupenyu. Jecha rinodzokororwa, asi rinodzikisira, rinotora zvinosvibisa kubva mukupisa kwebhainda, uye kupera kwayo kunoshanduka. Kana iwe ukasatarisisa zvivakwa zvayo batch kuti batch, iwe unotanga kuwana hurema hwepamusoro, senge scabbing kana makonzo miswe, inoita senge nyaya dzesimbi asi idambudziko rejecha.
Ipapo pane aluminium. 'Aluminium' yakakura zvakanyanya. Tiri kutaura A356 nekuda kwekukandira kwayo kwakanaka uye kurapwa kwekupisa? Kana kuti pamwe 6061 kune chaiyo machinability chinodiwa, kunyangwe chiri trickier kukanda? Sarudzo inoraira zvese - tembiricha yekudurura, gating system dhizaini, iyo yekusimbisa shrinkage. Kudurura A380 panguva imwe chete seA356 iresiphi yeporosity. Iyo alloy inoraira kutamba.
Apa ndipo pane ruzivo kubva kuchitoro chesevhisi yakazara. Nzvimbo yakadai Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), nemakumi emakore avo ekukandira uye kugadzira, vanowana kupindirana uku. Vaisazongotarisa mufananidzo weimba yealuminium; vaizofunga rwendo rwose kubva pasimbi yakanyungudutswa kusvika pakupera, chikamu chakagadzirwa nemichina. Iyo jecha yekukanda maitiro inoisa nhanho kune ese akadzika rwizi CNC basa. Chikamu chisina kumira zvakanaka chine shrinkage yemukati kana nzvimbo dzakaomarara inouraya zvishandiso panguva yekugadzira, mutengo unowanzo furatirwa mune zvakachipa zvekukanda makotesheni.
Gating, Kudyisa, uye Iyo Art yeDirectional Solidification
Uyu ndiwo moyo wayo. Iwe unogona kuve nejecha rakakwana uye rakakwana alloy, asi kana yako gating uye kusimuka (yekudya) system iri yekufungidzira, iwe unorasa chikamu. Chinangwa ndechekuomesa kwakanangana negwaro: kuita kuti simbi iome kubva kure-kure kwekukanda shure kwakananga kunosimudzwa, inova dura resimbi inopisa inodyisa kupera. Kune aluminium, izvi zvakakosha nekuti shrinkage rate yakakosha.
Ndakadzidza izvi nenzira yakaoma kare nebhureketi repombi yakakora. Kukanda kwacho kwairatidzika kunge kwakanzwika, asi panguva yekuyedzwa kwekumanikidza, kwakadonha. Kuisa chikamu kwakaratidza nzvimbo ine spongy ye micro-shrinkage porosity. Dambudziko? Inosimudza yaive diki uye yakaiswa zvisizvo; yakaomarara chikamu chakakora chebhureketi chisati chaita, saka pakanga pasina simbi yemvura yakasara yekudyisa iyo shrinkage. Kugadzirisa kwaisangova kuwedzera simbi; yakanga ichigadzira patsva gedhi kuti ridzore gradient yekupisa. Taishandisa kutonhora—kuisa simbi mujecha—kuti tikurumidze kutonhora munzvimbo chaidzo uye kumanikidzira kuoma munzira kwayo.
Software simulation inobatsira ikozvino, asi haisi evhangeri. Inokupa maitiro, kufanotaura. Iwe uchiri kuda kuidudzira neruzivo runoshanda. Dzimwe nguva, kuenzanisa kunoratidza nzvimbo inopisa, uye bhuku rinoti wedzera riser ipapo. Asi kana iyo nzvimbo iri muwebhu yakatetepa, kuwedzera chikwiriso chikuru chakawandisa uye zvinogadzira mutoro wakakura wekugadzira. Zvichida mhinduro iri nani ndeye kushandura zvishoma chikamu dhizaini nemutengi, kuwedzera mbabvu diki kugoverazve misa. Ndiyo mhando yekukosha kweinjiniya inounzwa nemumwe ane nguva.
Iko Kukandwa Kwejecha Kunorova Miganho Yayo (Uye Kwainopenya)
Aluminium yekukanda jecha yakanaka kune yakaderera kusvika pakati mavhoriyamu, yezvikamu zvakakura, uye zvemagadzirirwo angangodhura zvakanyanya kumashini kubva kune yakasimba billet. Funga mabhuroki einjini, makesi ekutapurirana, mafuremu makuru ezvimiro. Iko kupedzisa kwepamusoro hakuzove kwakatsetseka sekukanda kwekudyara kana kufa, uye kushivirira kwakakura. Iwe uri kutengesa kubva kune imwe chaiyo yekuchinjika uye yakaderera mutengo wekushandisa.
Asi muganhu haungori saizi kana kushivirira. Iyo geometric yakaoma. Homwe dzakadzika, nhete? Undercuts? Aya ndiwo mashura ejecha rakareruka-zvikamu zviviri. Iwe unotanga kuwedzera macores-akaparadzana maumbirwo ejecha akaiswa muforoma. Imwe neimwe musimboti inowedzera mutengo, kuomarara, uye nyowani nyowani yekukanganisa (senge core shift kana gasi kubva kune core binder). Ndinoyeuka purojekiti yeboka revharuvhu rakaoma apo gungano repakati raive nezvidimbu zvitanhatu zvakasiyana. Kuwanda kwegoho kwaityisa kudzamara tachinjisa core binder zvinhu kune imwe yaiburitsa gasi shoma uye yakawedzera hukuru hwekudhinda zviyero (nzvimbo dzekunyoresa) kuti dzigadzikane.
Ichi ndicho chikonzero makambani anopa huwandu hwemaitiro, seQSY negoko ravo mold uye mari yekukanda mari, vane mukana. Ivo vanogona kutarisa chikamu uye nekutendeka kutaura, Kune iyi geometry uye inodiwa pamusoro pekupedzisira, kukanda jecha hakuna kunaka. Kukandira kwekudyara kunogona kukuchengetedza mutengo wakazara nekudzikisa machining. Kuva nehanya ikoko kwakakosha.
Iyo Yakakosha Handoff: As-Cast to Machined
Kukandira hachisi chikamu chakapedzwa. Kanenge nguva dzose, inoda Machining. Hukama pakati peiyo foundry neshopu yemuchina haigone kuve yemhandu. Iye machinist anofanirwa kunzwisisa kukanda quirks - senge diki dhizaini makona pazviso zvakamira, mukana wenzvimbo dzakaoma padyo nechando, kana isiri-uniform stock allowance. Iyo yekutanga inoda kunzwisisa izvo machinist anoda: inowirirana datum nzvimbo, yakakwana stock yekucheneswa, uye kudzivirira hurema munzvimbo dzakakomba dzinobhowa.
Mabasa akabatanidzwa anogadzirisa izvi. Kana iyo kambani inodurura iyo yekukanda zvakare ichigadzira, senge iyo CNC machining masevhisi pa QSY, iyo yemhinduro loop yakasimba. Chikwata chekugadzira chinoudza muvambi, Tiri kuona maturusi achipfeka pese patinorova junction iyi. Iyo inowanikwa inogona kuferefeta-pamwe ndeye alumina inosanganisirwa, pamwe inzvimbo yekutonhora maitiro-uye gadzirisa maitiro. Iyi synergy ndiyo nzira yaunowana nayo kuvimbika. Inoshandura chikamu chakacheneswa kuita mhinduro yakagadzirwa.
Ndanga ndiri pamapurojekiti uko kukanda kwacho kwakatorwa kubva kune mumwe mutengesi uye machining kubva kune mumwe. Kunongedza munwe pakatadza batch kwaisapera. Kwaive kukanganisa kwekukanda here kana kukanganisa kwemachina? Mupi akabatanidzwa ndiye ane maitiro ese, uye kuti kuzvidavirira kunoshandura kumhando.
Material Haisi Chitsuwa: Kana Aluminium Isina Kukwana
Pakupedzisira, pfungwa pazvinhu. Nepo isu takatarisa pane aruminiyamu, yakanaka foundry haifunge mumasilos. Dzimwe nguva, izvo zvinotanga sealuminum jecha rekukanda zvirevo zvinoshanduka. Pamwe chikamu chinoda kushingirira tembiricha yakakwira kana ngura yakawanda. Kuve nehunyanzvi mune zvimwe zvinhu, sesimbi isina tsvina uye alloys akakosha (nickel-based, cobalt-based) inonyorwa neQSY, inopa maonero akatambanuka. Vanogona kupa zano rekuti kune imwe nzvimbo inopfekwa yakakwira pane imwe aruminiyamu chikamu, imwe alloy inopinza inogona kukandwa-mukati kana kugadzirwa gare gare. Izvo ndezvekuva neiyo yakazara toolkit yekugadzirisa dambudziko rekuita kwemutengi, kwete kungoreva kwavo maitiro ekukumbira.
Saka, jecha rinokanda aluminium? Indima inonyengera yakadzika. Zviri pamusoro pekutonga maitiro ejecha, kutungamira kusimba kwesimbi iri kupera, kugadzirira kugadzira kubva pakutanga, uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti chikamu chakakandwa chiri chemberi chakakwana chechimiro chayo chekupedzisira chakagadzirwa. Izvo zvakashata, maoko-on, uye azere nemhando dzakasiyana. Asi kana zvese zvadzvanya, wodhonza ruzha, kukanda kwakachena kubva mujecha, kugadzirira machining chaiwo, ndiwo mubairo chaiwo. Hazvisi zvechinyakare; ndiwo hwaro.
